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Jesu, meine Freude

January 01, 1970

For the composition by Johann Sebastian Bach, see Jesu, meine Freude, BWV 227.

"Jesu, meine Freude" ([ˈjeːzu ˈmaɪnə ˈfʁɔʏdə]; Jesus, my joy) is a hymn in German, written by Johann Franck in 1650,[1] with a melody, Zahn No. 8032, by Johann Crüger. The song first appeared in Crüger's hymnal Praxis pietatis melica in 1653. The text addresses Jesus as joy and support, versus enemies and the vanity of existence. The poetry is bar form, with irregular lines from 5 to 8 syllables. The melody repeats the first line as the last, framing each of the six stanzas.

"Jesu, meine Freude"
Hymn by Johann Crüger
The hymn in Johann Crüger's Praxis pietatis melica, 1653
English"Jesus, Priceless Treasure"
CatalogueZahn 8032
TextJohann Franck
LanguageGerman
Published1653 (1653)

Several English translations have been made of the hymn, including Catherine Winkworth's "Jesu, priceless treasure" in 1869,[2] and it has appeared in around 40 hymnals.[3] There have been choral and organ settings of the hymn by many composers, including by Johann Sebastian Bach in a motet, BWV 227, for unaccompanied chorus, and a chorale prelude, BWV 610, for organ. In the modern German Protestant hymnal, Evangelisches Gesangbuch, it is No. 396.[4][5]

Text edit

The text is presented in six stanzas of nine lines each. It is in bar form; three lines form the Stollen, three the Abgesang, with the meter 6.6.5.6.6.5.7.8.6.[3] The last line of the last stanza repeats the first line of the first stanza. The song is written in the first person, addressing Jesus. The theme of turning away from the world and to Jesus made the hymn suitable for funerals, seen as the ultimate turning away from the world:

  1. Jesu, meine Freude (Jesus, my joy)
  2. Unter deinem Schirmen (Beneath your protection)
  3. Trotz dem alten Drachen (I defy the old dragon)
  4. Weg mit allen Schätzen (Away with all treasures)
  5. Gute Nacht, o Wesen (Good night, existence)
  6. Weicht, ihr Trauergeister (Go away, mournful spirits)[1]

The first stanza sets the theme of love to Jesus and the desire to be united with him, who is named Lamb, as in Revelation 5:6, and Bridegroom, based on Revelation 22:17.[6] It is a parody of the love song "Flora, meine Freude", published in 1645 by Heinrich Albert, organist at the Königsberg Cathedral.[7] The second stanza describes the protection of Jesus against threats by Satan, enemies, thunder, hell and sin, all pictured in drastic images.

The third stanza repeats three times Trotz (defiance), facing the enemies "old dragon" (alter Drachen), death (Tod), and fear (Furcht). The believer, feeling safe even in adverse conditions as expressed in Psalms 23:4, stands and sings (Ich steh hier und singe).[6] The fourth stanza turns away from worldly treasures and honours, which should not separate the believer from Jesus. The fifth stanza repeats four times "Gute Nacht" (Good night), to existence in the world, to sins, to pride and pomp, and to a life of vice.[6] The last stanza imagines the entry of Jesus as the "Freudenmeister" (master of joys), as a comforter in every misery.[6] It alludes to Jesus entering after the resurrection (Luke 24:36).[7]

Hymn tune and musical settings edit

 
The tablature score of Buxtehude's cantata BuxWV 60

The hymn tune, Zahn 8032,[8] in E minor culminates in the long phrase of line 8 and repeats line 1 in line 9, framing the stanza.[9] One of the earliest choral settings occurs in the cantata BuxWV 60 by Dieterich Buxtehude, composed in the 1680s.[10] David Pohle set it for four voices, three instruments and continuo.[11]

Settings by Christoph Graupner edit

 
"Gute Nacht, o Wesen / Weicht, ihr Trauergeister"
From Graupner's cantata Meine Seufzer, meine Klagen (GWV 1154/09b)[12]
"Trotz dem alten Drachen"
From Graupner's cantata Wer unter dem Schirm des Höchsten (GWV 1120/51)[13]
Problems playing these files? See media help.

