John I (27 December 1350 – 19 May 1396), called by posterity the Hunter[a] or the Lover of Elegance,[b] or the Abandoned[c] in his lifetime, was the King of Aragon from 1387 until his death.
John was the eldest son of Peter IV[1] and his third wife, Eleanor,[2] who was the daughter of Peter II of Sicily. He was born in Perpignan,[3] capital of the Rousillon, which at that time was part of the Principality of Catalonia, in the Crown of Aragon. He was a man of character, with a taste for verse. He was a Francophile[3] and married Violant of Bar against the wishes of his father,[3] who had wanted him to marry a princess of Sicily. His last marriage was happy. His wife frequently participated in government, since the king was often ill.[4]
Once on the throne, John abandoned his father's relatively Anglophile policy and made an alliance with France. He continued Aragon's support for the Pope of the Avignon line, Clement VII,[5] in the Western Schism. John also made an alliance with Castile, and confirmed in 1388 a treaty with Navarre fixing borders between these kingdoms.[5]
In 1389–90, the Aragonese battled the troops of the Count of Armagnac, John III, who was attempting to conquer the lands of the vassal Kingdom of Majorca. The attack went from Empordà to Girona. The invaders were defeated in 1390 by Aragonese troops commanded by John's brother Martin.
During 1388–90, John gradually lost all lands of the Duchies of Athens and Neopatras in Greece. In 1391, John promulgated legislation on Jews in different cities of the Kingdom of Aragon. Also in 1391, his administration faced a revolt in the vassal kingdom of Sicily, where the population had proclaimed Louis II of Naples as king.
John was a protector of culture of Barcelona. He established in 1393 the Consistory of Barcelona (jocs florals), imitating the same office in Toulouse.
Aragon had been attempting to subjugate Sardinia since the reign of James II, and gradually the Aragonese had conquered most of the island. However, in the 1380s, the remaining independent principality Arborea became a fortress of rebellion and the Aragonese were rapidly driven back by Eleanor de Bas-Serra. The Aragonese continued in John's reign to attempt to suppress rebels in Sardinia and regain lost territories. However, during John's reign, practically the whole of Sardinia was lost.
John's reign was characterized by disastrous financial administration.
He died during a hunt in forests near Foixà by a fall from his horse. Leaving no sons, he was succeeded by his younger brother Martin.[6]
James (Valencia, 24 June 1374 - Valencia, 22 August 1374)
Joanna (Daroca, October 1375 - Valencia, September 1407), who married on 4 June 1392 at Barcelona to Mathieu, Count of Foix. Together they claimed the throne of Aragon after her father's death. Matthew of Foix invaded Aragonese territories, but was driven back by the new King Martin. Joanna died soon after, childless.
John (Barcelona, 23 July 1376 – 24/31 July 1376)
Alfonso (9 September 1377 – 1377)
Eleanor (Zaragoza, 13 July 1378 – Zaragoza, 1378)[3]
Bisson, Thomas N. (1986). The Medieval Crown of Aragon: A Short History. Clarendon Press.
Lanz, Eukene Lacarra, ed. (2002). Marriage and Sexuality in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia. Routledge.
Matilla, Enrique Rodríguez-Picavea (1999). La Corona de Aragón (in Spanish). Ediciones Akal, S.A.
O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1975). A History of Medieval Spain. Cornell University Press.
Previte-Orton, C.W. (1960). The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. The Twelfth Century to the Renaissance. Cambridge at the University Press.
Gómez, Maricarmen: "Música y corte a fines del Medioevo: el episodio del Sur", in Historia de la música en España e Hispanoamérica 1. De los orígenes hasta c. 1470. Madrid-México D.F., Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2009. ISBN978-84-375-0638-8
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "John I of Aragon". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 440.
