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John A. Macready

John Arthur Macready (October 14, 1887 – September 15, 1979) was an American test pilot and aviator. He was the only three-time recipient of the Mackay Trophy, and awarded in three consecutive years:[1] once for altitude flight, once for transcontinental flight, and once for an endurance flight of 36 hours, 4 minutes and 32 seconds.

John Arthur Macready
John A. Macready
Born(1887-10-14)October 14, 1887
San Diego, California, US
DiedSeptember 15, 1979(1979-09-15) (aged 91)
Mariposa, California, US
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Army Air Forces
Years of service1917–1926, 1942–1948
Rank Colonel
Battles/warsWorld War I
World War II
AwardsDistinguished Flying Cross
Legion of Merit
Mackay Trophy

History edit

Born in San Diego, California, Macready received a bachelor's degree in economics from Stanford University in 1912.[1] He enlisted in the Army in 1917, earning his pilot's wings at Rockwell Field, in San Diego. In 1923, Macready graduated from the Air Service Engineering School located at McCook Field in Dayton, Ohio. He quickly rose to the position of flight instructor at the Army Pilot School at Brooks Field, Texas. While based at Brooks Field, Lieutenant Macready wrote a basic flight manual for student pilots, The All Thru System of Flying Instructions. The book became the U.S. military's basic flight manual during the early years of aviation.

McCook Field edit

 
Lieutenant Macready (right) and McCook Field engineer E. Dormoy (left) in front of the 1st crop duster airplane
 
World first crop dusting experiment (August 3, 1921)

In 1918, Lieuteant Macready was assigned to McCook Field, the Army Signal Corps' new experimental test field in Dayton, Ohio.[2] On 3 August 1921, Lieutenant Macready became the first person to test fly an experimental aerial application system for spraying pesticides from an aircraft, flying the world's first "crop duster".[2][3]

In 1921, he set an altitude record of 34,509 feet (10,518 m) feet for which he was awarded the first of three consecutive Mackay trophies.[2][4] On September 28, 1921, he climbed to 40,800 feet (12,400 m) in an experimental Packard-Le Père LUSAC-11 biplane designed and modified at McCook Field with a special breathing apparatus to provide him oxygen during his ascent.[4][5]

October 5, 1922 Macready and Lieutenant Oakley G. Kelly set a world endurance record of 35 hours, 18 minutes and 30 seconds.

On 2–3 May 1923 with Kelly, Macready made the first non-stop coast-to-coast flight, from Roosevelt Field, formerly Mitchell Field, 2.3 miles south-east of Mineola, Long Island, New York to Rockwell Field, North Island, San Diego, California, with a total flight time of 26 hours, 50 minutes and 48 seconds. En route, he made the first in-flight aircraft engine repair in Air Service history, replacing a defective voltage regulator switch while the single engine, high wing Fokker T-2 Liberty mono-plane churned westward. The flight also set a new distance record for a single cross-country flight, 2,625 miles.

At McCook, he also became the first pilot to bail out of a stricken aircraft at night.[2] On 13 June 1924, while he was making a night airways flight from McCook Field to Columbus, Ohio and back, his engine died just as he was approaching Dayton. His first idea was to make an emergency landing, but the two flares he released failed to ignite. Even though no one had ever made an emergency jump at night, he decided to trust to his parachute and came down safely, though his parachute tangled in a tree and he required help to get to the ground.

World War II edit

Macready was recalled to active duty in World War II. He served as a colonel and commanded several Army Air Force groups, as well as serving in North Africa as inspector general for the Twelfth Air Force.[1] He retired from active duty in 1948.[4]

Mackay Trophy edit

Macready remains the only person to win the Mackay Trophy three times. The trophy is awarded for the year's greatest accomplishment in aviation by an American pilot. Lieuteant Macready won the trophy in three consecutive years.[2]