The most prolific arranger of the tune was Christoph Graupner, who, between 1709 and 1753 produced 36 original settings for performance within his cantatas for Sundays and feast days of the church calendar.[14] Graupner uses a variety of orchestrations for these settings. For instance, in his very first setting, which ends his second cantata for the 13th Sunday after Trinity 1709 Meine Seufzer, meine Klagen (GWV 1154/09b) the accompaniment is scored for unison violins, viola and continuo.[12] On the other hand, the setting of two stanzas from the text Nun ist auferstanden in Graupner's cantata Was sucht ihr den Lebendigen bei den Toten (GWV 1128/47) for Easter Sunday 1747 calls for a pair of trumpets and four timpani.[15] Characteristic of many of Graupner's chorale settings, he often accompanies Jesu, meine Freude with virtuoso instrumental parts. A fine example is his setting of the third stanza of Jesu, meine Freude, Trotz dem alten Drachen which concludes his 1751 cantata for the first Sunday of Lent Wer unter dem Schirm des Höchsten (GWV 1120/51).[13]

Settings by Johann Sebastian Bach edit

The hymn is the basis for Johann Sebastian Bach's motet of the same name, BWV 227.[16] Scored for five vocal parts—two sopranos (S), alto (A), tenor (T) and bass (B)—Bach alternates the stanzas of the chorale and text from Paul's epistle to the Romans. Within an overall symmetrical structure, he varies his treatment of the verses of the hymn: stanzas 1 and 6 (transcribed below) are the same simple four part setting; stanzas 2 and 4 are settings with the cantus firmus in the soprano and an expressive accompaniment in the lower three or four voices; stanza 5 is a chorale fantasia with the cantus firmus in the alto; and stanza 3 is based on a free paraphrase of the hymn tune.[6][16]

 

Bach also used the tune as a cantus firmus, played by a trumpet, in an aria of his cantata Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12 (1714). He closed Sehet, welch eine Liebe hat uns der Vater erzeiget, BWV 64, a Christmas cantata of 1723, with the fifth stanza, and his 1724 cantata Jesus schläft, was soll ich hoffen? BWV 81, with the second stanza.[9] The closing chorale of cantata Bisher habt ihr nichts gebeten in meinem Namen, BWV 87, (1725) is a stanza from a hymn by Heinrich Müller on the same tune.[9] Bach set the hymn for organ in BWV 610, one of the chorale preludes in his Orgelbüchlein.

Others edit

Other Baroque composers who have composed chorale preludes on the hymn tune include Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow, Johann Gottfried Walther and George Frideric Handel (HWV 480).[9] Later chorale preludes included a work by Friedrich Wilhelm Marpurg,[9] while Johann Gottfried Müthel wrote variations in D minor on the tune.[17] Felix Mendelssohn wrote a chorale cantata on the hymn for choir and orchestra in 1828.[18] Max Reger composed a prelude as No. 21 of his 52 Chorale Preludes, Op. 67 in 1902.[19] Preludes were also written by Sigfrid Karg-Elert (Op. 87, No. 2), Reinhard Schwarz-Schilling (1927), Karl Höller (Op. 22, 1936), Joseph Ahrens (1942) and Max Drischner (1945).[9]

