General elections were held in Bangladesh on 1 October 2001. The 300 single-seat constituencies of the Jatiya Sangsad were contested by 1,935 candidates representing 54 parties and including 484 independents. The elections were the second to be held under the caretaker government concept, introduced in 1996.
In 2001, the 345 members of the Jatiya Sangsad consisted of 300 seats directly elected by first-past-the-post voting in single-member constituencies,[3] and 45 seats reserved for women. The reserved seats were distributed based on the national vote share.[4]
Conduct
The international[5] and national monitors declared the polling free and fair even though the Awami League alleged massive vote rigging by the BNP. The accusation was denied by the Chief Election Commissioner, who declared the charges "baseless".[6] International observers, from the European Union, the United Nations and the Carter Center[7] of former US President Jimmy Carter, also praised the heavy voter turnout, which was 75%.[2]
Results
The BNP were the clear winners in terms of seats, winning a secure majority with 193 (of 300) seats. BNP's allied parties Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, Jatiya Party (Manju) and Islami Oikya Jote also won a combined 23 seats, bringing the alliance total to 216 seats. As a result of the first-past-the-post voting system in Bangladesh, Awami League only secured 62 seats, despite a difference in popular vote share of only ≈1.4%. Voter turnout was very high at 75%.[2]
Of the 300 directly elected seats, only seven were won by women.[8] This parliament marked an increase in the number of reserved seats for women (which are in addition to the 300 directly elected seats) from 30 to 45. Of these 45 reserved seats, 36 were awarded to BNP.[2]
There were reports of violence targeting minority communities in the immediate wake of the elections.[9]
With a clear majority BNP leader Khaleda Zia was invited to form a government and on 10 October 2001, was sworn in as Prime Minister and formed her Cabinet, which included members of her allied parties. The first sitting of the Eighth Parliament occurred on 28 October 2001[1] with Jamiruddin Sircar as its new Speaker.
Zia's administration completed a full five-year term, running from 28 October 2001 to 27 October 2006. However, disputes over the selection of a caretaker government, with disagreements between the parties over their neutrality, led to the 2006–08 Bangladeshi political crisis, which eventually resulted in military intervention. New elections were not held until December 2008.
References
^ ab. Bangladesh Parliament. 12 August 2018. Archived from the original on 12 August 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^ abcd"IPU PARLINE database: BANGLADESH (Jatiya Sangsad), Elections in 2001". archive.ipu.org. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^Ahmed, Nizam; Hasan, Sadik (2018). (PDF). In Ahmed, Nizam (ed.). Women in Governing Institions in South Asia. Springer. p. 18. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57475-2_2. ISBN978-3-319-57474-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
^"Bangladesh parliamentary Elections 1 October 2001: Final Report" (PDF). EU Election Observation Mission. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^"Zia wins power in Bangladesh". CNN. 5 October 2001. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^"Postelection Statement by Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter on Bangladesh Elections, Oct. 5, 2001". www.cartercenter.org. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^Kumar Panday, Pranab (1 September 2008). "Representation without Participation: Quotas for Women in Bangladesh". International Political Science Review. 29 (4): 489–512. doi:10.1177/0192512108095724.
^2001 violence on HindusCaretakers, BNP, Jamaat blamed| bdnews24, 24 April 2011
January 20, 2023
2001, bangladeshi, general, election, general, elections, were, held, bangladesh, october, 2001, single, seat, constituencies, jatiya, sangsad, were, contested, candidates, representing, parties, including, independents, elections, were, second, held, under, c. General elections were held in Bangladesh on 1 October 2001 The 300 single seat constituencies of the Jatiya Sangsad were contested by 1 935 candidates representing 54 parties and including 484 independents The elections were the second to be held under the caretaker government concept introduced in 1996 2001 Bangladeshi general election June 1996 1 October 2001 2008 elected members All 300 seats in the Jatiya Sangsad151 seats needed for a majorityRegistered74 946 364Turnout74 97 First party Second party Leader Khaleda Zia Sheikh HasinaParty BNP Awami LeagueLast election 33 61 116 seats 37 44 146 seatsSeats won 193 62Seat change 77 84Popular vote 23 074 714 22 310 276Percentage 40 97 40 13 Swing 7 36pp 2 69ppResults by constituencyPrime Minister before electionSheikh HasinaAwami League Subsequent Prime Minister Khaleda ZiaBNPThe result was a win for the Four Party Alliance of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party BNP Jamaat e Islami Bangladesh Jatiya Party Manju and Islami Oikya Jote BNP leader Khaleda Zia became Prime Minister Contents 1 Background 2 Electoral system 3 Conduct 4 Results 5 Aftermath 6 ReferencesBackground EditThe Seventh Parliament headed by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was dissolved on 13 July 2001 1 having completed its designated 5 year term the first parliamentary administration to ever do so 2 and power was transferred to the caretaker government headed by Justice Latifur Rahman Electoral system EditIn 2001 the 345 members of the Jatiya Sangsad consisted of 300 seats directly elected by first past the