Despite being the most species-rich group of dicynodonts in the Triassic Period, kannemeyeriiforms exhibit much less diversity in terms of their anatomy and ecological roles than the dicynodonts from the Permian Period.
Lystrosauridae is thought to be the most closely related group (sister taxon) to Kannemeyeriiformes, and since the earliest lystrosaurids are known from the Late Permian, the divergence of these two groups must have occurred at least as far back as this time, implying that a long ghost lineage must exist.[1] Although no kannemeyeriiforms have been found in the Late Permian yet, the recent discovery of Sungeodon helps fill a gap in the early fossil record of the group by showing that kannemeyeriiforms diversified right after the Permian-Triassic extinction event.[2]
Classification
Four families have been included in the group: Kannemeyeriidae, Shansiodontidae, Stahleckeriidae, and Dinodontosauridae.[3] Occasionally some of these families are not recognized, with most kannemeyeriiforms being placed in Kannemeyeriidae.[4] Recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that these families represent similar body plans or morphotypes rather than true evolutionary groupings.[1]
Phylogeny
Below is a cladogram from Kammerer et al. (2013):[1]
^ abcKammerer, C. F.; Fröbisch, J. R.; Angielczyk, K. D. (2013). Farke, Andrew A (ed.). "On the Validity and Phylogenetic Position of Eubrachiosaurus browni, a Kannemeyeriiform Dicynodont (Anomodontia) from Triassic North America". PLOS ONE. 8 (5): e64203. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...864203K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064203. PMC3669350. PMID 23741307.
^Maisch, M. W.; Matzke, A. T. (2014). "Sungeodon kimkraemerae n. gen. n. sp., the oldest kannemeyeriiform (Therapsida, Dicynodontia) and its implications for the early diversification of large herbivores after the P/T boundary". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 272: 1. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2014/0394. edit
^Zavattieri, A. M.; Arcucci, A. B. (2007). "Edad y posición estratigráfica de los tetrápodos del cerro Bayo de Potrerillos (Triásico), Mendoza, Argentina". Ameghiniana. 44: 133–142. ISSN 1851-8044.
^Surkov, M.V.; Benton, M.J. (2008). "Head kinematics and feeding adaptations of the Permian and Triassic dicynodonts". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (4): 1120–1129. doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1120. S2CID 85792653.
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kannemeyeriiformes, group, large, bodied, triassic, dicynodonts, clade, been, defined, include, species, kannemeyeria, simocephalus, dicynodonts, more, closely, related, than, species, lystrosaurus, murrayi, kannemeyeriiformstemporal, range, triassic, preꞒ, nr. Kannemeyeriiformes is a group of large bodied Triassic dicynodonts As a clade Kannemeyeriiformes has been defined to include the species Kannemeyeria simocephalus and all dicynodonts more closely related to it than to the species Lystrosaurus murrayi KannemeyeriiformsTemporal range Triassic 252 201 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NRestoration of Stahleckeria potensScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClade SynapsidaClade TherapsidaSuborder AnomodontiaClade DicynodontiaInfraorder DicynodontoideaClade Kannemeyeriiformesvon Huene 1948Subgroups Angonisaurus Dinodontosaurus Dolichuranus Kannemeyeria Parakannemeyeria Rabidosaurus Rechnisaurus Repelinosaurus Rhadiodromus Sinokannemeyeria Uralokannemeyeria Wadiasaurus Xiyukannemeyeria Shansiodontidae Stahleckeriidae Contents 1 Evolutionary history 2 Classification 2 1 Phylogeny 3 ReferencesEvolutionary history EditDespite being the most species rich group of dicynodonts in the Triassic Period kannemeyeriiforms exhibit much less diversity in terms of their anatomy and ecological roles than the dicynodonts from the Permian Period Lystrosauridae is thought to be the most closely related group sister taxon to Kannemeyeriiformes and since the earliest lystrosaurids are known from the Late Permian the divergence of these two groups must have occurred at least as far back as this time implying that a long ghost lineage must exist 1 Although no kannemeyeriiforms have been found in the Late Permian yet the recent discovery of Sungeodon helps fill a gap in the early fossil record of the group by showing that kannemeyeriiforms diversified right after the Permian Triassic extinction event 2 Classification EditFour families have been included in the group Kannemeyeriidae Shansiodontidae Stahleckeriidae and Dinodontosauridae 3 Occasionally some of these families are not recognized with most kannemeyeriiforms being placed in Kannemeyeriidae 4 Recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that these families represent similar body plans or morphotypes rather than true evolutionary groupings 1 Phylogeny Edit Below is a cladogram from Kammerer et al 2013 1 Kannemeyeriiformes AngonisaurusShansiodontidae TetragoniasVinceriaShansiodonRhinodicynodonDinodontosaurusShaanbeikannemeyeriaKannemeyeria simocephalusKannemeyeria lophorhinusParakannemeyeriaXiyukannemeyeriaDolichuranusRechnisaurusUralokannemeyeriaRhadiodromusSinokannemeyeriaRabidosaurusWadiasaurusStahleckeriidae Placeriinae ZambiasaurusPlaceriasMoghreberiaStahleckeriinae StahleckeriaEubrachiosaurusSangusaurusJachaleriaIschigualastiaReferences Edit a b c Kammerer C F Frobisch J R Angielczyk K D 2013 Farke Andrew A ed On the Validity and Phylogenetic Position of Eubrachiosaurus browni a Kannemeyeriiform Dicynodont Anomodontia from Triassic North America PLOS ONE 8 5 e64203 Bibcode 2013PLoSO 864203K doi 10 1371 journal pone 0064203 PMC 3669350 PMID 23741307 Maisch M W Matzke A T 2014 Sungeodon kimkraemerae n gen n sp the oldest kannemeyeriiform Therapsida Dicynodontia and its implications for the early diversification of large herbivores after the P T boundary Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen 272 1 doi 10 1127 0077 7749 2014 0394 edit Zavattieri A M Arcucci A B 2007 Edad y posicion estratigrafica de los tetrapodos del cerro Bayo de Potrerillos Triasico Mendoza Argentina Ameghiniana 44 133 142 ISSN 1851 8044 Surkov M V Benton M J 2008 Head kinematics and feeding adaptations of the Permian and Triassic dicynodonts Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 4 1120 1129 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 28 4 1120 S2CID 85792653 This Anomodont related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kannemeyeriiformes amp oldid 1127119802, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