Günther Marks composed in 1970 a partita for viola and organ on the tune.[20] In 2005, Gerhard Präsent arranged Bach's chorale prelude for string quartet, in Three Choral Preludes and Aria by Johann Sebastian Bach, completed and arranged for string quartet, also in a version for string trio.[21] Steven Sametz composed a Fantasia on "Jesu, meine Freude" for SATB choir and digitally delayed treble instrument in 2009.[22]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Browne, Francis (2006). "Jesu, meine Freude / Text and Translation of Chorale". Bach Cantatas Website. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
  2. ^ "Jesu, meine Freude". ccel.org. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  3. ^ a b "Jesu, meine Freude". hymnary.org. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
  4. ^ Herbst, Wolfgang; Alpermann, Ilsabe, eds. (2011). "396 Jesu, meine Freude". Liederkunde zum Evangelischen Gesangbuch (in German). Vol. 16. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-64-750302-8.
  5. ^ Materialien / Jesu, meine Freude (EG: 396) (in German) reformation-und-musik.de
  6. ^ a b c d e Thönnes, Dietmar (2012). "Theologisch-musikalische Interpretation der Kantate "Jesu, meine Freude" von Johann Sebastian Bach (BWV 227)" (PDF) (in German). cantilena.de. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  7. ^ a b Storz, Harald (2006). "Predigt über "Jesu, meine Freude"" (in German). predigtpreis.de. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  8. ^ Zahn, Johannes (1891). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder (in German). Vol. IV. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. p. 651.
  9. ^ a b c d e f "Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works / Jesu, meine Freude". Bach Cantatas Website. 2006. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
  10. ^ Graulich, Günter, ed. (1990). Dietrich Buxtehude: Jesu, meine Freude / Jesus, my salvation – BuxWV 60 (PDF) (Urtext, full score). Stuttgarter Buxtehude-Ausgaben (in German and English). Translated by Lunn, Jean. Continuo realisation by Horn, Paul. Carus. CV 36.011.
  11. ^ Snyder, Kerala J. "Pohle, David". Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 18 June 2020.(subscription required)
  12. ^ a b "Christoph Graupner - Meine Seufzer meine Klagen - GWV 1154/09b (Digitized manuscript)". Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  13. ^ a b "Christoph Graupner - Wer unter dem Schirm des Höchsten - GWV 1120/51 (Digitized manuscript)". Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  14. ^ Klupp Taylor, Robin. "Christoph Graupner - A Chorale Database". Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  15. ^ "Christoph Graupner - Was sucht ihr den Lebendigen bei den Toten - GWV 1128/47 (Digitized manuscript)". Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  16. ^ a b Graulich, Günter; Wolf, Uwe, eds. (2003). Johann Sebastian Bach: Jesu, meine Freude / Jesus, my salvation – BWV 227 (PDF) (Urtext, full score). Stuttgarter Bach-Ausgaben (in German and English). Translated by Lunn, Jean. Continuo realisation by Horn, Paul. Carus. CV 31.227.
  17. ^ Johann Gottfried Muethel (1728–1788) / Complete Fantasies / Choral Preludes aeolus-music.com
  18. ^ "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy: Jesu, thou my pleasure full score". Carus-Verlag. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  19. ^ "Zweiundfünfzig leicht ausführbare Vorspiele zu den gebräuchlichsten evangelischen Chorälen Op. 67 / für Orgel" (in German). Max-Reger-Institute. 2017. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  20. ^ "Günther Marks / Jesu, thou my pleasure / Jesu, meine Freude". Carus-Verlag. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  21. ^ . ALEA Ensemble. Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  22. ^ "Fantasia on "Jesu, meine Freude"". Steven Sametz. 2009. Retrieved 4 November 2014.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
jesu, meine, freude, composition, johann, sebastian, bach, ˈjeːzu, ˈmaɪnə, ˈfʁɔʏdə, jesus, hymn, german, written, johann, franck, 1650, with, melody, zahn, 8032, johann, crüger, song, first, appeared, crüger, hymnal, praxis, pietatis, melica, 1653, text, addre. For the composition by Johann Sebastian Bach see Jesu meine Freude BWV 227 Jesu meine Freude ˈjeːzu ˈmaɪne ˈfʁɔʏde Jesus my joy is a hymn in German written by Johann Franck in 1650 1 with a melody Zahn No 8032 by Johann Cruger The song first appeared in Cruger s hymnal Praxis pietatis melica in 1653 The text addresses Jesus as joy and support versus enemies and the vanity of existence The poetry is bar form with irregular lines from 5 to 8 syllables The melody repeats the first line as the last framing each of the six stanzas Jesu meine Freude Hymn by Johann CrugerThe hymn in Johann Cruger s Praxis pietatis melica 1653English Jesus Priceless Treasure CatalogueZahn 8032TextJohann FranckLanguageGermanPublished1653 