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John Linnell (painter)

January 01, 1970

For other people named John Linnell, see John Linnell (disambiguation).

John Linnell (16 June 1792 – 20 January 1882) was an English engraver, and portrait and landscape painter. He was a naturalist and a rival to the artist John Constable. He had a taste for Northern European art of the Renaissance, particularly Albrecht Dürer. He also associated with the amateur artist Edward Thomas Daniell, and with William Blake, to whom he introduced the painter and writer Samuel Palmer and others of the Ancients.

Self-portrait of John Linnell (c.1860)

Life and work edit

 
Wheat (c.1860)

John Linnell was born in Bloomsbury, London on 16 June 1792,[1] where his father was a carver and gilder. He was in contact with artists from an early age, and by the age of ten was drawing and selling portraits in chalk and pencil. His first art teacher was the American-born artist Benjamin West, and he spent a year in the house of the painter John Varley, where William Hunt and William Mulready were also pupils, and made the acquaintance of Shelley, Godwin and others. In 1805 he was admitted to study at the Royal Academy, where he obtained medals for drawing, modelling and sculpture. He was trained as an engraver, and executed a transcript of Varley's "Burial of Saul."[2]

 
View in Dovedale (1815)

In 1808, the 16-year-old Linnell moved into Mulready's house, whose wife had accused him of infidelity with both other women and boys. Linnell's association with Mulready may have caused the breakup of Mulready's marriage. [3]

In 1817 Linnell married Mary Ann Palmer in Scotland and they had nine children together including their first born, Hannah Linnell, who later married the landscape painter Samuel Palmer. [4]

In later life Linnell occupied himself with the burin, publishing, in 1833, a series of outlines from Michelangelo's frescoes in the Sistine Chapel, and, in 1840, superintending the issue of a selection of plates from the pictures in Buckingham Palace, one of them, a Titian landscape, which he engraved in mezzotint. At first he supported himself mainly by miniature painting and execution of larger portraits, such as the likenesses of Mulready, Richard Whately, Peel and Thomas Carlyle. Several of his portraits he engraved in line and mezzotint.[2]

He painted many subjects like the "St John Preaching", the "Covenant of Abraham", and the "Journey to Emmaus", in which, while the landscape is usually prominent the figures are of sufficient importance to supply the title of the work. But it is mainly in connexion with paintings of pure landscapes that his name is known. His works commonly deal with some scene of typical uneventful English landscape, which is made impressive by a gorgeous effect of sunrise or sunset. They are full of true poetic feeling, and are rich and glowing in colour.[2]

Linnell commanded large prices for his pictures, and about 1850 he purchased a property at Redhill, Surrey, where he lived till his death on 20 January 1882, painting with unabated powers until within the last few years of his life. He devoted himself to painting landscapes notably of the North Downs and Kentish Weald.[5] His leisure was occupied with a study of the Bible in the original, and he published several pamphlets and treatises of Biblical criticism. Linnell was one of the best friends and kindest patrons of William Blake. He gave him the two largest commissions he received for single series of designs—£150 for drawings and engravings of The Inventions to the Book of Job, and a like sum for those illustrative of Dante Aligheri.[2]

He was a friend of the painter Edward Thomas Daniell. A blue plaque commemorates Linnell at Old Wyldes' at North End, Hampstead. The plaque mentions that William Blake stayed with Linnell as his guest.[6]

His eldest son William Linnell (1826-1906) was also an artist most noted for his 1840 drawing of Smugglerius, which is an écorché sculpture of a man posed in imitation of the ancient Roman sculpture known as the Dying Gaul. [7] [8]

Gallery edit

Legacy edit

Linnell has over 150 oil paintings in public ownership in the United Kingdom.[citation needed]

