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Landing Ship Medium

March 04, 2023

A Landing Ship Medium (LSM) was an amphibious assault ship of the United States Navy in World War II. Of a size between that of Landing Ships Tank and Landing Craft Infantry, 558 LSMs were built for the USN between 1944 and 1945. Most of vessels built on this frame were regular transports, while several dozen were converted during construction to specialized roles. Most LSMs were scrapped during the Cold War, but several were sold by the United States Department of Defense to foreign nations or private shipping companies.

OPNAV N95 established a new LSM program in 2020. The new LSM will be 350 to 400 ft long, able to operate at 22 knots and have a range of 6500 miles. The cost will be much lower than traditional amphibious shipping, according to a story in the March 2023 Marine Corps Gazette. The piece suggests that a MLR (Marine Littoral Regiment) would need 9 LSMs. As a comparison the Jason class of the Greek Navy is about 380 ft long, with a top speed of 18 knots

LSM-1-class Landing Ship Medium (Transport)

 
USS LSM-175 underway off Charleston Navy Yard in 1944
General characteristics
Class and typeLSM-1 class Landing Ship Medium
Displacement
  • 530 long tons (539 t) empty
  • 900 long tons (914 t) loaded
Length203 ft 6 in (62.03 m)
Beam34 ft (10 m)
Draft
  • Landing :
  • 3 ft 6 in (1.07 m) forward
  • 7 ft 8 in (2.34 m) aft
  • Full load :
  • 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) forward
  • 8 ft 3 in (2.51 m) aft
PropulsionFairbanks-Morse or GM Cleveland diesel engines, 2,800 shp (2,088 kW), direct drive, 2 screws
Speed13.3 knots (24.6 km/h; 15.3 mph)
Range5,000 nmi (9,300 km) at 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph)
Capacity
Troops54 troops
Complement4 officers, 54 enlisted
Armament

List of LSM-1-class ships

In total, 558 LSM ships were launched. Some notable examples include:

Name Year launched Fate Short summary
USS LSM-17 May 7, 1944 Sold on November 15, 1974
USS LSM-19 May 14, 1944 Un­known
USS LSM-20 May 14, 1944 Sank on December 5, 1944
USS LSM-45 June 30, 1944 Scrapped after 1998
USS LSM-46 June 30, 1944 Sold on October 23, 1948
USS LSM-56 July 21, 1944 Sold on October 23, 1948
USS LSM-60 July 29, 1944 Scuttled on July 25, 1946
USS LSM-105 October 21, 1944 Sold on December 10, 1958
USS LSM-110 October 28, 1944 Scrapped on June 9, 1976
USS LSM-115 November 11, 1944 Sold on December 29, 1946
USS LSM-125 November 25, 1944 Scrapped on October 4, 1977
USS LSM-135 April 23, 1944 Sank on May 25, 1945
USS LSM-149 May 27, 1944 Grounded on December 5, 1944
USS LSM-157 — Sank in September 1958 Transferred to Nationalist China in 1949, recommissioned as Mei Le, sunk by Red Chinese artillery 9/1958
USS Kodiak (LSM-161) June 27, 1944 Scrapped on August 14, 1972
USS Oceanside (LSM-175) August 3, 1944 Scrapped in 1989
USS LSM-216 — Scrapped in 1960
USS LSM-217 — Un­known
USS LSM-236 July 4, 1944 Scrapped in 1972
USS LSM-247 — Sold in February 1947
USS LSM-256 — Sank on June 16, 1969 Transferred to Nationalist China in 1949, recommisioned as Mei Hua, sunk in a collision with M.V. Ta Tung 16/6/69
USS LSM-275 September 11, 1944 Scrapped in 1976 Later renamed and reclassified USS Portunus (ARC-1)
USS LSM-297 October 30, 1944 Scrapped in 1958
USS LSM-315 — Un­known
USS LSM-319 — Sank in 1971
USS LSM-333 October 13, 1944 Scuttled on September 17, 2006
USS LSM-335 — — Later USNS LSM-335 (T-AG-335) Assigned Ryukyuan shuttle.[1]
USS LSM-338 December 5, 1944 Scrapped
USS LSM-355 December 2, 1944 Un­known
USS LSM-380 January 13, 1945 Waiting for preservation
USS LSM-397 January 6, 1945 Sold in November 1958
USS Hunting (LSM-398) January 6, 1945 Scrapped after 1983 Later reclassified (E-AG-398)
USS LSM-462 February 3, 1945 Un­known
USS LSM-469 February 17, 1945 Scuttled on February 1, 2003
USS LSM-471 February 17, 1945 Un­known
USS LSM-477 — Sank in 1971
USS LSM-478 March 3, 1945 Un­known
USS Raritan (LSM-540) August 1, 1945 Un­known
USS LSM-547 — Abandoned by 1972

