Brasenia is a perennial aquatic plant with floating, peltate leaves and rhizomatous stems. It is identified by its bright green leaves, small purple flowers that bloom from June through September, and a thick mucilage that covers all of the underwater organs, including the underside of the leaves, stems, and developing buds. This mucilage may be an anti-herbivore defence trait,[9] perhaps to deter snail grazing. It grows in shallow water of lakes, rivers and beaver ponds, particularly those with somewhat acidic water.
Brasenia exhibits wind pollination. The flowers have a two-day blooming period. On the first day, the functionally female, or pistillate flower, extends above the surface of the water and exposes the receptive stigmas. The flower then recedes below the water surface and on the following day emerges as a functionally male, or staminate flower. It is elevated higher than on the previous day and the anther-bearing filaments are extended beyond the female carpels.[10] The anthers dehisce, releasing the pollen, and the flower is then withdrawn below the water where the fruit develops.
UsesEdit
Brasenia is cultivated as a vegetable in China (where it is known as 莼菜, Pinyin: chúncài) and where it is used in Hangzhou in the well-known local speciality "West Lake Water Shield Soup" (西湖莼菜汤)[11] and in Japan (where it is known as junsai).
The mucilage it produces has been found to have anti-algal and anti-bacterial properties that may be useful as a natural weed control [12]
HistoryEdit
Species of Brasenia occurred during the interglacial of Europe, but like many other aquatic plant species and genera, it does not occur there now.[13]
NameEdit
Brasenia schreberi (syn. B. nymphoides, B. peltata) has the common name water-shield (also watershield or water shield).
The genus may commemorate the surgeon and Moravian missionary Christoph Brasen (1738-1774), who was the first superintendent of the Moravian mission at Nain in Labrador.[14]
^ abKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
^Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 119, 莼菜属 chun cai shu, Brasenia Schreber, Gen. Pl. 1: 372. 1789.
^Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Japan IIa: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
^Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
^Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
^Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
^Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Figure 6.9
^Taylor,Mackenzie L. and Jeffrey M. Osborn. 2006. Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales). American Journal of Botany 93: 344-356
^. Archived from the original on 2014-08-21. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^Elakovich, Stella D.; Wooten, Jean W. (September 1987). "An examination of the phytotoxicity of the water shield,Brasenia schreberi". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 13 (9): 1935–1940. doi:10.1007/BF01014676. ISSN 0098-0331. PMID 24302458. S2CID 37729620.
^Sculthorpe, C. D. 1967. The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants. Reprinted 1985 Edward Arnold, by London. p. 404.
^Pringle, James S. Possible eponymy of the generic name Brasenia Schreb. in Sida. vol. 16. no. 3. pp. 597-600. 1995. [1]
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brasenia.
Jepson Manual Treatment
USDA Plants Profile
Photo gallery
September 02, 2023
brasenia, commonly, known, watershield, genus, belonging, family, cabombaceae, consisting, species, schreberi, widely, distributed, north, america, west, indies, northern, south, america, venezuela, guyana, eastern, asia, china, japan, korea, primorye, austral. Brasenia commonly known as watershield is a genus belonging to the family Cabombaceae consisting of one species Brasenia schreberi It is widely distributed in North America the West Indies northern South America Venezuela Guyana eastern Asia China Japan Korea Primorye Australia the Indian Subcontinent and parts of Africa 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BraseniaConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsOrder NymphaealesFamily CabombaceaeGenus BraseniaSchreb Species B schreberiBinomial nameBrasenia schreberiJ F Gmel Synonyms 2 Barteria Welw Brasenia hydropeltis Muhl Brasenia nymphoides Baill Brasenia purpurea Michx Casp Brasenia pelta Casp For sale in a Japanese supermarket 2014Brasenia is a perennial aquatic plant with floating peltate leaves and rhizomatous stems It is identified by its bright green leaves small purple flowers that bloom from June through September and a thick mucilage that covers all of the underwater organs including the underside of the leaves stems and developing buds This mucilage may be an anti herbivore defence trait 9 perhaps to deter snail grazing It grows in shallow water of lakes rivers and beaver ponds particularly those with somewhat acidic water Junsai with visible mucilage Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Uses 3 History 4 Name 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksCharacteristics Edit nbsp Ponds along Attikamek Trail at Sault Ste Marie CanalBrasenia exhibits wind pollination The flowers have a two day blooming period On the first day the functionally female or pistillate flower extends above the surface of the water and exposes the receptive stigmas The flower then recedes below the water surface and on the following day emerges as a functionally male or staminate flower It is elevated higher than on the previous day and the anther bearing filaments are extended beyond the female carpels 10 The anthers dehisce releasing the pollen and the flower is then withdrawn below the water where the fruit develops Uses EditBrasenia is cultivated as a vegetable in China where it is known as 莼菜 Pinyin chuncai and where it is used in Hangzhou in the well known local speciality West Lake Water Shield Soup 西湖莼菜汤 11 and in Japan where it is known as junsai The mucilage it produces has been found to have anti algal and anti bacterial properties that may be useful as a natural weed control 12 History EditSpecies of Brasenia occurred during the interglacial of Europe but like many other aquatic plant species and genera it does not occur there now 13 Name EditBrasenia schreberi syn B nymphoides B peltata has the common name water shield also watershield or water shield The genus may commemorate the surgeon and Moravian missionary Christoph Brasen 1738 1774 who was the first superintendent of the Moravian mission at Nain in Labrador 14 See also EditList of vegetablesReferences Edit Maiz Tome L 2016 Brasenia schreberi The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T185681A78457027 https dx doi org 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 1 RLTS T185681A78457027 en Downloaded on 14 July 2018 a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map Flora of China Vol 6 Page 119 莼菜属 chun cai shu Brasenia Schreber Gen Pl 1 372 1789 Iwatsuki K Boufford D E amp Ohba H eds 2006 Flora of Japan IIa 1 550 Kodansha Ltd Tokyo Hokche O Berry P E amp Huber O eds 2008 Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela 1 859 Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela Figueiredo E amp Smith G F 2008 Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22 1 279 National Botanical Institute Pretoria Acevedo Rodriguez P amp Strong M T 2012 Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98 1 1192 Keddy P A 2010 Wetland Ecology Principles and Conservation 2nd edition Cambridge University Press Cambridge UK Figure 6 9 Taylor Mackenzie L and Jeffrey M Osborn 2006 Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia Cabombaceae Nymphaeales American Journal of Botany 93 344 356 Hangzhou Cuisine Archived from the original on 2014 08 21 Retrieved 22 April 2014 Elakovich Stella D Wooten Jean W September 1987 An examination of the phytotoxicity of the water shield Brasenia schreberi Journal of Chemical Ecology 13 9 1935 1940 doi 10 1007 BF01014676 ISSN 0098 0331 PMID 24302458 S2CID 37729620 Sculthorpe C D 1967 The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants Reprinted 1985 Edward Arnold by London p 404 Pringle James S Possible eponymy of the generic name Brasenia Schreb in Sida vol 16 no 3 pp 597 600 1995 1 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brasenia Washington State Department of Ecology Brasenia schreberi Jepson Manual Treatment USDA Plants Profile Photo gallery Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Brasenia amp oldid 1171437793, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