post voting in single member constituencies 3 and 45 seats reserved for women The reserved seats were distributed based on the national vote share 4 Conduct EditThe international 5 and national monitors declared the polling free and fair even though the Awami League alleged massive vote rigging by the BNP The accusation was denied by the Chief Election Commissioner who declared the charges baseless 6 International observers from the European Union the United Nations and the Carter Center 7 of former US President Jimmy Carter also praised the heavy voter turnout which was 75 2 Results EditThe BNP were the clear winners in terms of seats winning a secure majority with 193 of 300 seats BNP s allied parties Jamaat e Islami Bangladesh Jatiya Party Manju and Islami Oikya Jote also won a combined 23 seats bringing the alliance total to 216 seats As a result of the first past the post voting system in Bangladesh Awami League only secured 62 seats despite a difference in popular vote share of only 1 4 Voter turnout was very high at 75 2 Of the 300 directly elected seats only seven were won by women 8 This parliament marked an increase in the number of reserved seats for women which are in addition to the 300 directly elected seats from 30 to 45 Of these 45 reserved seats 36 were awarded to BNP 2 PartyVotes SeatsBangladesh Nationalist Party22 833 97840 97193Awami League22 365 51640 1362Islami Jatiya Oikya Front4 038 4537 2514Bangladesh Jamaat e Islami2 385 3614 2817Bangladesh Jatiya Party621 7721 124Islami Oikya Jote376 3430 682Krishak Sramik Janata League261 3440 471Jatiya Party Manju 243 6170 441Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal119 3820 210Communist Party of Bangladesh56 9910 100Workers Party of Bangladesh40 4840 070Bangladesh Islami Front30 7610 060BASAD Khalekuzzaman21 1640 040Jamiat Ulema e Islam Bangladesh19 2560 030Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan13 4720 020Gano Forum8 4940 020Islami Shasantantra Andolon5 9440 010Liberal Party Bangladesh3 9760 010National Awami Party NAP 3 8010 010Bangladesh Progressive Party3 7340 010Ganatantri Party3 1900 010Bangladesh Samajtantrik Dal2 3080 000Bangladesh Janata Party1 7030 000Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Mukti Andolon1 2480 000Jaker Party1 1810 000Bangladesh Peoples Congress1 1550 000Communist Kendra1 0420 000Communist Party of Bangladesh Marxist Leninist 9720 000Bangladesh Hindu League9220 000Gano Azadi League7800 000Jatiyo Janata Party Adv Nurul Islam Khan 6570 000Bangladesh Muslim League Jamir Ali 5820 000National Patriotic Party5510 000National Awami Party Bhashani 4420 000Bangladesh Jatiya Tanti Dal4410 000Samridha Bangladesh Andolon4290 000Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal3910 000Bangladesh Peoples Party3820 000Desh Prem Party3660 000Democratic Republican Party3640 000Bangladesh Manabadhikar Dal2370 000Bangladesh Krisak Sramik Janata Party1970 000Liberal Democrats Party1700 000Quran Darshan Sangstha Bangladesh1610 000Jatiya Janata Party Sheik Asad 1480 000Pragatishil Ganotantrik Shakti1360 000Sama Samaj Ganotantri Party1310 000National Awami Party NAP Bhashani Mushtaq 790 000Quran and Sunnah Bastabayan Party770 000Bhashani Front760 000Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League590 000Bangladesh Bhashani Adarsha Bastabayan Parishad580 000Bangladesh Sarbahara Party440 000Jatiya Janata Party Hafizur 300 000Independents2 262 0734 066Total55 736 625100 00300Valid votes55 736 62599 20Invalid blank votes449 0820 80Total votes56 185 707100 00Registered voters turnout74 946 36474 97Source ECBAftermath EditThere were reports of violence targeting minority communities in the immediate wake of the elections 9 With a clear majority BNP leader Khaleda Zia was invited to form a government and on 10 October 2001 was sworn in as Prime Minister and formed her Cabinet which included members of her allied parties The first sitting of the Eighth Parliament occurred on 28 October 2001 1 with Jamiruddin Sircar as its new Speaker Zia s administration completed a full five year term running from 28 October 2001 to 27 October 2006 However disputes over the selection of a caretaker government with disagreements between the parties over their neutrality led to the 2006 08 Bangladeshi political crisis which eventually resulted in military intervention New elections were not held until December 2008 References Edit a b Tenure of All Parliaments Bangladesh Parliament 12 August 2018 Archived from the original on 12 August 2018 Retrieved 27 December 2018 a b c d IPU PARLINE database BANGLADESH Jatiya Sangsad Elections in 2001 archive ipu org Retrieved 27 December 2018 Electoral system IPU Ahmed Nizam Hasan Sadik 2018 Alangkar or Ahangkar Reserved Seat Women Members in the Bangladesh Parliament PDF In Ahmed Nizam ed Women in Governing Institions in South Asia Springer p 18 doi 10 1007 978 3 319 57475 2 2 ISBN 978 3 319 57474 5 Archived from the original PDF on 27 October 2020 Retrieved 2 January 2019 Bangladesh parliamentary Elections 1 October 2001 Final Report PDF EU Election Observation Mission Retrieved 27 December 2018 Zia wins power in Bangladesh CNN 5 October 2001 Retrieved 27 December 2018 Postelection Statement by Former U S President Jimmy Carter on Bangladesh Elections Oct 5 2001 www cartercenter org Retrieved 27 December 2018 Kumar Panday Pranab 1 September 2008 Representation without Participation Quotas for Women in Bangladesh International Political Science Review 29 4 489 512 doi 10 1177 0192512108095724 2001 violence on HindusCaretakers BNP Jamaat blamed bdnews24 24 April 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2001 Bangladeshi general election amp oldid 1127964086, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