  • 1921 - The trophy was awarded for a series of high altitude test flights at McCook Field using the XC05A[6] involving the first use of supplemental oxygen. The flights established a world record altitude of 40,800 feet; the previous record being 39,596–ft set by a French aviator Callizo.[2]
  • 1922 - The trophy was awarded for a flight on 5–6 October 1922. Taking off on 5 October, an aircraft piloted by Macready and Lieutenant Oakley G. Kelly established a world flight endurance record of 35 hours 18.5 minutes over San Diego, California. This, and later endurance flights led to the development of the world's first air-to-air refueling system.[2]
  • 1923 - The trophy was awarded for the first non-stop coast-to-coast flight. The flight began on 2 May 1923, and concluded on 3 May. Macready and Kelly took off from Roosevelt Field, New York in a modified Fokker T-2 loaded with gasoline. The pair landed at Rockwell Field, in San Diego, California having completed the first nonstop U.S. transcontinental flight in an official time of 26 hours, 50 minutes and 38 3/5 seconds.[2]

Honors edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "John A. Macready". San Diego History Center. Retrieved May 26, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Cornelisse, Diana G. Splendid Vision, Unswerving Purpose: Developing Air Power for the United States Air Force During the First Century of Powered Flight. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio: U.S. Air Force Publications, 2002. ISBN 0-16-067599-5.
  3. ^ Houser, J.S. (1922), "The Airplane in Catalpa Sphinx Control", Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, Monthly Bulletin (7): 126–36
  4. ^ a b c . National Aviation Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on September 26, 2011. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
  5. ^ "Lieut. Macready Sets New Altitude Record By Flight of 40,800 Feet at Dayton Field", The New York Times, September 29, 1921, p. 1
  6. ^ . www.flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 2011-04-04.
  7. ^ Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006. ISBN 978-1-57864-397-4.

Media edit

He is the subject of a book written by his daughter Sally Macready Wallace.(see External links EarlyAviators)

External links edit

  • John A. Macready at Earlyaviators.com
Preceded by Human altitude record
1926-1927
Succeeded by

