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John Woody Papworth

January 01, 1970

John Woody Papworth (4 March 1820 – 6 July 1870) was an English architect, designer and antiquary. He is chiefly remembered for "Papworth's Ordinary" (1874), a reference guide to British and Irish coats of arms arranged systematically according to their design. G. D. Squibb commented in 1961 that "his memory rests more securely upon his Ordinary of British Armorials than upon any building for which he was responsible, though it is but fair to add that his professional achievements were not lightly regarded by his contemporaries".[1]

Family background edit

Papworth was born in London on 4 March 1820,[2] the elder son of the architect John Buonarotti Papworth. His younger brother, Wyatt Angelicus van Sandau Papworth, also became a well known architect.

Career edit

 
The Albert Institution in Southwark, designed by Papworth: 1859 engraving. The Institution "...opened in Aug. 1859, in one of the most disreputable neighborhoods in London, as a reformatory establishment. It comprises infant, ragged and Sunday schools, a reading room, a library, baths, washhouses, and cheap dormitories."[3]
 
Papworth's monument to Thomas Hardy (d. 1832), radical reformer, in Bunhill Fields burial ground

Papworth was trained as an architect in his father's office, where he remained until 1846, when his father retired. In 1837 he became, on its formation, secretary to the council of the Government School of Design at Somerset House, and assisted his father, the director, in its organisation. In 1838 he was awarded the silver Isis medal, in 1840 the gold Isis medal, and in 1845 the Stock medallion at the Society of Arts, in 1842 the Soane medallion, in 1843 the medal of merit, and in 1847 the silver medal of the Institute of British Architects.[4]

In 1841 he was elected an associate, and in 1846 a fellow of the Institute of British Architects.

Although he published widely on architectural matters, and exhibited many architectural designs at the Royal Academy, few of his works were executed. One project that did come to completion was his design for the Albert Institution, opened in 1859 in Gravel Lane, Southwark.[4] Papworth also designed the monument to the radical political reformer Thomas Hardy in Bunhill Fields burial ground.[5]

He produced designs for glass, pottery, terracotta, paperhangings, and other art manufactures; and was responsible for the carpet presented by 150 ladies to Queen Victoria, which was exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851.

Papworth's Ordinary edit

 
Extract from Papworth's Ordinary (1874)

Papworth's major publication was his Ordinary, or in full An Alphabetical Dictionary of Coats of Arms belonging to Families in Great Britain and Ireland, forming an extensive Ordinary of British Armorials upon an entirely new plan. Ordinaries of arms (rolls of coats of arms arranged by design) had existed since the Middle Ages, but most had been relatively limited in scope. Papworth devised a scheme for a much more comprehensive ordinary, based on his own systematic arrangement of arms by blazon. He began work in 1847, making extensive use of Burke's General Armory, copying its entries onto slips of paper and rearranging them.[6] (The General Armory was a collection of arms arranged alphabetically by surname: first published in 1842, the third edition with supplement had appeared in 1847.) Papworth published a prospectus in 1857, and began to issue his work in instalments: nine parts had appeared by 1863, and fourteen by the time of his death in 1870. By this point the work had proceeded as far as p. 696: the remaining 429 pages were edited and brought to completion from his materials by Alfred William Morant (1828–1881). The Ordinary was seen through the press by Wyatt Papworth, and published as a complete volume in 1874: it contained about 50,000 entries.[7] It rapidly established itself as a standard work of heraldic reference, and was reprinted in 1961, 1977 and 1985.

The greatest strength of Papworth's Ordinary was the rigorousness of its system of classification by blazon, which (with minor modifications) has remained the basis for all ordinaries published since.[8] Its weakness was its dependence for its contents on Burke's General Armory and other secondary sources, which meant that it inherited many of their errors and omissions. One of the book's idiosyncrasies is that (partly because of Papworth's decision to classify all animal charges under the primary heading "Beast", and all birds under "Bird") the alphabetical distribution of entries is highly unbalanced: the headings A–F account for roughly 80% of the book, a point on which Papworth had to reassure anxious subscribers while the work was still in progress.[9]

Other publications edit

Papworth also published The Ladies' Carpet, designed by J. W. P., presented to, and exhibited by, Her Majesty in the Great Exhibition, 1851 (1852); and he was a frequent contributor to The Builder, and to the Proceedings and Transactions of the Institute of British Architects. He contributed articles to the works of the Architectural Publication Society, founded in 1848, on subjects including Balthazar Gerbier, Frederic Louis Norden, Mathes Roriczer and Aqueducts. He also assisted in the first years of the production of the Dictionary of Architecture, which his brother Wyatt edited from 1852 to 1892.[4]

With Wyatt, and with plates engraved by the authors, Papworth published Specimens of Decoration in the Italian Style selected from the Designs of Raffaello in the Vatican (1844), and Museums, Libraries, and Picture Galleries, Public and Private, their Establishment, Formation, Arrangement, and Architectural Construction, to which is appended the Public Libraries Act, 1850, and Remarks on its adoption by Mechanics and other Scientific Institutions, with Illustrations (1853).[4]

Personal life and death edit

 
Grave of John Woody Papworth in Highgate Cemetery

Papworth never married. He died, aged 50, on 6 July 1870, from a gangrene which had developed in an injured foot. His death appears to have been hastened by his determination to continue work on his Ordinary.[9]

He was buried on the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery.[4] His brother Wyatt was buried in the same grave on 23 August 1894. The grave (no.17531) no longer has a legible inscription.

