Juniperus procera (known by the common English names African juniper, African pencil-cedar, East African juniper, East African-cedar, and Kenya-cedar)[4] is a coniferous tree native to mountainous areas in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It is a characteristic tree of the Afromontane flora.
Juniperus procera is a medium-sized tree reaching 20–25 metres (66–82 feet) (rarely 40 m or 130 ft) tall, with a trunk up to 1.5–2 m (5–6+1⁄2 ft) diameter and a broadly conical to rounded or irregular crown. The leaves are of two forms, juvenile needle-like leaves 8–15 millimetres (3⁄8–5⁄8 in) long on seedlings, and adult scale-leaves 0.5–3 mm long on older plants, arranged in decussate pairs or whorls of three. It is largely dioecious with separate male and female plants, but some individual plants produce both sexes. The cones are berry-like, 4–8 mm in diameter, blue-black with a whitish waxy bloom, and contain 2–5 seeds; they mature in 12–18 months. The male cones are 3–5 mm long, and shed their pollen in early spring.[5]
It is the only juniper to occur south of the equator, and is thought to be a relatively recent colonist of Africa; the species shows very little of the variability associated with a long period of evolution.[6] It is closely related to Juniperus excelsa from southwestern Asia, probably deriving from a common ancestor with that species in southwestern Asia.[citation needed]
Taxonomyedit
According to Tropicos, Juniperus procera was originally described and published in Synopsis Coniferarum 1847. The type specimen was collected from Ethiopia, by "Schimper" (possibly Wilhelm Philipp Schimper, but there were other contemporary collectors with this surname).[2][7]
Usesedit
It is an important timber tree, used for building houses, poles, and furniture. The bark is used for beehives.[8]
East African juniper, northern Tanzania
East African juniper, northern Tanzania
East African juniper, northern Tanzania
East African juniper, used as termite resistant fence stakes
Referencesedit
^Farjon, A. (2013). "Juniperus procera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T33217A2835242. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T33217A2835242.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ ab"Name – Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 1, 2013. Type-Protologue: Locality: ETHIOPIA: Semen, Adda Mariam near Enschedcap: Collector: Schimper
^"TPL, treatment of Juniperus procera". The Plant List; Version 1. (published on the internet). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. 2010. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
^(Page archived by the Wayback Machine). Christopher J. Earle (April 14, 2009). . Archived from the original on September 3, 2010. Retrieved March 1, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^Farjon, A. (2005). Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN1-84246-068-4.
^Original description by Stephano Endlicher (1847). "Synopsis Coniferarum" (in Latin). Sangalli [together with] Scheitlin & Zollikofer. p. 26. Retrieved March 1, 2013. Schimper Herb. Abyssin. II. n. 537
^. Archived from the original on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
Further readingedit
Adams, R. P. (2004). Junipers of the World: The genus Juniperus. Victoria: Trafford. ISBN1-4120-4250-X
External linksedit
Media related to Juniperus procera at Wikimedia Commons
January 01, 1970
juniperus, procera, known, common, english, names, african, juniper, african, pencil, cedar, east, african, juniper, east, african, cedar, kenya, cedar, coniferous, tree, native, mountainous, areas, africa, arabian, peninsula, characteristic, tree, afromontane. Juniperus procera known by the common English names African juniper African pencil cedar East African juniper East African cedar and Kenya cedar 4 is a coniferous tree native to mountainous areas in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula It is a characteristic tree of the Afromontane flora Juniperus procera Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Gymnospermae Division Pinophyta Class Pinopsida Order Cupressales Family Cupressaceae Genus Juniperus Section Juniperus sect Sabina Species J procera Binomial name Juniperus proceraHochst ex Endl 2 Synonyms 3 Juniperus abyssinica K Koch J hochstetteri Antoine Sabina procera Hochst ex Endl Antoine Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Taxonomy 4 Uses 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksDescription editJuniperus procera is a medium sized tree reaching 20 25 metres 66 82 feet rarely 40 m or 130 ft tall with a trunk up to 1 5 2 m 5 6 1 2 ft diameter and a broadly conical to rounded or irregular crown The leaves are of two forms juvenile needle like leaves 8 15 millimetres 3 8 5 8 in long on seedlings and adult scale leaves 0 5 3 mm long on older plants arranged in decussate pairs or whorls of three It is largely dioecious with separate male and female plants but some individual plants produce both sexes The cones are berry like 4 8 mm in diameter blue black with a whitish waxy bloom and contain 2 5 seeds they mature in 12 18 months The male cones are 3 5 mm long and shed their pollen in early spring 5 Distribution editJuniperus procera is native to the Arabian Peninsula in Saudi Arabia and Yemen and northeastern eastern west central and south tropical Africa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo the Republic of the Congo Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Malawi Mozambique Somalia Somaliland Sudan Tanzania Uganda Zambia and Zimbabwe 4 It is the only juniper to occur south of the equator and is thought to be a relatively recent colonist of Africa the species shows very little of the variability associated with a long period of evolution 6 It is closely related to Juniperus excelsa from southwestern Asia probably deriving from a common ancestor with that species in southwestern Asia citation needed Taxonomy editAccording to Tropicos Juniperus procera was originally described and published in Synopsis Coniferarum 1847 The type specimen was collected from Ethiopia by Schimper possibly Wilhelm Philipp Schimper but there were other contemporary collectors with this surname 2 7 Uses editIt is an important timber tree used for building houses poles and furniture The bark is used for beehives 8 nbsp East African juniper northern Tanzania nbsp East African juniper northern Tanzania nbsp East African juniper northern Tanzania nbsp East African juniper used as termite resistant fence stakesReferences edit Farjon A 2013 Juniperus procera IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 e T33217A2835242 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2013 1 RLTS T33217A2835242 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 a b Name Juniperus procera Hochst ex Endl Tropicos Saint Louis Missouri Missouri Botanical Garden Retrieved March 1 2013 Type Protologue Locality ETHIOPIA Semen Adda Mariam near Enschedcap Collector Schimper TPL treatment of Juniperus procera The Plant List Version 1 published on the internet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden 2010 Retrieved March 1 2013 a b Juniperus procera Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved March 1 2013 Page archived by the Wayback Machine Christopher J Earle April 14 2009 The Gymnosperm Database Juniperus procera Archived from the original on September 3 2010 Retrieved March 1 2013 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Farjon A 2005 Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys Royal Botanic Gardens Kew ISBN 1 84246 068 4 Original description by Stephano Endlicher 1847 Synopsis Coniferarum in Latin Sangalli together with Scheitlin amp Zollikofer p 26 Retrieved March 1 2013 Schimper Herb Abyssin II n 537 Inmagic DB Text WebPublisher PRO 1 records Archived from the original on 2014 12 10 Retrieved 2022 07 11 Further reading editAdams R P 2004 Junipers of the World The genus Juniperus Victoria Trafford ISBN 1 4120 4250 XExternal links edit nbsp Media related to Juniperus procera at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Juniperus procera amp oldid 1194538031, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