1653 Several English translations have been made of the hymn including Catherine Winkworth s Jesu priceless treasure in 1869 2 and it has appeared in around 40 hymnals 3 There have been choral and organ settings of the hymn by many composers including by Johann Sebastian Bach in a motet BWV 227 for unaccompanied chorus and a chorale prelude BWV 610 for organ In the modern German Protestant hymnal Evangelisches Gesangbuch it is No 396 4 5 Contents 1 Text 2 Hymn tune and musical settings 2 1 Settings by Christoph Graupner 2 2 Settings by Johann Sebastian Bach 2 3 Others 3 References 4 External linksText editThe text is presented in six stanzas of nine lines each It is in bar form three lines form the Stollen three the Abgesang with the meter 6 6 5 6 6 5 7 8 6 3 The last line of the last stanza repeats the first line of the first stanza The song is written in the first person addressing Jesus The theme of turning away from the world and to Jesus made the hymn suitable for funerals seen as the ultimate turning away from the world Jesu meine Freude Jesus my joy Unter deinem Schirmen Beneath your protection Trotz dem alten Drachen I defy the old dragon Weg mit allen Schatzen Away with all treasures Gute Nacht o Wesen Good night existence Weicht ihr Trauergeister Go away mournful spirits 1 The first stanza sets the theme of love to Jesus and the desire to be united with him who is named Lamb as in Revelation 5 6 and Bridegroom based on Revelation 22 17 6 It is a parody of the love song Flora meine Freude published in 1645 by Heinrich Albert organist at the Konigsberg Cathedral 7 The second stanza describes the protection of Jesus against threats by Satan enemies thunder hell and sin all pictured in drastic images The third stanza repeats three times Trotz defiance facing the enemies old dragon alter Drachen death Tod and fear Furcht The believer feeling safe even in adverse conditions as expressed in Psalms 23 4 stands and sings Ich steh hier und singe 6 The fourth stanza turns away from worldly treasures and honours which should not separate the believer from Jesus The fifth stanza repeats four times Gute Nacht Good night to existence in the world to sins to pride and pomp and to a life of vice 6 The last stanza imagines the entry of Jesus as the Freudenmeister master of joys as a comforter in every misery 6 It alludes to Jesus entering after the resurrection Luke 24 36 7 Hymn tune and musical settings edit nbsp The tablature score of Buxtehude s cantata BuxWV 60 The hymn tune Zahn 8032 8 in E minor culminates in the long phrase of line 8 and repeats line 1 in line 9 framing the stanza 9 One of the earliest choral settings occurs in the cantata BuxWV 60 by Dieterich Buxtehude composed in the 1680s 10 David Pohle set it for four voices three instruments and continuo 11 Settings by Christoph Graupner edit nbsp Gute Nacht o Wesen Weicht ihr Trauergeister source source From Graupner s cantata Meine Seufzer meine Klagen GWV 1154 09b 12 Trotz dem alten Drachen source source From Graupner s cantata Wer unter dem Schirm des Hochsten GWV 1120 51 13 Problems playing these files See media help The most prolific arranger of the tune was Christoph Graupner who between 1709 and 1753 produced 36 original settings for performance within his cantatas for Sundays and feast days of the church calendar 14 Graupner uses a variety of orchestrations for these settings For instance in his very first setting which ends his second cantata for the 13th Sunday after Trinity 1709 Meine Seufzer meine Klagen GWV 1154 09b the accompaniment is scored for unison violins viola and continuo 12 On the other hand the setting of two stanzas from the text Nun ist auferstanden in Graupner s cantata Was sucht ihr den Lebendigen bei den Toten GWV 1128 47 for Easter Sunday 1747 calls for a pair of trumpets and four timpani 15 Characteristic of many of Graupner s chorale settings he often accompanies Jesu meine Freude with virtuoso instrumental parts A fine example is his setting of the third stanza of Jesu meine Freude Trotz dem alten Drachen which concludes his 1751 cantata for the first Sunday of Lent Wer unter dem Schirm des Hochsten GWV 1120 51 13 Settings by Johann Sebastian Bach edit The hymn is the basis for Johann Sebastian Bach s motet of the same name BWV 227 16 Scored for five vocal parts two sopranos S alto A tenor T and bass B Bach alternates the stanzas of the chorale and text from Paul s epistle to the Romans Within an overall symmetrical structure he varies his treatment of the verses of the hymn stanzas 1 and 6 transcribed below are the same simple four part setting stanzas 2 and 4 are settings with the cantus firmus in the soprano and an expressive accompaniment in the lower three or four voices stanza 5 is a chorale fantasia with the cantus firmus in the alto and stanza 3 is based on a free paraphrase of the hymn tune 6 16 nbsp source Audio playback is not supported in your browser You can download