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Jovan Jovanović Zmaj

Jovan Jovanović Zmaj (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Јовановић Змаj, pronounced [jɔ̌v̞an jɔv̞ǎːnɔv̞it͡ɕ zmâj]; 24 November 1833 – 1 June 1904) was a Serbian poet.

Jovan Jovanović Zmaj
Јован Јовановић Змај
BornJovan Jovanović
24 November 1833
Novi Sad, Austrian Empire (today Serbia)
Died1 June 1904(1904-06-01) (aged 70)
Sremska Kamenica, Austria-Hungary (today part of Novi Sad, Serbia)
Pen nameZmaj
NationalitySerbian
Notable worksĐulići, Đulići uveoci, Pevanija, Druga pevanija
SpouseRuža Ličanin
Signature

Jovanović worked as a physician; he wrote in many poetry genres, including love, lyric, patriotic, political, and youth, but he remains best known for his children's poetry. His nursery rhymes have entered the Serbian national consciousness and people sing them to their children without knowing who wrote them. Jovanović also translated the works of some of the great poets, such as Russians Lermontov and Pushkin, Germans Goethe and Heine, and the American Longfellow.

Jovanović's nickname Zmaj or Змај (dragon) derives from the 3 May 1848 assembly.[a]

Biography

 
House of Jovan Jovanović Zmaj in Sremska Kamenica

Zmaj was born in Novi Sad, which was then part of Batsch-Bodrog County (Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire; today in Serbia), on 24 November 1833. His family was old and noble, and had roots in modern-day North Macedonia.[2] His father came from a family of Aromanian descent, which is something that neither Zmaj nor other people from his epoch discussed, probably meaning that his family was fully assimilated.[3] The Jovanovićs lived in Vojvodina as of the 18th century.[2] Zmaj's father Pavle served as the mayor of Novi Sad after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and his three brothers were soldiers, government officials and Serbian patriots.[2][4] In his early childhood he showed a desire to learn by heart the Serbian national songs that were recited to him. As a child he began to compose poems. He finished elementary school in the town, and attended secondary school in Halas and Preßburg (today Bratislava), later studying law in Ofenpesth (Budapest), Prague and Vienna.[2] This was his father's wish but his own inclinations prompted him to take up the study of medicine. Zmaj then returned to his native city, where he accepted prominent official position. A year later, his poetic instincts caused him to leave his job to devote himself entirely to literary work. In 1870, Zmaj returned to Novi Sad to work as a doctor, motivated by the tuberculosis from which his wife and children were suffering.[2]

 
Zmaj's "Roses" and "Faded roses", exponats in Museum of Vojvodina

His literary career began in 1849 and in 1852 his first poem was printed in a journal called Srbski Letopis (Serbian Annual Review); he contributed to this and to other journals, notably Neven and Sedmica.[2] From that period until 1870, besides his original poems, he made many translations of works by Sándor Petőfi and János Arany to Serbian from Hungarian, from Russian the works of Lermontov, as well as some German and Austrian poets.[2] In 1861 he edited the comic journal Komarac (The Mosquito), with Đorđe Rajković. That same year he started the literary journal Javor and contributed many poems to these journals.[2]

In 1861, Zmaj married; during the years that followed he produced a series of lyrical poems called Đulići, which probably remains his masterpiece.[2][5][1] In 1862, greatly to his regret, he discontinued his journal Javor. He was politically engaged and sympathized with the ideas of the United Serbian Youth, a movement that attracted a number of influential figures in Serbian public life in the 1860s and 1870s.[2]

In 1863, Zmaj was elected director of the Tekelianum at Budapest.[2] He renewed the study of medicine at the university and became a doctor of medicine. Zmaj wrote a lot of articles on hygiene, health and diet, and several scientific works.[1] He also devoted himself to the education of Serbian youth. During his stay in Budapest he founded the literary society Preodnica, of which he was president. In 1864 he started the satirical journal "Zmaj" ("The Dragon"), which was so popular its name became a part of his own. In 1866, his comic play "Šaran" was given with great success.[2] In 1870, he began working as a physician. He was also an active advocate of cremation.[2] Matica Srpska, the Serbian Medical Society and Serbian Literary Guild made Zmaj a full member.[1]

 
Monument to Zmaj in Novi Sad

The death of his wife in 1872 was followed by that of the couple's only child who outlived her mother, out of his five children.[2] He was very sad and wrote many sad poems. In 1873 he started another comic journal, the Žiža.[2] In 1877 he began an illustrated chronicle of the Russo-Turkish War, and in 1878 began his popular comic journal Starmali.[6] During this period he wrote poems and prose, including short novels.