LSM(R)-188-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

 
USS LSM(R)-194 passing under the Cooper River Bridge, Charleston, SC, 2 December 1944
General characteristics
Class and typeLSM(R)-188-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)
Displacement
  • LSM(R)-188 to LSM(R)-195 :
  • 968 long tons (984 t) loaded
  • LSM(R)-196 to LSM(R)-199 :
  • 1,008 long tons (1,024 t) loaded
Length203 ft 6 in (62.03 m)
Beam34 ft (10 m)
Draft
  • 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) forward
  • 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) aft
PropulsionGM Cleveland diesel engines, 2,800 shp (2,088 kW), direct drive, two screws
Speed13.2 knots (24.4 km/h; 15.2 mph)
Range5,000 nmi (9,300 km) at 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph)
Complement5 officers, 76 enlisted
Armament

LSM(R)-401-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

General characteristics
Class and typeLSM-401(R)-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)
Displacement1,175 long tons (1,194 t) loaded
Length203 ft 6 in (62.03 m)
Beam34 ft (10 m)
Draft7 ft 9 in (2.36 m)
PropulsionGM Cleveland diesel engines, 2,800 shp (2,088 kW), direct drive, two screws
Speed13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph)
Range5,000 nmi (9,300 km) at 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph)
Complement6 officers, 137 enlisted
Armament
  • USS Big Black River (LSM(R)-401), later reclassified (LFR-401)
  • USS Big Horn River (LSM(R)-402)
  • USS Blackstone River (LSM(R)-403)
  • USS Black Warrior River (LSM(R)-404), later reclassified (LFR-404)
  • USS Broadkill River (LSM(R)-405), later reclassified (LFR-405)
  • USS Canadian River (LSM(R)-406)
  • USS Chariton River (LSM(R)-407)
  • USS Charles River (LSM(R)-408)
  • USS Clarion River (LSM(R)-409), later reclassified (LFR-409)
  • USS Clark Fork River (LSM(R)-410)
  • USS Cumberland River (LSM(R)-411)
  • USS Desplaines River (LSM(R)-412), later reclassified (LFR-412)

LSM(R)-501-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

 
USS Pee Dee River (LSM(R)-517) underway in 1954
General characteristics
Class and typeLSM-501(R)-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)
Displacement1,175 long tons (1,194 t) loaded
Length203 ft 6 in (62.03 m)
Beam34 ft 6 in (10.52 m)
Draft7 ft 9 in (2.36 m)
PropulsionGM Cleveland diesel engines, 2,800 shp (2,088 kW), direct drive, two screws
Speed13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph)
Range5,000 nmi (9,300 km) at 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph)
Complement6 officers, 137 enlisted
Armament

Gypsy-class Salvage Lifting Vessels

 
USS Gypsy (ARS(D)-1) underway at Houston, Texas, in 1946
General characteristics
Class and typeGypsy-class Salvage Lifting Vessels
Displacement816 long tons (829 t)
Length224 ft 9 in (68.50 m)
Beam34 ft 10 in (10.62 m)
Draft8 ft 4 in (2.54 m)
PropulsionFairbanks-Morse diesel engines, 1,440 shp (1,074 kW), direct drive, two screws
Speed13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph)
Range4,900 nmi (9,100 km) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph)
Complement65 officers and enlisted
Armament2 × 20 mm AA guns