the audio file Bach also used the tune as a cantus firmus played by a trumpet in an aria of his cantata Weinen Klagen Sorgen Zagen BWV 12 1714 He closed Sehet welch eine Liebe hat uns der Vater erzeiget BWV 64 a Christmas cantata of 1723 with the fifth stanza and his 1724 cantata Jesus schlaft was soll ich hoffen BWV 81 with the second stanza 9 The closing chorale of cantata Bisher habt ihr nichts gebeten in meinem Namen BWV 87 1725 is a stanza from a hymn by Heinrich Muller on the same tune 9 Bach set the hymn for organ in BWV 610 one of the chorale preludes in his Orgelbuchlein Others edit Other Baroque composers who have composed chorale preludes on the hymn tune include Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow Johann Gottfried Walther and George Frideric Handel HWV 480 9 Later chorale preludes included a work by Friedrich Wilhelm Marpurg 9 while Johann Gottfried Muthel wrote variations in D minor on the tune 17 Felix Mendelssohn wrote a chorale cantata on the hymn for choir and orchestra in 1828 18 Max Reger composed a prelude as No 21 of his 52 Chorale Preludes Op 67 in 1902 19 Preludes were also written by Sigfrid Karg Elert Op 87 No 2 Reinhard Schwarz Schilling 1927 Karl Holler Op 22 1936 Joseph Ahrens 1942 and Max Drischner 1945 9 Gunther Marks composed in 1970 a partita for viola and organ on the tune 20 In 2005 Gerhard Prasent arranged Bach s chorale prelude for string quartet in Three Choral Preludes and Aria by Johann Sebastian Bach completed and arranged for string quartet also in a version for string trio 21 Steven Sametz composed a Fantasia on Jesu meine Freude for SATB choir and digitally delayed treble instrument in 2009 22 References edit a b Browne Francis 2006 Jesu meine Freude Text and Translation of Chorale Bach Cantatas Website Retrieved 11 May 2014 Jesu meine Freude ccel org Retrieved 12 May 2014 a b Jesu meine Freude hymnary org Retrieved 11 May 2014 Herbst Wolfgang Alpermann Ilsabe eds 2011 396 Jesu meine Freude Liederkunde zum Evangelischen Gesangbuch in German Vol 16 Vandenhoeck amp Ruprecht ISBN 978 3 64 750302 8 Materialien Jesu meine Freude EG 396 in German reformation und musik de a b c d e Thonnes Dietmar 2012 Theologisch musikalische Interpretation der Kantate Jesu meine Freude von Johann Sebastian Bach BWV 227 PDF in German cantilena de Retrieved 12 May 2014 a b Storz Harald 2006 Predigt uber Jesu meine Freude in German predigtpreis de Retrieved 12 May 2014 Zahn Johannes 1891 Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder in German Vol IV Gutersloh Bertelsmann p 651 a b c d e f Chorale Melodies used in Bach s Vocal Works Jesu meine Freude Bach Cantatas Website 2006 Retrieved 11 May 2014 Graulich Gunter ed 1990 Dietrich Buxtehude Jesu meine Freude Jesus my salvation BuxWV 60 PDF Urtext full score Stuttgarter Buxtehude Ausgaben in German and English Translated by Lunn Jean Continuo realisation by Horn Paul Carus CV 36 011 Snyder Kerala J Pohle David Grove Music Online Oxford University Press Retrieved 18 June 2020 subscription required a b Christoph Graupner Meine Seufzer meine Klagen GWV 1154 09b Digitized manuscript Universitats und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt Retrieved 22 November 2021 a b Christoph Graupner Wer unter dem Schirm des Hochsten GWV 1120 51 Digitized manuscript Universitats und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt Retrieved 22 November 2021 Klupp Taylor Robin Christoph Graupner A Chorale Database Retrieved 22 November 2021 Christoph Graupner Was sucht ihr den Lebendigen bei den Toten GWV 1128 47 Digitized manuscript Universitats und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt Retrieved 22 November 2021 a b Graulich Gunter Wolf Uwe eds 2003 Johann Sebastian Bach Jesu meine Freude Jesus my salvation BWV 227 PDF Urtext full score Stuttgarter Bach Ausgaben in German and English Translated by Lunn Jean Continuo realisation by Horn Paul Carus CV 31 227 Johann Gottfried Muethel 1728 1788 Complete Fantasies Choral Preludes aeolus music com Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy Jesu thou my pleasure full score Carus Verlag Retrieved 7 January 2021 Zweiundfunfzig leicht ausfuhrbare Vorspiele zu den gebrauchlichsten evangelischen Choralen Op 67 fur Orgel in German Max Reger Institute 2017 Retrieved 15 February 2017 Gunther Marks Jesu thou my pleasure Jesu meine Freude Carus Verlag Retrieved 4 November 2014 Gerhard Prasent Werke Details ALEA Ensemble Archived from the original on 4 November 2014 Retrieved 4 November 2014 Fantasia on Jesu meine Freude Steven Sametz 2009 Retrieved 4 November 2014 External links editJesu meine Freude Scores at the International Music Score Library Project Jesu meine Freude BWV 358 performed by the Netherlands Bach Society Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jesu meine Freude amp oldid 1187983945, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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