General elections were held in Bangladesh on 12 June 1996. The result was a victory for the Bangladesh Awami League, which won 146 of the 300 seats, beginning Sheikh Hasina's first-term as Prime Minister. Voter turnout was 74.96%, the highest to date.[1] This election was the second to be held in 1996, following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier.
In 1996, the 330 members of the Jatiya Sangsad consisted of 300 directly elected seats using first-past-the-post voting in single-member constituencies,[2] and an additional 30 seats reserved for women. The reserved seats are distributed based on the election results.[3] Each parliament sits for a five-year term.
Backgroundedit
The June 1996 election marked the second general election to be held within only a four-month period. Previously in February, a general election had been held which was boycotted by all major opposition parties. The opposition were demanding the installation of a neutral caretaker government to oversee the election, citing a 1994 by-election (which they alleged to have been rigged) as evidence of the BNP's inability to hold a free and fair election. Despite the boycott the February election went ahead and the incumbent Prime Minister Khaleda Zia's BNP was re-elected for the second term in a landslide victory, with the majority of seats uncontested. The voting was denounced as unfair by the three main opposition parties and the voter turnout was the lowest in Bangladesh's parliamentary electoral history at only 21%.
Following the election, President Abdur Rahman Biswas invited Zia to form a government, but this administration was short-lived, lasting only 12 days.[4] A series of hartals (strikes) were called by the other parties and an indefinite non-cooperation movement was called until demands for a new, free election was met. On 25 March 1996, following escalating political turmoil, the sitting Parliament enacted the thirteenth constitutional amendment to allow a neutral caretaker government to assume power and conduct new parliamentary elections. On 30 March the President appointed former Chief Justice Muhammad Habibur Rahman as Chief Advisor (a position equivalent to prime minister) in the interim government. A new election was scheduled for 12 June 1996.
Campaignedit
During the election campaign there was an attempted coup d'état by the military.[5] On 12 May, President Biswas fired General Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim, Chief of the Staff of the Army, due to his refusal to carry out a presidential order to retire two of his generals who were alleged to be consorting with political parties in violation of military rules. Nasim revolted against the President and organised troops loyal to him. Consequently, President Biswas dismissed Nasim and appointed a new chief of staff. Troops loyal to the President were mobilised to protect Government institutions in the capital and Nasim was arrested by military police and the attempted coup d'état failed.
The elections were won by the Bangladesh Awami League, who were just shy of a simple parliamentary majority, winning 146 (of the required 151 for a majority) seats. The election was close in terms of popular vote share between Awami League and BNP, with a difference of less than 4%. However, as a result of first-past-the-post voting, Awami League secured a 30-seat lead above BNP. The election saw a high voter turnout of ~74%.[7]
With the support of Jatiya Party,[8] the leader of Awami League, Sheikh Hasina, was invited to form a government on 23 June, beginning her first term as Prime Minister. The first sitting of the seventh parliament of Bangladesh was subsequently held on 14 July 1996.[4]
Of the 300 directly elected seats, only eight were won by female candidates.[9][7] An additional 30 seats were reserved in the Jatiya Sangsad for women, of which 27 were awarded to Awami League and rest to Jatiya Party.[9][7]
Hasina's administration completed its full five-year term (the first parliamentary administration to ever do so[10]) and the next elections were held in October 2001.
^Ahmed, Nizam; Hasan, Sadik (2018). "Alangkar or Ahangkar? Reserved-Seat Women Members in the Bangladesh Parliament" (PDF). In Ahmed, Nizam (ed.). Women in Governing Institions in South Asia. Springer. p. 18. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57475-2_2. ISBN978-3-319-57474-5.
^ ab. 2018-08-12. Archived from the original on 2018-08-12. Retrieved 2018-12-27.
^Kochanek, Stanley A. (February 1997). "Bangladesh in 1996: The 25th Year of Independence". Asian Survey. 37 (2): 136–142. doi:10.2307/2645479. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 2645479.
^"After steering Awami League to power, Sheikh Hasina now faces political, economic challenges". India Today. 15 July 1996.
^ abKumar Panday, Pranab (1 September 2008). "Representation without Participation: Quotas for Women in Bangladesh". International Political Science Review. 29 (4): 489–512. doi:10.1177/0192512108095724. S2CID 220874021.
