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John D. Baldwin

January 01, 1970

For other people with the same name, see John Baldwin (disambiguation).

John Denison Baldwin (September 28, 1809 – July 8, 1883) was an American politician, Congregationalist minister, newspaper editor, and popular anthropological writer. He was a member of the Connecticut State House of Representatives and later a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts.

John Denison Baldwin
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 8th district
In office
March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1869
Preceded byCharles R. Train
Succeeded byGeorge Frisbie Hoar
Member of the Connecticut House of Representatives
from the Blank district
In office
1847–1852
Preceded byGeorge S. Catlin
Succeeded byWilliam W. Boardman
Personal details
BornSeptember 28, 1809
North Stonington, Connecticut, US
DiedJuly 8, 1883 (aged 73)
Worcester, Massachusetts, US
Political partyRepublican
SpouseLemira Hathaway
ProfessionMinister, Writer, Editor

Biography edit

Baldwin briefly studied law, but graduated with a degree in theology from Yale Divinity School in 1834. He became a Congregationalist minister and preached in West Woodstock, North Branford, and North Killingly, all in Connecticut. In 1839 Yale awarded him an honorary Master of Arts degree.

He became a member of the Connecticut State House of Representatives in 1847.

Baldwin was active in the Free Soil[1] and anti-slavery movements.[2] He edited anti-slavery journals the "Republican" (published in Hartford) and the "Commonwealth" (published in Boston), and from 1859 became the owner and editor of the "Worcester Spy," what George Frisbie Hoar called "one of the most influential papers in New England."[2]

From this time onwards Baldwin was resident in Worcester, Massachusetts. He was a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention, where Abraham Lincoln was nominated as Republican presidential candidate, and in 1863 he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives for Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. A "close friend" of both Charles Sumner and Henry Wilson,[3] Senators from Massachusetts, Baldwin served for three terms in the House, promoting full equal rights for black Americans in the wake of the Civil War. In 1869, when George F. Hoar was nominated as the Republican candidate for his seat, Baldwin returned full-time to his journalistic and anthropological work. He edited the Worcester Spy until his death in 1883. In 1867 Baldwin was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society.[4]

Family edit

Baldwin married Lemira Hathaway of Bristol County, Massachusetts on April 3, 1832, and they had four children. Two daughters died by the age of 21, and neither married. Both of Baldwin's sons survived into adulthood and became partners in their father's newspaper business. The elder, John Stanton Baldwin, served as a captain in the Fifty-first Massachusetts Regiment in the Union Army during the Civil War.[1]

John D Baldwin was a distant cousin of Roger Sherman and of the Baldwin, Hoar, and Sherman political family. He was also a direct descendant of Mayflower passenger John Billington.

Anthropological writings and beliefs edit

Baldwin conducted correspondence with many notable thinkers of his time, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Charles Darwin, James Russell Lowell, and particularly his friend Charles Sumner. He accepted Darwin's theory of evolution while maintaining a belief in the divine origin of "first forms."

In 1865 he was elected a corporate member of the American Oriental Society. Baldwin's anthropological writing posited the origins of human civilization as arising among an Arabian or Northeast African people, the Cushites, in pre-historic times.

In Ancient America, In Notes on American Archaeology he also speculated on the origins of the "Mound Builder" people then believed to have constructed the famous mounds around the Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys, suggesting that they had been an aboriginal people who had migrated northwards from Central America or Mexico. He rejected the then-common notion that they had been a lost European, Semitic, or Asiatic people who had been wiped out by the North American Indians, asserting on the contrary that the Mounds were "wholly original, wholly American" and "did not come from the Old World".[5] He did, however, still subscribe to the idea that these "Mound Builders" were not the same as the American Indian inhabitants of the region at that time, who he believed were a separate race originating in Asia.