Production

Dates are launch dates.[2]

Delivery:[2]

  • Q2 1944: 74
  • Q3 1944: 129
  • Q4 1944: 132
  • Q1 1945: 111
  • Q2 1945: 58
  • Q3 1945: 30
  • Q4 1945: 15
  • 1946: 9

Legacy

One LSM, USS LSM-45, survived in its original configuration until around 2010. It was in storage at Marine Station Camp Lejeune in Jacksonville, North Carolina. It was slated to become the centerpiece of the Museum of the Marine, but due to changed plans, was scrapped between 2010 and 2014.[citation needed]

Light Amphibious Warship (LAW)

As of February 2023 the US Marine Corps has proposed the purchase of 18 to 35 modern LSMs; this LSM concept was previously known as the Light Amphibious Warship (LAW).[3][4]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Meet the Fleet – USNS LSM-335". Sealift Magazine. Vol. 14, no. 8. Washington, D.C.: Military Sea Transportation Service. August 1964. p. 24. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Landing Ships, Medium - LSM, LSM(R), LSV". Shipbuilding History. 6 January 2018.
  3. ^ Shelbourne, Mallory (February 2023). "Marine Corps Requirements Call for 9 Light Amphibious Ships per Regiment". USNI News. United States Naval Institute.
  4. ^ Grady, John (February 2023). "SECNAV Del Toro 'Excited' About New Landing Ship Mediums". USNI News. United States Naval Institute.

External links

  • Landing Ships ibiblio.org
  • My Life Aboard the LSM-319 by Eugene Carey
  • The Navy's Smallest Aircraft Carrier, July 1958, Popular Mechanics small article on conversion of LSM-445 to a target drone launching vessel