Zmaj died on 1 June 1904 in Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.[5]

Literary works

Zmaj wrote lyrical songs under the collective titles Đulići (Little Rosebuds) and Đulići Uveoci (Faded Little Rosebuds), his most-creative work.[6] He wrote six large volumes of his Pevanija (The Book of Songs), and several smaller collections including satires, epigrams, and children's songs. His work were published in the United States by Robert Underwood Johnson, who was editor and publisher of New York City's Century Magazine and a good friend of Nikola Tesla.[7] Tesla himself translated some poems by Zmaj.[7] In the following we have the poet's definition of poetry:

Where is Pain and dire Distress,
Songs shall soothe like soft caress;
Though the stoutest courage fails,
Song's an anchor in all gales;
When all others fail to reach,
Song shall be the thrilling speech;
Love and friends and comfort fled,
Song shall linger by your bed;
And when Doubt shall question, Why?
Song shall lift you to the sky.

Zmaj is best known for his poetry for children and was one of the first authors of comic strips in Serbia.[8]

Legacy

 
Zmaj was featured on the five-hundred billion Yugoslav dinar banknote.

The Zmaj Children Games (Змајеве дечје игре/Zmajeve dečje igre), one of the biggest festivals for children in Serbia, are named after Jovan Jovanović Zmaj. The town of Sremska Kamenica bore the name Zmajeva Kamenica (Zmaj's Kamenica) in his honour. He is included in lists of The 100 most prominent Serbs. During his lifetime, Zmaj had acquired the title of the "people's poet", an expression of esteem also befitting the title of Poet laureate.[9]

August Šenoa wrote highly of his poetry.[10] Literary historian Jovan Deretić considered Zmaj to be one of the central figures of Serbian Romanticism and Serbian literature of the second half of the 19th century. Deretić praised his poems, translations and satirical works.[5]

Children's poetry written by Zmaj is still popular in Serbia and the wider Balkans region.[11]

Works

Collections of poems

  • Đulici
  • Đulici uveoci
  • Pevanija
  • Druga pevanija
  • Snohvatice I-III, 1895 and 1900
  • Devesilje, 1900
  • Istočni biser
  • Pesme Mirca Shafije
  • Čika Jova srpskoj omladini
  • Istočni biser, 1861

Prose and Drama

  • Vidosava Branković, 1860
  • Šaran, 1864
  • Nesrećna Kafina[12]

Selected translations[6]