Works edit

  • A scriptural view of the Messiah: Being the substance of a sermon delivered in the Methodist chapel, Dighton, Mass., on Sunday evening, May 27, 1832, Edmund Anthony, Office of Independent Gazette, 1832.
  • Lessons from the grave: A discourse delivered in North Branford, June 12, 1842, and occasioned by the death of Daniel Wheadon, Hitchcock & Stafford, 1842.
  • The story of Raymond Hill,: And other poems, W.D. Ticknor & Co, 1847.
  • STATE SOVEREIGNTY And TREASON. Speech of Hon. John D. Baldwin, of Massachusetts, Delivered in the House of Representatives, Washington, March 5, 1864, the House being in Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union., H. Polkinhorn, 1864.
  • Congress and Reconstruction: Speech of Hon. John D. Baldwin of Massachusetts in the House of Representatives, April 7, 1866, 1866.
  • Human rights and human races, Congressional Globe Office, 1868.
  • Human rights and human races : speech of Mr. Baldwin, of Massachusetts, delivered in the House of Representatives, January 11, 1868, in reply to a speech of Hon. James Brooks, of New York, on the Negro race., F. & J. Rives & G.A. Bailey, 1868.
  • Pre-Historic Nations; or, Inquiries Concerning Some of the Great Peoples and Civilizations of Antiquity, New York, Harper, 1869, ISBN 0-7661-0143-6.
  • Ancient America, in notes on American archæology, New York, Harper, 1871, ISBN 1-56459-657-5.
  • A record of the descendants of John Baldwin, of Stonington, Conn.: With notices of other Baldwins who settled in America in early colony times, Tyler & Seagrave, 1880.
  • Thomas Stanton of Stonington, Conn: An incomplete record of his descendants, Tyler & Seagrave, 1882.
  • A record of the descendants of Capt. George Denison of Stonington, Connecticut: With notices of his father and brothers, and some account of other Denisons who settled in America in the colony times.

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b "Captain John Stanton Baldwin, U.S.V.". Officers of the Volunteer Army and Navy who served in the Civil War. L.R. Hamersly & Co. (1893).
  2. ^ a b Hoar, George Frisbie. Autobiography of Seventy Years, Vol. 1–2. Chapter XII. New York, Scribner's Sons (1903). (available online via Gutenberg Project: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/19548)
  3. ^ Conteee, Clarence G (1976). . Supreme Court Historical Society 1976 Yearbook. The Supreme Court Historical Society. Archived from the original on July 13, 2007. Retrieved May 16, 2007.
  4. ^ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
  5. ^ Baldwin, John D., Ancient America, in notes on American archæology, New York, Harper, 1871, ISBN 1-56459-657-5.