March 04, 2023
landing, ship, medium, this, article, require, cleanup, meet, wikipedia, quality, standards, specific, problem, information, should, included, short, summary, section, table, describing, their, overall, history, please, help, improve, this, article, january, 2. This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia s quality standards The specific problem is information should be included in the short summary section of the table describing their overall history Please help improve this article if you can January 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message A Landing Ship Medium LSM was an amphibious assault ship of the United States Navy in World War II Of a size between that of Landing Ships Tank and Landing Craft Infantry 558 LSMs were built for the USN between 1944 and 1945 Most of vessels built on this frame were regular transports while several dozen were converted during construction to specialized roles Most LSMs were scrapped during the Cold War but several were sold by the United States Department of Defense to foreign nations or private shipping companies OPNAV N95 established a new LSM program in 2020 The new LSM will be 350 to 400 ft long able to operate at 22 knots and have a range of 6500 miles The cost will be much lower than traditional amphibious shipping according to a story in the March 2023 Marine Corps Gazette The piece suggests that a MLR Marine Littoral Regiment would need 9 LSMs As a comparison the Jason class of the Greek Navy is about 380 ft long with a top speed of 18 knots Contents 1 LSM 1 class Landing Ship Medium Transport 1 1 List of LSM 1 class ships 2 LSM R 188 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket 3 LSM R 401 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket 4 LSM R 501 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket 5 Gypsy class Salvage Lifting Vessels 6 Production 7 Legacy 8 Light Amphibious Warship LAW 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksLSM 1 class Landing Ship Medium Transport Edit USS LSM 175 underway off Charleston Navy Yard in 1944General characteristicsClass and typeLSM 1 class Landing Ship MediumDisplacement530 long tons 539 t empty 900 long tons 914 t loadedLength203 ft 6 in 62 03 m Beam34 ft 10 m DraftLanding 3 ft 6 in 1 07 m forward 7 ft 8 in 2 34 m aft Full load 6 ft 4 in 1 93 m forward 8 ft 3 in 2 51 m aftPropulsionFairbanks Morse or GM Cleveland diesel engines 2 800 shp 2 088 kW direct drive 2 screwsSpeed13 3 knots 24 6 km h 15 3 mph Range5 000 nmi 9 300 km at 7 kn 13 km h 8 1 mph Capacity5 medium tanks or 3 heavy tanks 150 tons max payload beaching or 6 LVTs or 9 DUKWsTroops54 troopsComplement4 officers 54 enlistedArmamentUp to 2 40 mm AA guns 4 6 20 mm AA guns typically 4 if Bofors shipped List of LSM 1 class ships Edit In total 558 LSM ships were launched Some notable examples include Name Year launched Fate Short summaryUSS LSM 17 May 7 1944 Sold on November 15 1974USS LSM 19 May 14 1944 Un knownUSS LSM 20 May 14 1944 Sank on December 5 1944USS LSM 45 June 30 1944 Scrapped after 1998USS LSM 46 June 30 1944 Sold on October 23 1948USS LSM 56 July 21 1944 Sold on October 23 1948USS LSM 60 July 29 1944 Scuttled on July 25 1946USS LSM 105 October 21 1944 Sold on December 10 1958USS LSM 110 October 28 1944 Scrapped on June 9 1976USS LSM 115 November 11 1944 Sold on December 29 1946USS LSM 125 November 25 1944 Scrapped on October 4 1977USS LSM 135 April 23 1944 Sank on May 25 1945USS LSM 149 May 27 1944 Grounded on December 5 1944USS LSM 157 Sank in September 1958 Transferred to Nationalist China in 1949 recommissioned as Mei Le sunk by Red Chinese artillery 9 1958USS Kodiak LSM 161 June 27 1944 Scrapped on August 14 1972USS Oceanside LSM 175 August 3 1944 Scrapped in 1989USS LSM 216 Scrapped in 1960USS LSM 217 Un knownUSS LSM 236 July 4 1944 Scrapped in 1972USS LSM 247 Sold in February 1947USS LSM 256 Sank on June 16 1969 Transferred to Nationalist China in 1949 recommisioned as Mei Hua sunk in a collision with M V Ta Tung 16 6 69USS LSM 