See also



Footnotes

  1. ^ in Serbian Cyrillic3.мај. The dot (indicating an ordinal number in Serbian) was mistakenly left out, thus the writing read "3мај".[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Lešić, Aleksandar; Bumbaširević, Marko (2004). "Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, pesnik i lekar, 100 godina nakon smrti" (PDF). Institute for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinic Center of Serbia.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Пројекат Растко: Божидар Ковачек : Јован Јовановић Змај (1833–1904)". www.rastko.rs. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  3. ^ Aleksov, Bojan. "Jovan Jovanović Zmaj and the Serbian identity between poetry and history". pp. 273–305.
  4. ^ "Jovanovići dali četiri zmaja srpstva". www.novosti.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  5. ^ a b c "Jovan Deretic: Kratka istorija srpske knjizevnosti". www.rastko.rs. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  6. ^ a b c "Bogoslovija Svetog Jovana Zlatoustog u Kragujevcu, , ПЕСНИШТВО ЈОВАНА ЈОВАНОВИЋА ЗМАЈА". zlatousti.org. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  7. ^ a b "ТЕСЛА И ЗМАЈ – ЕНЕРГИЈА И СВЕТЛОСТ – СВЕТЛОСНИ ЗМАЈ". СРБски ФБРепортер (in Serbian). 18 December 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  8. ^ [https://web.archive.org/web/20110616012458/http://www.rastko.rs/strip/1/zupan-draginicic_1/neven_l.html Archived 16 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine [Projekat Rastko] Zdravko Zupan i Slavko Draginčić: Istorija jugoslovenskog stripa I]. Rastko.rs; retrieved 31 July 2014.
  9. ^ "Национални дан књиге | Јован Јовановић Змај". arhiva.unilib.rs. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  10. ^ Aleksov, Bojan (2011). "JOVAN JOVANOVIČ ZMAJ AND THE SERBIAN IDENTITY BETWEEN POETRY AND HISTORY" (PDF). CAS Working Paper Series. 3.
  11. ^ Svilengaćin, Gordana (13 March 2018). "Dvoboj: Jovan Jovanović Zmaj protiv policije, špicli i žandara". Kultur!Kokoška. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  12. ^ "[Projekat Rastko] Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj (1833-1904): Nesrecna Kafina". www.rastko.rs. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  • This article incorporates text from the Zmai Iovan Iovanovich – the Chief Servian Poet of To-Day by Nikola Tesla, a publication now in the public domain.
  • Jovan Skerlić, Istorija Nove Srpske Književnosti (Belgrade, 1921), pages 298–309.
  • Божидар Ковачек. "Јован Јовановић Змај (1833–1904)". Projekat Rastko.

External links

  • Translated works by Jovan Jovanović Zmaj
  • (portrait; two children's poems in English, more poems in Serbian)
  • Jovan Jovanović Zmaj: Zmajeve Dečije Pesme (Poems for children in Serbian)
  • (Children's poems in Serbian)
  • Jovan Jovanović Zmaj in South Slavic Literature Library (poems of various genres in Serbian)
  • (in Serbian)
  • Jovan Jovanović Zmaj publications in the National Library of Serbia[permanent dead link]