References edit

  • "Samuel J. May Anti-Slavery Collection". Cornell University Library Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections. 2006. Retrieved May 16, 2007.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
john, baldwin, other, people, with, same, name, john, baldwin, disambiguation, john, denison, baldwin, september, 1809, july, 1883, american, politician, congregationalist, minister, newspaper, editor, popular, anthropological, writer, member, connecticut, sta. For other people with the same name see John Baldwin disambiguation John Denison Baldwin September 28 1809 July 8 1883 was an American politician Congregationalist minister newspaper editor and popular anthropological writer He was a member of the Connecticut State House of Representatives and later a member of the U S House of Representatives from Massachusetts John Denison BaldwinMember of the U S House of Representatives from Massachusetts s 8th districtIn office March 4 1863 March 3 1869Preceded byCharles R TrainSucceeded byGeorge Frisbie HoarMember of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the Blank districtIn office 1847 1852Preceded byGeorge S CatlinSucceeded byWilliam W BoardmanPersonal detailsBornSeptember 28 1809North Stonington Connecticut USDiedJuly 8 1883 aged 73 Worcester Massachusetts USPolitical partyRepublicanSpouseLemira HathawayProfessionMinister Writer Editor Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Family 2 Anthropological writings and beliefs 3 Works 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksBiography editBaldwin briefly studied law but graduated with a degree in theology from Yale Divinity School in 1834 He became a Congregationalist minister and preached in West Woodstock North Branford and North Killingly all in Connecticut In 1839 Yale awarded him an honorary Master of Arts degree He became a member of the Connecticut State House of Representatives in 1847 Baldwin was active in the Free Soil 1 and anti slavery movements 2 He edited anti slavery journals the Republican published in Hartford and the Commonwealth published in Boston and from 1859 became the owner and editor of the Worcester Spy what George Frisbie Hoar called one of the most influential papers in New England 2 From this time onwards Baldwin was resident in Worcester Massachusetts He was a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention where Abraham Lincoln was nominated as Republican presidential candidate and in 1863 he was elected to the U S House of Representatives for Massachusetts s 8th congressional district A close friend of both Charles Sumner and Henry Wilson 3 Senators from Massachusetts Baldwin served for three terms in the House promoting full equal rights for black Americans in the wake of the Civil War In 1869 when George F Hoar was nominated as the Republican candidate for his seat Baldwin returned full time to his journalistic and anthropological work He edited the Worcester Spy until his death in 1883 In 1867 Baldwin was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society 4 Family edit Baldwin married Lemira Hathaway of Bristol County Massachusetts on April 3 1832 and they had four children Two daughters died by the age of 21 and neither married Both of Baldwin s sons survived into adulthood and became partners in their father s newspaper business The elder John Stanton Baldwin served as a captain in the Fifty first Massachusetts Regiment in the Union Army during the Civil War 1 John D Baldwin was a distant cousin of Roger Sherman and of the Baldwin Hoar and Sherman political family He was also a direct descendant of Mayflower passenger John Billington Anthropological writings and beliefs editBaldwin conducted correspondence with many notable thinkers of his time including Ralph Waldo Emerson Charles Darwin James Russell Lowell and particularly his friend Charles Sumner He accepted Darwin s theory of evolution while maintaining a belief in the divine origin of first forms In 1865 he was elected a corporate member of the American Oriental Society Baldwin s anthropological writing posited the origins of human civilization as arising among an Arabian or Northeast African people the Cushites in pre historic times In Ancient America In Notes on American Archaeology he also speculated on the origins of the Mound Builder people then believed to have constructed the famous mounds around the Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys suggesting that they had been an aboriginal people who had migrated northwards from Central America or Mexico He rejected the then common notion that they had been a lost European Semitic or Asiatic people who had been wiped out by the North American Indians asserting on the contrary that the Mounds were wholly original wholly American and did not come from the Old World 5 He did however still subscribe to the idea that these Mound Builders were not the same as the American Indian inhabitants of the region at that time who he believed were a separate race originating in Asia Works editA scriptural view of the Messiah Being the substance of a sermon delivered in the Methodist chapel Dighton Mass on Sunday evening May 27 1832 Edmund Anthony Office of Independent Gazette 1832 Lessons from the grave A discourse delivered in North Branford June 12 1842 and occasioned by the death of Daniel Wheadon Hitchcock amp Stafford 1842 The story of Raymond Hill And other poems W D Ticknor amp Co 1847 STATE SOVEREIGNTY And TREASON Speech of Hon John D Baldwin of Massachusetts Delivered in the House of Representatives Washington March 5 1864 the House being in Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union H Polkinhorn 1864 Congress and Reconstruction Speech of Hon John D Baldwin of Massachusetts in the House of Representatives April 7 1866 1866 Human rights and human races Congressional Globe Office 1868 Human rights and human races speech of Mr Baldwin of Massachusetts delivered in the House of Representatives January 11 1868 in reply to a speech of Hon James Brooks of New York on the Negro race F amp J Rives amp G A Bailey 1868 Pre Historic Nations or Inquiries Concerning Some of the Great Peoples and Civilizations of Antiquity New York Harper 1869 ISBN 0 7661 0143 6 Ancient America in notes on American archaeology New York Harper 1871 ISBN 1 56459 657 5 A record of the descendants of John Baldwin of Stonington Conn With notices of other Baldwins who settled in America in early colony times Tyler amp Seagrave 1880 Thomas Stanton of Stonington Conn An incomplete record of his descendants Tyler amp Seagrave 1882 A record of the descendants of Capt George Denison of Stonington Connecticut With notices of his father and brothers and some account of other Denisons who settled in America in the colony times Notes edit a b Captain John Stanton Baldwin U S V Officers of the Volunteer Army and Navy who served in the Civil War L R Hamersly amp Co 1893 a b Hoar George Frisbie Autobiography of Seventy Years Vol 1 2 Chapter XII New York Scribner s Sons 1903 available online via Gutenberg Project https www gutenberg org ebooks 19548 Conteee Clarence G 1976 The Supreme Court Bar s First Black Member Supreme Court Historical Society 1976 Yearbook The Supreme Court Historical Society Archived from the original on July 13 2007 Retrieved May 16 2007 American Antiquarian Society Members Directory Baldwin John D Ancient America in notes on American archaeology New York Harper 1871 ISBN 1 56459 657 5 References editHoar George Frisbie Autobiography of Seventy Years Vol 1 2 New York Scribner s Sons 1903 available online via Gutenberg Project https www gutenberg org ebooks 19548 Kestenbaum Lawrence 2005 Connecticut State House of Representatives 1840s The Political Graveyard Retrieved May 15 2007 Samuel J May Anti Slavery Collection Cornell University Library Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections 2006 Retrieved May 16 2007 United States Congress John D Baldwin id B000091 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Captain John Stanton Baldwin U S V Officers of the Volunteer Army and Navy who served in the Civil War L R Hamersly amp Co 1893 External links editWorks by John Denison Baldwin at Project Gutenberg Works by or about John D Baldwin at Internet Archive John D Baldwin at Find a Grave Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John D Baldwin amp oldid 1220791436, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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