275 September 11 1944 Scrapped in 1976 Later renamed and reclassified USS Portunus ARC 1 USS LSM 297 October 30 1944 Scrapped in 1958USS LSM 315 Un knownUSS LSM 319 Sank in 1971USS LSM 333 October 13 1944 Scuttled on September 17 2006USS LSM 335 Later USNS LSM 335 T AG 335 Assigned Ryukyuan shuttle 1 USS LSM 338 December 5 1944 ScrappedUSS LSM 355 December 2 1944 Un knownUSS LSM 380 January 13 1945 Waiting for preservationUSS LSM 397 January 6 1945 Sold in November 1958USS Hunting LSM 398 January 6 1945 Scrapped after 1983 Later reclassified E AG 398 USS LSM 462 February 3 1945 Un knownUSS LSM 469 February 17 1945 Scuttled on February 1 2003USS LSM 471 February 17 1945 Un knownUSS LSM 477 Sank in 1971USS LSM 478 March 3 1945 Un knownUSS Raritan LSM 540 August 1 1945 Un knownUSS LSM 547 Abandoned by 1972LSM R 188 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket Edit USS LSM R 194 passing under the Cooper River Bridge Charleston SC 2 December 1944General characteristicsClass and typeLSM R 188 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket DisplacementLSM R 188 to LSM R 195 968 long tons 984 t loaded LSM R 196 to LSM R 199 1 008 long tons 1 024 t loadedLength203 ft 6 in 62 03 m Beam34 ft 10 m Draft5 ft 6 in 1 68 m forward 5 ft 9 in 1 75 m aftPropulsionGM Cleveland diesel engines 2 800 shp 2 088 kW direct drive two screwsSpeed13 2 knots 24 4 km h 15 2 mph Range5 000 nmi 9 300 km at 7 kn 13 km h 8 1 mph Complement5 officers 76 enlistedArmamentLSM R 188 to LSM R 195 1 5 38 caliber gun 2 40 mm AA guns 3 20 mm AA guns 85 Mk 51 automatic rocket launchers LSM R 196 to LSM R 199 1 5 38 caliber gun 2 40 mm AA guns 75 4 rail Mk 36 rocket launchers 30 6 rail Mk 30 rocket launchers 85 Mk 51 automatic rocket launchersUSS LSM R 188 USS LSM R 189 USS LSM R 190 USS LSM R 191 USS LSM R 192 USS LSM R 193 USS LSM R 194 USS LSM R 195 USS LSM R 196 USS LSM R 197 USS LSM R 198 USS LSM R 199LSM R 401 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket EditGeneral characteristicsClass and typeLSM 401 R class Landing Ship Medium Rocket Displacement1 175 long tons 1 194 t loadedLength203 ft 6 in 62 03 m Beam34 ft 10 m Draft7 ft 9 in 2 36 m PropulsionGM Cleveland diesel engines 2 800 shp 2 088 kW direct drive two screwsSpeed13 knots 24 km h 15 mph Range5 000 nmi 9 300 km at 7 kn 13 km h 8 1 mph Complement6 officers 137 enlistedArmament1 5 38 caliber guns 2 40 mm AA guns 4 20 mm AA guns 4 4 2 in 110 mm mortars 8 10 continuous loading 5 inch 130 mm Ship to Shore rocket launchersUSS Big Black River LSM R 401 later reclassified LFR 401 USS Big Horn River LSM R 402 USS Blackstone River LSM R 403 USS Black Warrior River LSM R 404 later reclassified LFR 404 USS Broadkill River LSM R 405 later reclassified LFR 405 USS Canadian River LSM R 406 USS Chariton River LSM R 407 USS Charles River LSM R 408 USS Clarion River LSM R 409 later reclassified LFR 409 USS Clark Fork River LSM R 410 USS Cumberland River LSM R 411 USS Desplaines River LSM R 412 later reclassified LFR 412 LSM R 501 class Landing Ship Medium Rocket Edit USS Pee Dee River LSM R 517 underway in 1954General characteristicsClass and typeLSM 501 R class Landing Ship Medium Rocket Displacement1 175 long tons 1 194 t loadedLength203 ft 6 in 62 03 m Beam34 ft 6 in 10 52 m Draft7 ft 9 in 2 36 m PropulsionGM Cleveland diesel engines 2 800 shp 2 088 kW direct drive two screwsSpeed13 knots 24 km h 15 mph Range5 000 nmi 9 300 km at 7 kn 13 km h 8 1 mph Complement6 officers 137 enlistedArmament1 5 38 caliber gun 4 40 mm AA guns 8 20 mm AA guns 4 4 2 in 110 mm mortars 20 continuous loading 5 inch 130 mm Ship to shore rocket launchersUSS Elk River LSM R 501 later reclassified IX 501 USS Escalanteo River LSM R 502 USS Flambeau River LSM R 503 USS Gila River LSM R 504 USS Grand River LSM R 505 USS Green River LSM R 506 USS Greenbrier River LSM R 507 USS Gunnison River LSM R 508 later reclassified and renamed USS Targeteer YV 3 USS Holston River LSM R 509 USS James River LSM R 510 USS John Day River LSM R 511 USS Lamiolle River LSM R 512 later