Legacy edit

In 1926 Lt Col George Babington Croft Lyons left a substantial bequest to the Society of Antiquaries to prepare a new edition of Papworth's Ordinary. After many delays, and a decision to restrict the work's scope to England and to the period before 1530, the first volume of what was now entitled the Dictionary of British Arms appeared in 1992.[10] Volume 2 was published in 1996, volume 3 in 2009, and volume 4 (the final volume) in 2014.

References edit

  1. ^ Squibb, G. D. (1961). "Papworth's Ordinary". Papworth's Ordinary of British Armorials. London: Tabard Publications.
  2. ^ "Individual Page".
  3. ^ Ripley, G.; Dana, C.A., eds. (1860). The New American Cyclopædia. pp. 630–1.
  4. ^ a b c d e Cates and Elliott 2004.
  5. ^ Historic England. "Monument to Thomas Hardy, East Enclosure (1396521)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  6. ^ Collins 1942, pp. 4–5.
  7. ^ Collins 1942, pp. 6–7.
  8. ^ Collins 1942, pp. 8–10.
  9. ^ a b Collins 1942, p. 6.
  10. ^ Chesshyre, D. H. B. (1992). "History of the Project". In Chesshyre, D. H. B.; Woodcock, Thomas (eds.). Dictionary of British Arms: Medieval Ordinary. Vol. 1. London: Society of Antiquaries. pp. viii–xiv. ISBN 0854312587.

Attribution

  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1895). "Papworth, John Woody". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 43. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