References edit

  1. ^ Baskett, Snelgrove & Egerton 1972, p. 132.
  2. ^ a b c d Chisholm 1911.
  3. ^ Clairmont et al. 1995, p. 4.
  4. ^ John Linnell - A Centennial Exhibition, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge catalogue 1982
  5. ^ Wilton & Lyles 1993, p. 339.
  6. ^ "Linnell, John (1792-1882) & Blake, William (1757-1827)". English Heritage. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  7. ^ https://www.felicecalchi.com/smugglerius/?lang=en
  8. ^ https://www.swangallery.co.uk/item1000473/oil-paintings/original-oil-painting-by-william-linnell.html#:~:text=William%20Linnell%20Biography,father's%20house%20at%20Redhill%2C%20Surrey

Sources edit

  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1893). "Linnell, John". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 33. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Linnell, John" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  • Clairmont, Clara Mary Jane; Clairmont, Charles; Godwin, Fanny Imlay; Stocking, Marion Kingston (1995). The Clairmont correspondence : letters of Claire Clairmont, Charles Clairmont, and Fanny Imlay Godwin. Volume 1: 1080-1834. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9-780-80184-633-5.
  • Wilton, Andrew; Lyles, Anne (1993). The great age of British watercolours: 1750-1880. Munich: Prestel. ISBN 9-783-79131-879-0.
  • Baskett, John; Snelgrove, Dudley; Egerton, Judy (1972). English Drawings and Watercolors, 1550-1850: In the Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon. Pierpont Morgan Library and Paul Mellon (1st ed.). New York: Harper & Row. pp. 132–133. ISBN 978-0-87598-035-5. LCCN 77190656. Retrieved 17 October 2023.

Further reading edit

  • Cruan, Katharine (1982). John Linnell, a centennial exhibition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9-780-52124-737-5.
  • Story, Alfred Thomas (1892). The life of John Linnell. Vol. 1. London: Richard Bentley and Son. OCLC 1048309161.
  • Story, Alfred Thomas (1892). The life of John Linnell. Vol. 2. London: Richard Bentley and Son. OCLC 1048309161.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to John Linnell.