jovan, jovanović, zmaj, serbian, cyrillic, Јован, Јовановић, Змаj, pronounced, jɔv, ǎːnɔv, zmâj, november, 1833, june, 1904, serbian, poet, Јован, Јовановић, Змајbornjovan, jovanović24, november, 1833novi, austrian, empire, today, serbia, died1, june, 1904, 19. Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Serbian Cyrillic Јovan Јovanoviћ Zmaj pronounced jɔ v an jɔv ǎːnɔv it ɕ zmaj 24 November 1833 1 June 1904 was a Serbian poet Jovan Jovanovic ZmajЈovan Јovanoviћ ZmaјBornJovan Jovanovic24 November 1833Novi Sad Austrian Empire today Serbia Died1 June 1904 1904 06 01 aged 70 Sremska Kamenica Austria Hungary today part of Novi Sad Serbia Pen nameZmajNationalitySerbianNotable worksĐulici Đulici uveoci Pevanija Druga pevanijaSpouseRuza LicaninSignatureWikisource has original works by or about Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Jovanovic worked as a physician he wrote in many poetry genres including love lyric patriotic political and youth but he remains best known for his children s poetry His nursery rhymes have entered the Serbian national consciousness and people sing them to their children without knowing who wrote them Jovanovic also translated the works of some of the great poets such as Russians Lermontov and Pushkin Germans Goethe and Heine and the American Longfellow Jovanovic s nickname Zmaj or Zmaј dragon derives from the 3 May 1848 assembly a Contents 1 Biography 2 Literary works 3 Legacy 4 Works 4 1 Collections of poems 4 2 Prose and Drama 4 3 Selected translations 6 5 See also 6 Footnotes 7 References 8 External linksBiography Edit House of Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj in Sremska Kamenica Zmaj was born in Novi Sad which was then part of Batsch Bodrog County Kingdom of Hungary Austrian Empire today in Serbia on 24 November 1833 His family was old and noble and had roots in modern day North Macedonia 2 His father came from a family of Aromanian descent which is something that neither Zmaj nor other people from his epoch discussed probably meaning that his family was fully assimilated 3 The Jovanovics lived in Vojvodina as of the 18th century 2 Zmaj s father Pavle served as the mayor of Novi Sad after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and his three brothers were soldiers government officials and Serbian patriots 2 4 In his early childhood he showed a desire to learn by heart the Serbian national songs that were recited to him As a child he began to compose poems He finished elementary school in the town and attended secondary school in Halas and Pressburg today Bratislava later studying law in Ofenpesth Budapest Prague and Vienna 2 This was his father s wish but his own inclinations prompted him to take up the study of medicine Zmaj then returned to his native city where he accepted prominent official position A year later his poetic instincts caused him to leave his job to devote himself entirely to literary work In 1870 Zmaj returned to Novi Sad to work as a doctor motivated by the tuberculosis from which his wife and children were suffering 2 Zmaj s Roses and Faded roses exponats in Museum of Vojvodina His literary career began in 1849 and in 1852 his first poem was printed in a journal called Srbski Letopis Serbian Annual Review he contributed to this and to other journals notably Neven and Sedmica 2 From that period until 1870 besides his original poems he made many translations of works by Sandor Petofi and Janos Arany to Serbian from Hungarian from Russian the works of Lermontov as well as some German and Austrian poets 2 In 1861 he edited the comic journal Komarac The Mosquito with Đorđe Rajkovic That same year he started the literary journal Javor and contributed many poems to these journals 2 In 1861 Zmaj married during the years that followed he produced a series of lyrical poems called Đulici which probably remains his masterpiece 2 5 1 In 1862 greatly to his regret he discontinued his journal Javor He was politically engaged and sympathized with the ideas of the United Serbian Youth a movement that attracted a number of influential figures in Serbian public life in the 1860s and 1870s 2 In 1863 Zmaj was elected director of the Tekelianum at Budapest 2 He renewed the study of medicine at the university and became a doctor of medicine Zmaj wrote a lot of articles on hygiene health and diet and several scientific works 1 He also devoted himself to the education of Serbian youth During his stay in Budapest he founded the literary society Preodnica of which he was president In 1864 he started the satirical journal Zmaj The Dragon which was so popular its name became a part of his own In 1866 his comic play Saran was given with great success 2 In 1870 he began working as a physician He was also an active advocate of cremation 2 Matica Srpska the Serbian Medical Society and Serbian Literary Guild made Zmaj a full member 1 Monument to Zmaj in Novi Sad The death of his wife in 1872 was followed by that of the couple s only child who outlived her mother out of his five children 2 He was very sad and wrote many sad poems In 1873 he started another comic journal the Ziza 2 In 1877 he began an illustrated chronicle of the Russo Turkish War and in 1878 began his popular comic journal Starmali 6 During this period he wrote poems and prose including short novels Zmaj died on 1 June 1904 in Sremska Kamenica Serbia 5 Literary works EditZmaj wrote lyrical songs under the collective titles Đulici Little Rosebuds and Đulici Uveoci Faded Little Rosebuds his most creative work 6 He wrote six large volumes of his Pevanija The Book of Songs and several smaller collections including satires epigrams and children s songs His