john, aragon, john, december, 1350, 1396, called, posterity, hunter, lover, elegance, abandoned, lifetime, king, aragon, from, 1387, until, death, john, itomb, effigyking, aragon, valencia, majorcacount, barcelonareign6, january, 1387, 1396predecessorpeter, iv. John I 27 December 1350 19 May 1396 called by posterity the Hunter a or the Lover of Elegance b or the Abandoned c in his lifetime was the King of Aragon from 1387 until his death John ITomb effigyKing of Aragon Valencia and MajorcaCount of BarcelonaReign6 January 1387 19 May 1396PredecessorPeter IVSuccessorMartinBorn27 December 1350PerpignanDied19 May 1396 1396 05 19 aged 45 FoixaBurialPoblet MonasterySpousesMartha of Armagnac m 1373 died 1378 wbr Violant of Bar m 1380 wbr Issueamong others Joanna Countess of FoixYolande Duchess of AnjouHouseHouse of BarcelonaFatherPeter IV of AragonMotherEleanor of SicilySignature Contents 1 Biography 2 Family and children 3 Ancestors 4 Notes 5 References 6 SourcesBiography editJohn was the eldest son of Peter IV 1 and his third wife Eleanor 2 who was the daughter of Peter II of Sicily He was born in Perpignan 3 capital of the Rousillon which at that time was part of the Principality of Catalonia in the Crown of Aragon He was a man of character with a taste for verse He was a Francophile 3 and married Violant of Bar against the wishes of his father 3 who had wanted him to marry a princess of Sicily His last marriage was happy His wife frequently participated in government since the king was often ill 4 Once on the throne John abandoned his father s relatively Anglophile policy and made an alliance with France He continued Aragon s support for the Pope of the Avignon line Clement VII 5 in the Western Schism John also made an alliance with Castile and confirmed in 1388 a treaty with Navarre fixing borders between these kingdoms 5 In 1389 90 the Aragonese battled the troops of the Count of Armagnac John III who was attempting to conquer the lands of the vassal Kingdom of Majorca The attack went from Emporda to Girona The invaders were defeated in 1390 by Aragonese troops commanded by John s brother Martin During 1388 90 John gradually lost all lands of the Duchies of Athens and Neopatras in Greece In 1391 John promulgated legislation on Jews in different cities of the Kingdom of Aragon Also in 1391 his administration faced a revolt in the vassal kingdom of Sicily where the population had proclaimed Louis II of Naples as king John was a protector of culture of Barcelona He established in 1393 the Consistory of Barcelona jocs florals imitating the same office in Toulouse Aragon had been attempting to subjugate Sardinia since the reign of James II and gradually the Aragonese had conquered most of the island However in the 1380s the remaining independent principality Arborea became a fortress of rebellion and the Aragonese were rapidly driven back by Eleanor de Bas Serra The Aragonese continued in John s reign to attempt to suppress rebels in Sardinia and regain lost territories However during John s reign practically the whole of Sardinia was lost John s reign was characterized by disastrous financial administration He died during a hunt in forests near Foixa by a fall from his horse Leaving no sons he was succeeded by his younger brother Martin 6 Family and children editFrom his first marriage on 24 June 1373 to Martha of Armagnac 18 February 1347 23 October 1378 3 daughter of Count Jean I of Armagnac James Valencia 24 June 1374 Valencia 22 August 1374 Joanna Daroca October 1375 Valencia September 1407 who married on 4 June 1392 at Barcelona to Mathieu Count of Foix Together they claimed the throne of Aragon after her father s death Matthew of Foix invaded Aragonese territories but was driven back by the new King Martin Joanna died soon after childless John Barcelona 23 July 1376 24 31 July 1376 Alfonso 9 September 1377 1377 Eleanor Zaragoza 13 July 1378 Zaragoza 1378 3 From his second marriage on 2 February 1380 to Yolande of Bar c 1365 3 July 1431 3 daughter of Robert I Duke of Bar and Marie of Valois 7 James 22 March 1382 1 September 1388 Duke of Girona and Count of Cervera Yolande Zaragoza 1384 Saumur 14 November 1442 married on 2 December 1400 to Louis II of Naples 8 Ferdinand 18 March 1389 Monzon October 1389 Duke of Girona and Count of Cervera Antonia 1391 1392 Eleanor 2 January 1393 July 1393 Peter 13 January 1394 January 1394 Duke of Girona and Count of Cervera Joanna 12 January 4 August 1396 Ancestors editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed June 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of John I of Aragon8 James II of Aragon4 Alfonso IV of Aragon9 Blanche of Anjou2 Peter IV of Aragon10 Gombald d Entenca5 Teresa d Entenca11 Constance of Antilon1 John I of Aragon12 Frederick III of Sicily6 Peter II of Sicily13 Eleanor of Anjou3 Eleanor of Sicily14 Otto III of Carinthia7 Elisabeth of Carinthia15 Euphemia of LegnicaNotes edit Joan el Cacador in Catalan Chuan lo Cazataire in Aragonese and Juan el Cazador in Castilian l Amador de la Gentilesa in Catalan and el Amador de la Gentileza in Castilian el Descurat in CatalanReferences edit O Callaghan 1975 p 682 Matilla 1999 p 46 a b c d e f Bisson 1986 p 121 Bisson 1986 p 122 a b Bisson 1986 p 123 Bisson 1986 p 125 Lanz 2002 pp 59 60 Previte Orton 1960 p 903 Sources editBisson Thomas N 1986 The Medieval Crown of Aragon A Short History Clarendon Press Lanz Eukene Lacarra ed 2002 Marriage and Sexuality in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia Routledge Matilla Enrique Rodriguez Picavea 1999 La Corona de Aragon in Spanish Ediciones Akal S A O Callaghan Joseph F 1975 A History of Medieval Spain Cornell University Press Previte Orton C W 1960 The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History Vol The Twelfth Century to the Renaissance Cambridge at the University Press Gomez Maricarmen Musica y corte a fines del Medioevo el episodio del Sur in Historia de la musica en Espana e Hispanoamerica 1 De los origenes hasta c 1470 Madrid Mexico D F Fondo de Cultura Economica 2009 ISBN 978 84 375 0638 8 nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 John I of Aragon Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 15 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 440 John I of AragonHouse of BarcelonaCadet branch of the House of BarcelonaBorn 27 December 1350 Died 19 May 1396Regnal titlesPreceded byPeter IV King of Aragon Valencia Majorca Sardinia and Corsica Count of Barcelona Roussillon and Cerdagne1387 1396 Succeeded byMartinDuke of Athens1387 1388 Succeeded byNerio I AcciaioliDuke of Neopatria1387 1390 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John I of Aragon amp oldid 1214786965, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