june, 1996, bangladeshi, general, election, general, elections, were, held, bangladesh, june, 1996, result, victory, bangladesh, awami, league, which, seats, beginning, sheikh, hasina, first, term, prime, minister, voter, turnout, highest, date, this, election. General elections were held in Bangladesh on 12 June 1996 The result was a victory for the Bangladesh Awami League which won 146 of the 300 seats beginning Sheikh Hasina s first term as Prime Minister Voter turnout was 74 96 the highest to date 1 This election was the second to be held in 1996 following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier June 1996 Bangladeshi general election February 1996 12 June 1996 2001 All 300 seats in the Jatiya Sangsad151 seats needed for a majorityRegistered56 716 935Turnout75 60 54 63pp First party Second party Third party Leader Sheikh Hasina Khaleda Zia H M ErshadParty AL BNP JP E Last election Boycotted 278 seats BoycottedSeats won 146 116 32Seat change 146 162 32Popular vote 15 882 792 14 255 986 6 954 981Percentage 37 44 33 63 16 40 Results by constituencyPrime Minister before electionKhaleda ZiaBNP Subsequent Prime Minister Sheikh HasinaAL Contents 1 Electoral system 2 Background 3 Campaign 4 Results 5 Aftermath 6 ReferencesElectoral system editIn 1996 the 330 members of the Jatiya Sangsad consisted of 300 directly elected seats using first past the post voting in single member constituencies 2 and an additional 30 seats reserved for women The reserved seats are distributed based on the election results 3 Each parliament sits for a five year term Background editThe June 1996 election marked the second general election to be held within only a four month period Previously in February a general election had been held which was boycotted by all major opposition parties The opposition were demanding the installation of a neutral caretaker government to oversee the election citing a 1994 by election which they alleged to have been rigged as evidence of the BNP s inability to hold a free and fair election Despite the boycott the February election went ahead and the incumbent Prime Minister Khaleda Zia s BNP was re elected for the second term in a landslide victory with the majority of seats uncontested The voting was denounced as unfair by the three main opposition parties and the voter turnout was the lowest in Bangladesh s parliamentary electoral history at only 21 Following the election President Abdur Rahman Biswas invited Zia to form a government but this administration was short lived lasting only 12 days 4 A series of hartals strikes were called by the other parties and an indefinite non cooperation movement was called until demands for a new free election was met On 25 March 1996 following escalating political turmoil the sitting Parliament enacted the thirteenth constitutional amendment to allow a neutral caretaker government to assume power and conduct new parliamentary elections On 30 March the President appointed former Chief Justice Muhammad Habibur Rahman as Chief Advisor a position equivalent to prime minister in the interim government A new election was scheduled for 12 June 1996 Campaign editDuring the election campaign there was an attempted coup d etat by the military 5 On 12 May President Biswas fired General Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim Chief of the Staff of the Army due to his refusal to carry out a presidential order to retire two of his generals who were alleged to be consorting with political parties in violation of military rules Nasim revolted against the President and organised troops loyal to him Consequently President Biswas dismissed Nasim and appointed a new chief of staff Troops loyal to the President were mobilised to protect Government institutions in the capital and Nasim was arrested by military police and the attempted coup d etat failed A total of 2 574 candidates contested the elections The Awami League Bangladesh Nationalist Party and Jamaat e Islami Bangladesh all put forward full slates of 300 candidates The Jatiya Party ran 293 candidate Islami Oikkya Jote 166 and Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal Rab 67 with other minor parties nominating a combined 864 candidates 284 candidates ran as independents 6 Results editThe elections were won by the Bangladesh Awami League who were just shy of a simple parliamentary majority winning 146 of the required 151 for a majority seats The election was close in terms of popular vote share between Awami League and BNP with a difference of less than 4 However as a result of first past the post voting Awami League secured a 30 seat lead above BNP The election saw a high voter turnout of 74 7 With the support of Jatiya Party 8 the leader of Awami League Sheikh Hasina was invited to form a government on 23 June beginning her first term as Prime Minister The first sitting of the seventh parliament of Bangladesh was subsequently held on 14 July 1996 4 Of the 300 directly elected seats only eight were won by female candidates 9 7 An additional 30 seats were reserved in the Jatiya