Further reading edit

  • Cates, Arthur; Elliott, John (revised) (2004). "Papworth, John Woody (1820–1870)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21256. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Collins, S. M. (1942). "Papworth and his Ordinary". Antiquaries Journal. 22: 3–16. doi:10.1017/s0003581500003668. S2CID 161716978.
  • Kerr, R. (1870). "The late John W. Papworth". The Architect. 4: 30–31.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
john, woody, papworth, march, 1820, july, 1870, english, architect, designer, antiquary, chiefly, remembered, papworth, ordinary, 1874, reference, guide, british, irish, coats, arms, arranged, systematically, according, their, design, squibb, commented, 1961, . John Woody Papworth 4 March 1820 6 July 1870 was an English architect designer and antiquary He is chiefly remembered for Papworth s Ordinary 1874 a reference guide to British and Irish coats of arms arranged systematically according to their design G D Squibb commented in 1961 that his memory rests more securely upon his Ordinary of British Armorials than upon any building for which he was responsible though it is but fair to add that his professional achievements were not lightly regarded by his contemporaries 1 Contents 1 Family background 2 Career 3 Papworth s Ordinary 4 Other publications 5 Personal life and death 6 Legacy 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksFamily background editPapworth was born in London on 4 March 1820 2 the elder son of the architect John Buonarotti Papworth His younger brother Wyatt Angelicus van Sandau Papworth also became a well known architect Career edit nbsp The Albert Institution in Southwark designed by Papworth 1859 engraving The Institution opened in Aug 1859 in one of the most disreputable neighborhoods in London as a reformatory establishment It comprises infant ragged and Sunday schools a reading room a library baths washhouses and cheap dormitories 3 nbsp Papworth s monument to Thomas Hardy d 1832 radical reformer in Bunhill Fields burial ground Papworth was trained as an architect in his father s office where he remained until 1846 when his father retired In 1837 he became on its formation secretary to the council of the Government School of Design at Somerset House and assisted his father the director in its organisation In 1838 he was awarded the silver Isis medal in 1840 the gold Isis medal and in 1845 the Stock medallion at the Society of Arts in 1842 the Soane medallion in 1843 the medal of merit and in 1847 the silver medal of the Institute of British Architects 4 In 1841 he was elected an associate and in 1846 a fellow of the Institute of British Architects Although he published widely on architectural matters and exhibited many architectural designs at the Royal Academy few of his works were executed One project that did come to completion was his design for the Albert Institution opened in 1859 in Gravel Lane Southwark 4 Papworth also designed the monument to the radical political reformer Thomas Hardy in Bunhill Fields burial ground 5 He produced designs for glass pottery terracotta paperhangings and other art manufactures and was responsible for the carpet presented by 150 ladies to Queen Victoria which was exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851 Papworth s Ordinary edit nbsp Extract from Papworth s Ordinary 1874 Papworth s major publication was his Ordinary or in full An Alphabetical Dictionary of Coats of Arms belonging to Families in Great Britain and Ireland forming an extensive Ordinary of British Armorials upon an entirely new plan Ordinaries of arms rolls of coats of arms arranged by design had existed since the Middle Ages but most had been relatively limited in scope Papworth devised a scheme for a much more comprehensive ordinary based on his own systematic arrangement of arms by blazon He began work in 1847 making extensive use of Burke s General Armory copying its entries onto slips of paper and rearranging them 6 The General Armory was a collection of arms arranged alphabetically by surname first published in 1842 the third edition with supplement had appeared in 1847 Papworth published a prospectus in 1857 and began to issue his work in instalments nine parts had appeared by 1863 and fourteen by the time of his death in 1870 By this point the work had proceeded as far as p 696 the remaining 429 pages were edited and brought to completion from his materials by Alfred William Morant 1828 1881 The Ordinary was seen through the press by Wyatt Papworth and published as a complete volume in 1874 it contained about 50 000 entries 7 It rapidly established itself as a standard work of heraldic reference and was reprinted in 1961 1977 and 1985 The greatest strength of Papworth s Ordinary was the rigorousness of its system of classification by blazon which with minor modifications has remained the basis for all ordinaries published since 8 Its weakness was its dependence for its contents on Burke s General Armory and other secondary sources which meant that it inherited many of their errors and omissions One of the book s idiosyncrasies is that partly because of Papworth s decision to classify all animal charges under the primary heading Beast and all birds under Bird the alphabetical distribution of entries is highly unbalanced the headings A F account for roughly 80 of the book a point on which Papworth had to reassure anxious subscribers while the work was still in progress 9 Other publications editPapworth also published The Ladies Carpet designed by J W P presented to and exhibited by Her Majesty in the Great Exhibition 1851 1852 and he was a frequent contributor to The Builder and to the Proceedings and Transactions of the Institute of British Architects He contributed articles to the works of the Architectural Publication Society founded in 1848 on subjects including Balthazar Gerbier Frederic Louis Norden Mathes Roriczer and Aqueducts He also assisted in the first years of the production of the Dictionary of Architecture which his brother Wyatt edited from 1852 to 1892 4 With Wyatt and with plates engraved by the authors Papworth published Specimens of Decoration in the Italian Style selected from the Designs of Raffaello in the Vatican 1844 and Museums Libraries and Picture Galleries Public and Private their Establishment Formation Arrangement and Architectural Construction to which is appended the Public Libraries Act 1850 and Remarks on its adoption by Mechanics and other Scientific Institutions with Illustrations 1853 4 Personal life and death edit nbsp Grave of John Woody Papworth in Highgate Cemetery Papworth never married He died aged 50 on 6 July 1870 from a gangrene which had developed in an injured foot His death appears to have been hastened by his determination to continue work on his Ordinary 9 He was buried on the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery 4 His brother Wyatt was buried in the same grave on 23 August 1894 The grave no 17531 no longer has a legible inscription Legacy editIn 1926 Lt Col George Babington Croft Lyons left a substantial bequest to the Society of Antiquaries to prepare a new edition of Papworth s Ordinary After many delays and a decision to restrict the work s scope to England and to the period before 1530 the first volume of what was now entitled the Dictionary of British Arms appeared in 1992 10 Volume 2 was published in 1996 volume 3 in 2009 and volume 4 the final volume in 2014 References edit Squibb G D 1961 Papworth s Ordinary Papworth s Ordinary of British Armorials London Tabard Publications Individual Page Ripley G Dana C A eds 1860 The New American Cyclopaedia pp 630 1 a b c d e Cates and Elliott 2004 Historic England Monument to Thomas Hardy East Enclosure 1396521 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 8 June 2014 Collins 1942 pp 4 5 Collins 1942 pp 6 7 Collins 1942 pp 8 10 a b Collins 1942 p 6 Chesshyre D H B 1992 History of the Project In Chesshyre D H B Woodcock Thomas eds Dictionary of British Arms Medieval Ordinary Vol 1 London Society of Antiquaries pp viii xiv ISBN 0854312587 Attribution nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Lee Sidney ed 1895 Papworth John Woody Dictionary of National Biography Vol 43 London Smith Elder amp Co Further reading editCates Arthur Elliott John revised 2004 Papworth John Woody 1820 1870 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 21256 Subscription or UK public library membership required Collins S M 1942 Papworth and his Ordinary Antiquaries Journal 22 3 16 doi 10 1017 s0003581500003668 S2CID 161716978 Kerr R 1870 The late John W Papworth The Architect 4 30 31 External links edit nbsp Works by or about John Woody Papworth at Wikisource Works by or about John Woody Papworth at Internet Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John Woody Papworth amp oldid 1197509108, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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