"Tadpole fish" redirects here. For the northeast Atlantic gadid, see Raniceps raninus. For the southern oceans morid Guttigadus globosus, see Tadpole cod.
The jellynose fishes or tadpole fishes are the small orderAteleopodiformes. This group of ray-finned fish is monotypic, containing a single family Ateleopodidae. It has about a dozen species in four genera, but these enigmatic fishes are in need of taxonomic revision. [1]
Their skeletons are largely cartilage (hence "jellynose"), although they are true teleosts and not closely related to Chondrichthyes. The heads are large, with a bulbous nose, and the (usually) elongated body tapers towards the tail. Their caudal fins are very small, and except for Guentherus, it is merged with the long anal fin (which has 70 fin rays or more). The pelvic fins of juveniles have up to 10 rays, but in adults this is reduced to a single elongated ray at the throat. Again, Guentherus is an exception, retaining several fins as adults and having ventral fins that are located behind (not below) the pectoral fins. Dorsal fins tend to be high, with a rather short base (9-13 rays, but in some as few as three); they are placed just behind the head. They have seven branchiostegal rays. The species have a range of sizes, the longest reaching 2 m (6.6 ft).[3] A swim bladder is absent, and some species also lack scales.[4]
Most of the species are poorly known, but the highfin tadpole fish (Guentherus altivelis) is of potential interest for commercial fishing[citation needed].
Systematicsedit
Together with their relatives, the Stomiiformes, the jellynoses are often placed in the teleostsuperorderStenopterygii. Whether it is indeed justified to accept such a small group is doubtful; it may well be that the closest living relatives of the "Stenopterygii" are found among the superorder Protacanthopterygii, and that the former would need to be merged in the latter. In some classifications, the "Stenopterygii" are kept separate but included with the Protacanthopterygii and the monotypic superorder Cyclosquamata in an unranked clade called Euteleostei. That would probably require splitting two additional monotypic superorders out of the Protacanthopterygii, and is probably not ideal due to the profusion of very small taxa it would create. In fact, in some treatments, the jellynose fishes are even placed in yet another monotypic superorder, the Ateleopodomorpha.[5]
The Ateleopodidae have also been placed in the Lampriformes or Myctophiformes, which otherwise constitute additional superorders. The relationships of these to the taxa mentioned before is still not well resolved at all, and regardless whether one calls them Protacanthopterygii sensu lato or Euteleostei, the phylogeny of this group of moderately advanced Teleostei is in need of further study.[6]
Diogo, Rui (2008): On the cephalic and pectoral girdle muscles of the deep sea fish Alepocephalus rostratus, with comments on the functional morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the Alepocephaloidei (Teleostei). Anim. Biol.58(1): 23–29. doi:10.1163/157075608X303636
FishBase (2000): Order Ateleopodiformes. Version of 2000-OCT-17. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28.
Olney, John E. (1998): Ateleopodiformes. In:Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.): Encyclopedia of Fishes: 158. Academic Press, San Diego. ISBN0-12-547665-5
Woodhouse, S.C. (1910): English-Greek Dictionary - A Vocabulary of the Attic Language. George Routledge & Sons Ltd., Broadway House, Ludgate Hill, E.C. Searchable JPEG fulltext
External linksedit
National Geographic News, , September 22, 2009 (includes video of a possible new species of Jellynose)
April 10, 2024
jellynose, fish, tadpole, fish, redirects, here, northeast, atlantic, gadid, raniceps, raninus, southern, oceans, morid, guttigadus, globosus, tadpole, jellynose, fishes, tadpole, fishes, small, order, ateleopodiformes, this, group, finned, fish, monotypic, co. Tadpole fish redirects here For the northeast Atlantic gadid see Raniceps raninus For the southern oceans morid Guttigadus globosus see Tadpole cod The jellynose fishes or tadpole fishes are the small order Ateleopodiformes This group of ray finned fish is monotypic containing a single family Ateleopodidae It has about a dozen species in four genera but these enigmatic fishes are in need of taxonomic revision 1 Jellynose fishesDeep water ateleopid fish Ijimaia plicatellus Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiClade NeoteleosteiOrder AteleopodiformesFamily AteleopodidaeBonaparte 1850Type speciesAteleopus japonicusBleeker 1853GeneraAteleopus Guentherus Ijimaia ParateleopusThe scientific name means Ateleopus shaped from Ateleopus the type genus the standard fish order suffix formes It ultimately derives from Ancient Greek ateles ἀtelhs imperfect pous poys foot Latin forma external form the Greek part in reference to the reduced pectoral and ventral fins of the jellynoses 2 Contents 1 Description and ecology 2 Systematics 3 References 4 External linksDescription and ecology editJellynoses are deep water bottom dwelling marine fishes They are known from the Caribbean Sea eastern Atlantic the western and central Indopacific and the Pacific coast of Central America 3 Their skeletons are largely cartilage hence jellynose although they are true teleosts and not closely related to Chondrichthyes The heads are large with a bulbous nose and the usually elongated body tapers towards the tail Their caudal fins are very small and except for Guentherus it is merged with the long anal fin which has 70 fin rays or more The pelvic fins of juveniles have up to 10 rays but in adults this is reduced to a single elongated ray at the throat Again Guentherus is an exception retaining several fins as adults and having ventral fins that are located behind not below the pectoral fins Dorsal fins tend to be high with a rather short base 9 13 rays but in some as few as three they are placed just behind the head They have seven branchiostegal rays The species have a range of sizes the longest reaching 2 m 6 6 ft 3 A swim bladder is absent and some species also lack scales 4 Most of the species are poorly known but the highfin tadpole fish Guentherus altivelis is of potential interest for commercial fishing citation needed Systematics editTogether with their relatives the Stomiiformes the jellynoses are often placed in the teleost superorder Stenopterygii Whether it is indeed justified to accept such a small group is doubtful it may well be that the closest living relatives of the Stenopterygii are found among the superorder Protacanthopterygii and that the former would need to be merged in the latter In some classifications the Stenopterygii are kept separate but included with the Protacanthopterygii and the monotypic superorder Cyclosquamata in an unranked clade called Euteleostei That would probably require splitting two additional monotypic superorders out of the Protacanthopterygii and is probably not ideal due to the profusion of very small taxa it would create In fact in some treatments the jellynose fishes are even placed in yet another monotypic superorder the Ateleopodomorpha 5 The Ateleopodidae have also been placed in the Lampriformes or Myctophiformes which otherwise constitute additional superorders The relationships of these to the taxa mentioned before is still not well resolved at all and regardless whether one calls them Protacanthopterygii sensu lato or Euteleostei the phylogeny of this group of moderately advanced Teleostei is in need of further study 6 References edit Nelson 2006 pp 212 213 Woodhouse 1910 Glare 1968 1982 FishBase 2006 a b Olney 1998 Nelson 2006 p 213 Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico Vol 1 FishBase 2006 Nelson 2006 pp 212 213 Diogo 2008 Nelson 2006 pp 212 213 Diogo 2008 Diogo Rui 2008 On the cephalic and pectoral girdle muscles of the deep sea fish Alepocephalus rostratus with comments on the functional morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the Alepocephaloidei Teleostei Anim Biol 58 1 23 29 doi 10 1163 157075608X303636 FishBase 2000 Order Ateleopodiformes Version of 2000 OCT 17 Retrieved 2009 SEP 28 Glare P G W ed 1968 1982 Oxford Latin Dictionary 1st ed Oxford University Press Oxford ISBN 0 19 864224 5 Olney John E 1998 Ateleopodiformes In Paxton J R amp Eschmeyer W N eds Encyclopedia of Fishes 158 Academic Press San Diego ISBN 0 12 547665 5 Nelson Joseph S 2006 Fishes of the World 4th ed John Wiley amp Sons Inc ISBN 0 471 25031 7 Woodhouse S C 1910 English Greek Dictionary A Vocabulary of the Attic Language George Routledge amp Sons Ltd Broadway House Ludgate Hill E C Searchable JPEG fulltextExternal links editNational Geographic News Bizarre Fish Found In Brazil September 22 2009 includes video of a possible new species of Jellynose Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jellynose fish amp oldid 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