Sangsad for women of which 27 were awarded to Awami League and rest to Jatiya Party 9 7 nbsp PartyVotes Seats Awami League15 882 79237 44146NewBangladesh Nationalist Party14 255 98633 61116 184Jatiya Party6 954 98116 4032NewBangladesh Jamaat e Islami3 653 0138 613NewIslami Oikya Jote461 5171 091NewJaker Party167 5970 400NewJatiya Samajtantrik Dal Rab 97 9160 231NewWorkers Party of Bangladesh56 4040 130NewGano Forum54 2500 130NewJatiya Samajtantrik Dal Inu 50 9440 120NewCommunist Party of Bangladesh48 5490 110NewJamiat Ulema e Islam Bangladesh45 5850 110NewSammilita Sangram Parishad40 8030 100NewBangladesh Freedom Party38 9740 090NewSamridhya Bangladesh Andolon27 0830 060NewBangladesh Islami Front23 6960 060NewBangladesh Khilafat Andolan18 3970 040NewBangladesh Jatiyabadi Awami League11 1900 030NewIslami Shasantantra Andolon11 1590 030NewBangladesher Samajtantrik Dal Khalekuzzaman 10 2340 020NewBangladesh Samajtantrik Dal Mahbub 6 7910 020NewBangladesh National Awami Party NAP Bashani 5 9480 010NewBangladesh Muslim League Jamir Ali 4 5800 010NewGanotantri Party4 1140 010NewBangladesh National Awami Party NAP 3 6200 010NewDemocratic Republican Party3 6050 010NewBangladesh Janata Party3 3640 010NewJatiya Janata Party Nurul Islam 2 9860 010NewJatiya Janata Party Sheikh Asad 2 3950 010NewSocial Democratic Party1 9380 000NewBangladesh Gano Azadi League1 6830 000NewProgotisil Jatiata Badi Dal1 5150 000NewHak Kathar Mancha1 3400 000NewBangladesh Samyabadi Dal Marxist Leninst 1 1480 000NewSramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal9640 000NewCommunist Kendra8880 000NewJatiya Biplobi Front6310 000NewSaat Dalya Jote Mirpur 6020 000NewBangladesh Hindu League5700 000NewBangladesh Peoples Party5580 000NewBangladesh Bekar Samaj5480 000NewBangladesh Tafsil Jati Federation S K Mandal 5370 000NewDesh Prem Party5320 000NewGanotantrik Sarbahara Party5020 000NewBangladesh Jatiya League Sobhan 4180 000NewJana Dal3950 000NewJatiya Samajtantrik Dal Mahiuddin 3930 000NewJatiya Seba Dal3650 000NewNational Democratic Party3530 000NewBangladesh Krisak Sramik Janata Party2940 000NewIslami Al Zihad Dal2880 000NewBangladesh Sarbahara Party2480 000NewJatiya Daridra Party2440 000NewSramajibi Oikya Forum2290 000NewIslamic Dal Bangladesh Saifur 2210 000NewBangladesh People s League2130 000NewBangladesh Samajtantrik Samsad Darshan Shava 2090 000NewBangladesh Krishak Sramik Mukti Andolon1890 000NewGano Oikkya Front Guff 1860 000NewBangladesh Mehanati Front1730 000NewBangladesh Tafsili Federation Sudir 1500 000NewPeople s Muslim League1400 000NewNational Awami Party NAP Bhashani 1380 000NewQuran Dorshion Sangshta Bangladesh1370 000NewProgatishil Gonotantrik Shakti1340 000NewBangladesh Islami Party1320 000NewBangladesh Jatiya Agragati Party1310 000NewOikya Prokria1120 000NewBangladesh Bashani Adarsha Bastabayan Parishad1070 000NewBangladesh Bastuhara Parishad1050 000NewBangladesh National Congress990 000NewQuran Sunna Bastabayan Party820 000NewBangladesh Tanjimul Muslimin810 000NewSamridhya Bangladesh Babosai Samproday480 000NewBashani Front450 000NewBangladesh Krishak Raj Islami Party330 000NewNational Patriotic Party310 000NewBangladesh Islami Biplobi Parishad290 000NewTaherikay Olama e Bangladesh290 000NewUnited People s Party260 000NewBangladesh Manabodjikar Dal200 000NewIndependents449 6181 061NewTotal42 418 274100 003000Valid votes42 418 27498 92Invalid blank votes462 3021 08Total votes42 880 576100 00Registered voters turnout56 716 93575 60Source Bangladesh Election CommissionAftermath editHasina s administration completed its full five year term the first parliamentary administration to ever do so 10 and the next elections were held in October 2001 References edit Election Publication PDF Election Commission 2016 Electoral system IPU Ahmed Nizam Hasan Sadik 2018 Alangkar or Ahangkar Reserved Seat Women Members in the Bangladesh Parliament PDF In Ahmed Nizam ed Women in Governing Institions in South Asia Springer p 18 doi 10 1007 978 3 319 57475 2 2 ISBN 978 3 319 57474 5 a b Tenure of All Parliaments 2018 08 12 Archived from the original on 2018 08 12 Retrieved 2018 12 27 Kochanek Stanley A February 1997 Bangladesh in 1996 The 25th Year of Independence Asian Survey 37 2 136 142 doi 10 2307 2645479 ISSN 0004 4687 JSTOR 2645479 Statistical Report 7th Jatiya Shangshad election Bangladesh Election Commission a b c BANGLADESH parliamentary elections Jatiya Sangsad 1996 archive ipu org Inter Parliamentary Union Retrieved 2018 12 27 After steering Awami League to power Sheikh Hasina now faces political economic challenges India Today 15 July 1996 a b Kumar Panday Pranab 1 September 2008 Representation without Participation Quotas for Women in Bangladesh International Political Science Review 29 4 489 512 doi 10 1177 0192512108095724 S2CID 220874021 IPU PARLINE database BANGLADESH Jatiya Sangsad Elections in 2001 archive ipu org Retrieved 2018 12 27 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title June 1996 Bangladeshi general election amp oldid 1172247886, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