work were published in the United States by Robert Underwood Johnson who was editor and publisher of New York City s Century Magazine and a good friend of Nikola Tesla 7 Tesla himself translated some poems by Zmaj 7 In the following we have the poet s definition of poetry Where is Pain and dire Distress Songs shall soothe like soft caress Though the stoutest courage fails Song s an anchor in all gales When all others fail to reach Song shall be the thrilling speech Love and friends and comfort fled Song shall linger by your bed And when Doubt shall question Why Song shall lift you to the sky Zmaj is best known for his poetry for children and was one of the first authors of comic strips in Serbia 8 Legacy Edit Zmaj was featured on the five hundred billion Yugoslav dinar banknote The Zmaj Children Games Zmaјeve dechјe igre Zmajeve decje igre one of the biggest festivals for children in Serbia are named after Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj The town of Sremska Kamenica bore the name Zmajeva Kamenica Zmaj s Kamenica in his honour He is included in lists of The 100 most prominent Serbs During his lifetime Zmaj had acquired the title of the people s poet an expression of esteem also befitting the title of Poet laureate 9 August Senoa wrote highly of his poetry 10 Literary historian Jovan Deretic considered Zmaj to be one of the central figures of Serbian Romanticism and Serbian literature of the second half of the 19th century Deretic praised his poems translations and satirical works 5 Children s poetry written by Zmaj is still popular in Serbia and the wider Balkans region 11 Works EditCollections of poems Edit Đulici Đulici uveoci Pevanija Druga pevanija Snohvatice I III 1895 and 1900 Devesilje 1900 Istocni biser Pesme Mirca Shafije Cika Jova srpskoj omladini Istocni biser 1861 Prose and Drama Edit Vidosava Brankovic 1860 Saran 1864 Nesrecna Kafina 12 Selected translations 6 Edit Herman i Doroteja by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Sionsko jharfi NeueZionѕharfe Zurich 1855 Pesme Mirca Shafije Istocni biser anthology of Eastern poetry 1861 Demon by Mikhail Lermontov 1863 Vitez Jovan by Sandor Petofi 1860 Aranj Toldi 1858 Toldijina starost Toldijina ljubav 1896 Otmu Muranj grada 1878 Enoh Arden by Alfred Lord Tennyson 1880 Covekova tragedija 1890 Ifigenija u Tavridi by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1898 1900 Der Gott und die Bajadere by Johann Wolfgang von GoethSee also EditLaza Lazarevic Julije Bajamonti Vladan Đorđevic Miodrag Pavlovic Milan Savic Vladan RadomanFootnotes Edit in Serbian Cyrillic3 maј The dot indicating an ordinal number in Serbian was mistakenly left out thus the writing read 3maј 1 References Edit a b c d Lesic Aleksandar Bumbasirevic Marko 2004 Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj pesnik i lekar 100 godina nakon smrti PDF Institute for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Clinic Center of Serbia a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Proјekat Rastko Bozhidar Kovachek Јovan Јovanoviћ Zmaј 1833 1904 www rastko rs Retrieved 28 January 2020 Aleksov Bojan Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj and the Serbian identity between poetry and history pp 273 305 Jovanovici dali cetiri zmaja srpstva www novosti rs in Serbian Retrieved 28 January 2020 a b c Jovan Deretic Kratka istorija srpske knjizevnosti www rastko rs Retrieved 28 January 2020 a b c Bogoslovija Svetog Jovana Zlatoustog u Kragujevcu PESNIShTVO ЈOVANA ЈOVANOVIЋA ZMAЈA zlatousti org Retrieved 29 January 2020 a b TESLA I ZMAЈ ENERGIЈA I SVETLOST SVETLOSNI ZMAЈ SRBski FBReporter in Serbian 18 December 2011 Retrieved 28 January 2020 https web archive org web 20110616012458 http www rastko rs strip 1 zupan draginicic 1 neven l html Archived 16 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine Projekat Rastko Zdravko Zupan i Slavko Dragincic Istorija jugoslovenskog stripa I Rastko rs retrieved 31 July 2014 Nacionalni dan kњige Јovan Јovanoviћ Zmaј arhiva unilib rs Retrieved 29 January 2020 Aleksov Bojan 2011 JOVAN JOVANOVIC ZMAJ AND THE SERBIAN IDENTITY BETWEEN POETRY AND HISTORY PDF CAS Working Paper Series 3 Svilengacin Gordana 13 March 2018 Dvoboj Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj protiv policije spicli i zandara Kultur Kokoska Retrieved 29 January 2020 Projekat Rastko Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj 1833 1904 Nesrecna Kafina www rastko rs Retrieved 28 January 2020 This article incorporates text from the Zmai Iovan Iovanovich the Chief Servian Poet of To Dayby Nikola Tesla a publication now in the public domain Jovan Skerlic Istorija Nove Srpske Knjizevnosti Belgrade 1921 pages 298 309 Bozhidar Kovachek Јovan Јovanoviћ Zmaј 1833 1904 Projekat Rastko External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Translated works by Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Biography in Serbian Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj portrait two children s poems in English more poems in Serbian Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Zmajeve Decije Pesme Poems for children in Serbian Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj Decje Pesme Children s poems in Serbian Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj in South Slavic Literature Library poems of various genres in Serbian Saran in Serbian Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj publications in the National Library of Serbia permanent dead link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj amp oldid 1136345603, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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