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Japonica rice

May 06, 2023

Japonica rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica), sometimes called sinica rice, is one of the two major domestic types of Asian rice varieties. Japonica rice is extensively cultivated and consumed in East Asia, whereas in most other regions indica rice [ja] is the dominant type of rice. Japonica rice originated from Central China, where it was first domesticated along the Yangtze River basin approximately 9,500 to 6,000 years ago.[1][2][3]

Characteristics

Japonica rice grains are rounder, thicker, and harder, compared to longer, thinner, and fluffier indica rice grains. Japonica rice is also stickier due to the higher content of amylopectin, whereas indica rice starch consists of less amylopectin and more amylose.[4] Japonica rice plants are shorter than indica rice plants.[citation needed]

Genetics

Japonica has a large amount waxy protein and a low amount of the non-waxy type.[5]: 12–13  Non-waxy rice proteins are produced by four alleles, each producing one of four protein subtypes.[5]: 12–13  Japonica is the only source of Type III, shares Type IV with only javanica, and lacks Type I and Type II.[5]: 12–13 

Classification

Japonica rice can be classified into three subgroups, 'temperate japonica',[6] 'tropical japonica' (also known as 'javanica', Oryza sativa subsp. javanica [ja]),[7][8] and 'aromatic'.[9] Temperate japonica is cultivated in East Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan), while tropical japonica is in Indonesia, Madagascar, and also the Americas where it was brought to with slave trade.[10]

Cultivars

See also

References

  1. ^ Hirst, K. Kris. "The Origins and History of Rice in China, India/Pakistan and Africa". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  2. ^ "Rice's origins point to China, genome researchers conclude". Washington University in St. Louis. 2011-05-02. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  3. ^ Gross, Briana L.; Zhao, Zhijun (2014-04-29). "Archaeological and genetic insights into the origins of domesticated rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (17): 6190–6197. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111.6190G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1308942110. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4035933. PMID 24753573.
  4. ^ Kim, Jin-young (4 November 2016). "Endless Variations on Rice". Koreana. Korea Foundation. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  5. ^ a b c Rice Genetics : Proceedings of the Second International Rice Genetics Symposium 14-18 May 1990. Rice Genetics Collection. Vol. 2. Manila, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute. 1991.
  6. ^ "Oryza sativa temperate japonica subgroup". www.uniprot.org.
  7. ^ "javanica rice". International Rice Research Institute. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  8. ^ "Oryza sativa tropical japonica subgroup". www.uniprot.org.
  9. ^ "Oryza sativa aromatic subgroup". www.uniprot.org.
  10. ^ 松尾 弌之. (2009).“「アメリカ50州」の秘密 “ レッカ社 ISBN 4569673023

May 06, 2023
japonica, rice, examples, perspective, this, article, represent, worldwide, view, subject, improve, this, article, discuss, issue, talk, page, create, article, appropriate, february, 2017, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, oryza, sativa, subsp, jap. The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate February 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Japonica rice Oryza sativa subsp japonica sometimes called sinica rice is one of the two major domestic types of Asian rice varieties Japonica rice is extensively cultivated and consumed in East Asia whereas in most other regions indica rice ja is the dominant type of rice Japonica rice originated from Central China where it was first domesticated along the Yangtze River basin approximately 9 500 to 6 000 years ago 1 2 3 Japan Contents 1 Characteristics 1 1 Genetics 2 Classification 2 1 Cultivars 3 See also 4 ReferencesCharacteristics EditJaponica rice grains are rounder thicker and harder compared to longer thinner and fluffier indica rice grains Japonica rice is also stickier due to the higher content of amylopectin whereas indica rice starch consists of less amylopectin and more amylose 4 Japonica rice plants are shorter than indica rice plants citation needed Genetics Edit Japonica has a large amount waxy protein and a low amount of the non waxy type 5 12 13 Non waxy rice proteins are produced by four alleles each producing one of four protein subtypes 5 12 13 Japonica is the only source of Type III shares Type IV with only javanica and lacks Type I and Type II 5 12 13 Classification EditJaponica rice can be classified into three subgroups temperate japonica 6 tropical japonica also known as javanica Oryza sativa subsp javanica ja 7 8 and aromatic 9 Temperate japonica is cultivated in East Asia China Japan Korea Vietnam and Taiwan while tropical japonica is in Indonesia Madagascar and also the Americas where it was brought to with slave trade 10 Glutinous japonica rice Aromatic japonica rice Black japonica rice Green japonica riceCultivars Edit Arborio rice Bhutanese red rice Calrose rice Carnaroli Koshihikari Vialone Nano Yamada NishikiSee also EditJapanese riceReferences Edit Hirst K Kris The Origins and History of Rice in China India Pakistan and Africa ThoughtCo Retrieved 2020 08 02 Rice s origins point to China genome researchers conclude Washington University in St Louis 2011 05 02 Retrieved 2020 08 02 Gross Briana L Zhao Zhijun 2014 04 29 Archaeological and genetic insights into the origins of domesticated rice Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 17 6190 6197 Bibcode 2014PNAS 111 6190G doi 10 1073 pnas 1308942110 ISSN 0027 8424 PMC 4035933 PMID 24753573 Kim Jin young 4 November 2016 Endless Variations on Rice Koreana Korea Foundation Retrieved 27 December 2016 a b c Rice Genetics Proceedings of the Second International Rice Genetics Symposium 14 18 May 1990 Rice Genetics Collection Vol 2 Manila Philippines International Rice Research Institute 1991 Oryza sativa temperate japonica subgroup www uniprot org javanica rice International Rice Research Institute Retrieved 27 December 2016 Oryza sativa tropical japonica subgroup www uniprot org Oryza sativa aromatic subgroup www uniprot org 松尾 弌之 2009 アメリカ50州 の秘密 レッカ社 ISBN 4569673023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Japonica rice amp oldid 1146155892, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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