January 01, 1970
john, linnell, painter, other, people, named, john, linnell, john, linnell, disambiguation, john, linnell, june, 1792, january, 1882, english, engraver, portrait, landscape, painter, naturalist, rival, artist, john, constable, taste, northern, european, renais. For other people named John Linnell see John Linnell disambiguation John Linnell 16 June 1792 20 January 1882 was an English engraver and portrait and landscape painter He was a naturalist and a rival to the artist John Constable He had a taste for Northern European art of the Renaissance particularly Albrecht Durer He also associated with the amateur artist Edward Thomas Daniell and with William Blake to whom he introduced the painter and writer Samuel Palmer and others of the Ancients Self portrait of John Linnell c 1860 Contents 1 Life and work 2 Gallery 3 Legacy 4 References 5 Sources 6 Further reading 7 External linksLife and work edit nbsp Wheat c 1860 John Linnell was born in Bloomsbury London on 16 June 1792 1 where his father was a carver and gilder He was in contact with artists from an early age and by the age of ten was drawing and selling portraits in chalk and pencil His first art teacher was the American born artist Benjamin West and he spent a year in the house of the painter John Varley where William Hunt and William Mulready were also pupils and made the acquaintance of Shelley Godwin and others In 1805 he was admitted to study at the Royal Academy where he obtained medals for drawing modelling and sculpture He was trained as an engraver and executed a transcript of Varley s Burial of Saul 2 nbsp View in Dovedale 1815 In 1808 the 16 year old Linnell moved into Mulready s house whose wife had accused him of infidelity with both other women and boys Linnell s association with Mulready may have caused the breakup of Mulready s marriage 3 In 1817 Linnell married Mary Ann Palmer in Scotland and they had nine children together including their first born Hannah Linnell who later married the landscape painter Samuel Palmer 4 In later life Linnell occupied himself with the burin publishing in 1833 a series of outlines from Michelangelo s frescoes in the Sistine Chapel and in 1840 superintending the issue of a selection of plates from the pictures in Buckingham Palace one of them a Titian landscape which he engraved in mezzotint At first he supported himself mainly by miniature painting and execution of larger portraits such as the likenesses of Mulready Richard Whately Peel and Thomas Carlyle Several of his portraits he engraved in line and mezzotint 2 He painted many subjects like the St John Preaching the Covenant of Abraham and the Journey to Emmaus in which while the landscape is usually prominent the figures are of sufficient importance to supply the title of the work But it is mainly in connexion with paintings of pure landscapes that his name is known His works commonly deal with some scene of typical uneventful English landscape which is made impressive by a gorgeous effect of sunrise or sunset They are full of true poetic feeling and are rich and glowing in colour 2 Linnell commanded large prices for his pictures and about 1850 he purchased a property at Redhill Surrey where he lived till his death on 20 January 1882 painting with unabated powers until within the last few years of his life He devoted himself to painting landscapes notably of the North Downs and Kentish Weald 5 His leisure was occupied with a study of the Bible in the original and he published several pamphlets and treatises of Biblical criticism Linnell was one of the best friends and kindest patrons of William Blake He gave him the two largest commissions he received for single series of designs 150 for drawings and engravings of The Inventions to the Book of Job and a like sum for those illustrative of Dante Aligheri 2 He was a friend of the painter Edward Thomas Daniell A blue plaque commemorates Linnell at Old Wyldes at North End Hampstead The plaque mentions that William Blake stayed with Linnell as his guest 6 His eldest son William Linnell 1826 1906 was also an artist most noted for his 1840 drawing of Smugglerius which is an ecorche sculpture of a man posed in imitation of the ancient Roman sculpture known as the Dying Gaul 7 8 Gallery edit nbsp Gravel pits of Kensington 1811 1812 Tate Britain nbsp In Dovedale 1814 Yale Center for British Art nbsp The Rest on the Flight into Egypt c 1827 Yale Center for British Art nbsp The Last Load 1853 Tate Britain nbsp Harvest Moon 1858 Tate Britain nbsp The Prophet Balaam and the Angel 1859 Museum of Fine Arts HoustonLegacy editLinnell has over 150 oil paintings in public ownership in the United Kingdom citation needed References edit Baskett Snelgrove amp Egerton 1972 p 132 a b c d Chisholm 1911 Clairmont et al 1995 p 4 John Linnell A Centennial Exhibition Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge catalogue 1982 Wilton amp Lyles 1993 p 339 Linnell John 1792 1882 amp Blake William 1757 1827 English Heritage Retrieved 14 March 2022 https www felicecalchi com smugglerius lang en https www swangallery co uk item1000473 oil paintings original oil painting by william linnell html text William 20Linnell 20Biography father s 20house 20at 20Redhill 2C 20SurreySources edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Lee Sidney ed 1893 Linnell John Dictionary of National Biography Vol 33 London Smith Elder amp Co Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Linnell John Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press Clairmont Clara Mary Jane Clairmont Charles Godwin Fanny Imlay Stocking Marion Kingston 1995 The Clairmont correspondence letters of Claire Clairmont Charles Clairmont and Fanny Imlay Godwin Volume 1 1080 1834 Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press ISBN 9 780 80184 633 5 Wilton Andrew Lyles Anne 1993 The great age of British watercolours 1750 1880 Munich Prestel ISBN 9 783 79131 879 0 Baskett John Snelgrove Dudley Egerton Judy 1972 English Drawings and Watercolors 1550 1850 In the Collection of Mr and Mrs Paul Mellon Pierpont Morgan Library and Paul Mellon 1st ed New York Harper amp Row pp 132 133 ISBN 978 0 87598 035 5 LCCN 77190656 Retrieved 17 October 2023 Further reading editCruan Katharine 1982 John Linnell a centennial exhibition Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 9 780 52124 737 5 Story Alfred Thomas 1892 The life of John Linnell Vol 1 London Richard Bentley and Son OCLC 1048309161 Story Alfred Thomas 1892 The life of John Linnell Vol 2 London Richard Bentley and Son OCLC 1048309161 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to John Linnell Artworks by or after Linnell at the Art UK site Linnell online ArtCyclopedia The John Linnell Archive at the Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John Linnell painter amp oldid 1217532177, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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