reclassified LFR 512 USS Laramie River LSM R 513 later reclassified LFR 513 USS Maurice River LSM R 514 USS Owyhee River LSM R 515 later reclassified LFR 515 USS Pearl River LSM R 516 USS Pee Dee River LSM R 517 USS Pit River LSM R 518 USS Powder River LSM R 519 USS Raccoon River LSM R 520 USS Rainy River LSM R 521 USS Red River LSM R 522 later reclassified LFR 522 USS Republican River LSM R 523 USS Saint Croix River LSM R 524 USS St Francis River LSM R 525 later reclassified LFR 525 USS St Johns River LSM R 526 USS St Joseph s River LSM R 527 USS St Mary s River LSM R 528 USS St Regis River LSM R 529 USS Salmon Falls River LSM R 530 USS Smoky Hill River LSM R 531 later reclassified LFR 531 USS Smyrna River LSM R 532 USS Snake River LSM R 533 USS Thames River LSM R 534 USS Trinity River LSM R 535 USS White River LSM R 536 later reclassified LFR 536 Gypsy class Salvage Lifting Vessels Edit USS Gypsy ARS D 1 underway at Houston Texas in 1946General characteristicsClass and typeGypsy class Salvage Lifting VesselsDisplacement816 long tons 829 t Length224 ft 9 in 68 50 m Beam34 ft 10 in 10 62 m Draft8 ft 4 in 2 54 m PropulsionFairbanks Morse diesel engines 1 440 shp 1 074 kW direct drive two screwsSpeed13 knots 24 km h 15 mph Range4 900 nmi 9 100 km at 12 kn 22 km h 14 mph Complement65 officers and enlistedArmament2 20 mm AA gunsUSS Gypsy ARS D 1 authorized as LSM 549 USS Mender ARS D 2 authorized as LSM 550 USS Salvager ARS D 3 authorized as LSM 551 later reclassified to YMLC 3 USS Windlass ARS D 4 authorized as LSM 552 later reclassified to YMLC 4Production EditDates are launch dates 2 Brown Shipbuilding Houston TX 254 May 1944 Apr 1946 purpose built yard for the war effort Charleston Navy Yard North Charleston SC 121 May 1944 Nov 1945 traditional military yard Dravo Corporation Wilmington DE 65 Apr 1944 May 1945 purpose built yard for the war effort Pullman Company Chicago IL 44 May 1944 May 1945 traditional rail car manufacturer Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company Newark NJ 42 May 1944 Feb 1945 traditional civil and military yard Western Pipe and Steel San Pedro CA 32 Aug 1944 Mar 1945 traditional civil yardDelivery 2 Q2 1944 74 Q3 1944 129 Q4 1944 132 Q1 1945 111 Q2 1945 58 Q3 1945 30 Q4 1945 15 1946 9Legacy EditOne LSM USS LSM 45 survived in its original configuration until around 2010 It was in storage at Marine Station Camp Lejeune in Jacksonville North Carolina It was slated to become the centerpiece of the Museum of the Marine but due to changed plans was scrapped between 2010 and 2014 citation needed Light Amphibious Warship LAW EditAs of February 2023 the US Marine Corps has proposed the purchase of 18 to 35 modern LSMs this LSM concept was previously known as the Light Amphibious Warship LAW 3 4 See also EditLanding Ship Infantry Mark 8 Landing Craft TankReferences Edit Meet the Fleet USNS LSM 335 Sealift Magazine Vol 14 no 8 Washington D C Military Sea Transportation Service August 1964 p 24 Retrieved 29 December 2020 a b Landing Ships Medium LSM LSM R LSV Shipbuilding History 6 January 2018 Shelbourne Mallory February 2023 Marine Corps Requirements Call for 9 Light Amphibious Ships per Regiment USNI News United States Naval Institute Grady John February 2023 SECNAV Del Toro Excited About New Landing Ship Mediums USNI News United States Naval Institute LSM LSMR WWII Amphibious Forces Turner Publishing Co Paducah Kentucky ISBN 1 56311 140 3 Jane s Fighting Ships 1980 81 US Navy ONI 226 Allied Landing Craft and Ships April 1944External links EditUSS LSM LSMR Association NavSource Photo Archives Landing Ships ibiblio org My Life Aboard the LSM 319 by Eugene Carey The Navy s Smallest Aircraft Carrier July 1958 Popular Mechanics small article on conversion of LSM 445 to a target drone launching vessel Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Landing Ship Medium amp oldid 1141725270 LSM 28R 29 501 Class Landing Ship Medium 28Rocket 29, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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