john, macready, other, people, named, john, macready, john, macready, disambiguation, john, arthur, macready, october, 1887, september, 1979, american, test, pilot, aviator, only, three, time, recipient, mackay, trophy, awarded, three, consecutive, years, once. For other people named John Macready see John Macready disambiguation John Arthur Macready October 14 1887 September 15 1979 was an American test pilot and aviator He was the only three time recipient of the Mackay Trophy and awarded in three consecutive years 1 once for altitude flight once for transcontinental flight and once for an endurance flight of 36 hours 4 minutes and 32 seconds John Arthur MacreadyJohn A MacreadyBorn 1887 10 14 October 14 1887San Diego California USDiedSeptember 15 1979 1979 09 15 aged 91 Mariposa California USAllegiance United States of AmericaService wbr branchUnited States Army Air ForcesYears of service1917 1926 1942 1948RankColonelBattles warsWorld War IWorld War IIAwardsDistinguished Flying CrossLegion of Merit Mackay Trophy Contents 1 History 2 McCook Field 3 World War II 4 Mackay Trophy 5 Honors 6 References 7 Media 8 External linksHistory editBorn in San Diego California Macready received a bachelor s degree in economics from Stanford University in 1912 1 He enlisted in the Army in 1917 earning his pilot s wings at Rockwell Field in San Diego In 1923 Macready graduated from the Air Service Engineering School located at McCook Field in Dayton Ohio He quickly rose to the position of flight instructor at the Army Pilot School at Brooks Field Texas While based at Brooks Field Lieutenant Macready wrote a basic flight manual for student pilots The All Thru System of Flying Instructions The book became the U S military s basic flight manual during the early years of aviation McCook Field edit nbsp Lieutenant Macready right and McCook Field engineer E Dormoy left in front of the 1st crop duster airplane nbsp World first crop dusting experiment August 3 1921 In 1918 Lieuteant Macready was assigned to McCook Field the Army Signal Corps new experimental test field in Dayton Ohio 2 On 3 August 1921 Lieutenant Macready became the first person to test fly an experimental aerial application system for spraying pesticides from an aircraft flying the world s first crop duster 2 3 In 1921 he set an altitude record of 34 509 feet 10 518 m feet for which he was awarded the first of three consecutive Mackay trophies 2 4 On September 28 1921 he climbed to 40 800 feet 12 400 m in an experimental Packard Le Pere LUSAC 11 biplane designed and modified at McCook Field with a special breathing apparatus to provide him oxygen during his ascent 4 5 October 5 1922 Macready and Lieutenant Oakley G Kelly set a world endurance record of 35 hours 18 minutes and 30 seconds On 2 3 May 1923 with Kelly Macready made the first non stop coast to coast flight from Roosevelt Field formerly Mitchell Field 2 3 miles south east of Mineola Long Island New York to Rockwell Field North Island San Diego California with a total flight time of 26 hours 50 minutes and 48 seconds En route he made the first in flight aircraft engine repair in Air Service history replacing a defective voltage regulator switch while the single engine high wing Fokker T 2 Liberty mono plane churned westward The flight also set a new distance record for a single cross country flight 2 625 miles At McCook he also became the first pilot to bail out of a stricken aircraft at night 2 On 13 June 1924 while he was making a night airways flight from McCook Field to Columbus Ohio and back his engine died just as he was approaching Dayton His first idea was to make an emergency landing but the two flares he released failed to ignite Even though no one had ever made an emergency jump at night he decided to trust to his parachute and came down safely though his parachute tangled in a tree and he required help to get to the ground World War II editMacready was recalled to active duty in World War II He served as a colonel and commanded several Army Air Force groups as well as serving in North Africa as inspector general for the Twelfth Air Force 1 He retired from active duty in 1948 4 Mackay Trophy editMacready remains the only person to win the Mackay Trophy three times The trophy is awarded for the year s greatest accomplishment in aviation by an American pilot Lieuteant Macready won the trophy in three consecutive years 2 1921 The trophy was awarded for a series of high altitude test flights at McCook Field using the XC05A 6 involving the first use of supplemental oxygen The flights established a world record altitude of 40 800 feet the previous record being 39 596 ft set by a French aviator Callizo 2 1922 The trophy was awarded for a flight on 5 6 October 1922 Taking off on 5 October an aircraft piloted by Macready and Lieutenant Oakley G Kelly established a world flight endurance record of 35 hours 18 5 minutes over San Diego California This and later endurance flights led to the development of the world s first air to air refueling system 2 1923 The trophy was awarded for the first non stop coast to coast flight The flight began on 2 May 1923 and concluded on 3 May Macready and Kelly took off from Roosevelt Field New York in a modified Fokker T 2 loaded with gasoline The pair landed at Rockwell Field in San Diego California having completed the first nonstop U S transcontinental flight in an official time of 26 hours 50 minutes and 38 3 5 seconds 2 Honors editMacready was enshrined in the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 1968 In 1976 Macready was inducted into the International Air amp Space Hall of Fame 7 References edit a b c John A Macready San Diego History Center Retrieved May 26 2011 a b c d e f g h Cornelisse Diana G Splendid Vision Unswerving Purpose Developing Air Power for the United States Air Force During the First Century of Powered Flight Wright Patterson Air Force Base Ohio U S Air Force Publications 2002 ISBN 0 16 067599 5 Houser J S 1922 The Airplane in Catalpa Sphinx Control Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station Monthly Bulletin 7 126 36 a b c John Macready Record Setter National Aviation Hall of Fame Archived from the original on September 26 2011 Retrieved June 2 2011 Lieut Macready Sets New Altitude Record By Flight of 40 800 Feet at Dayton Field The New York Times September 29 1921 p 1 engineering division le pere air service 1926 0080 Flight Archive www flightglobal com Archived from the original on 2011 04 04 Sprekelmeyer Linda editor These We Honor The International Aerospace Hall of Fame Donning Co Publishers 2006 ISBN 978 1 57864 397 4 Media editHe is the subject of a book written by his daughter Sally Macready Wallace see External links EarlyAviators External links editJohn A Macready at Earlyaviators comPreceded byJoseph Sadi Lecointe Human altitude record1926 1927 Succeeded byHawthorne C Gray Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John A Macready amp oldid 1195154670, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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