Jane Doe (album)

Jane Doe is the fourth studio album by American metalcore band Converge, released on September 4, 2001 by Equal Vision Records. The album was produced by Matthew Ellard alongside guitarist Kurt Ballou, and the artwork was designed by lead vocalist Jacob Bannon. It was the band's first album to feature bassist Nate Newton and drummer Ben Koller, and the last to feature guitarist Aaron Dalbec; Converge's line-up has remained stable since.

Jane Doe
Studio album by Converge
Released	September 4, 2001
Recorded	2001
Studio	Q Division Studios, Somerville GodCity Studio, Salem Fort Apache Studios, Boston
Genre	Metalcore^[1]^[2] hardcore punk^[3] post-hardcore^[4]
Length	45:22
Label	Equal Vision
Producer	Matthew Ellard Kurt Ballou
Converge chronology
Deeper the Wound (2001) Jane Doe (2001) Unloved and Weeded Out (2003)

Although Jane Doe did not chart, it was a commercial breakthrough for the band and received immediate acclaim, with critics praising its poetic lyrics, dynamics, ferocity and production.^[5][6][7] It has since been listed as one of the greatest albums of the metalcore genre by various publications, and has developed a cult following, with the cover art becoming an icon of the band. A live version titled Jane Live was released in 2017.

Writing and recording

Bannon stated in an interview that many of the songs on Jane Doe came from the side project Supermachiner; the project was claimed to inspire Jane Doe's experimental side.^[8] The title track and "Phoenix in Flight" were initially intended for the Supermachiner album Rise of the Great Machine, but Bannon thought it made sense for Converge to play them.^[8] Ballou has stated that Koller "reinvigorated" the band and pushed them in a new direction,^[9] and that prior to Newton joining the band, Ballou was the dominant songwriter. Ballou has said with the addition of Newton that the album became more collaborative in terms of songwriting, which was not the case prior.^[9]

The band had a greater budget of $11,000 to work with on Jane Doe, and its recording process differed from previous releases as a result.^[10][11] The entire album was recorded on six reels of two inch tape at three studios and mixed in two.^[11][10] It was mostly recorded at Q Division Studios, next door to James Taylor's recording session.^[11][12] Newton later recalled: "He [Taylor] kept sending his engineer over to tell us to be quiet. 'Mr. Taylor is trying to record vocal tracks, and you guys are goofing off and being way too loud over here.'"^[13]

Additional recording took place at GodCity Studio and Fort Apache, and took around three years.^[14] The band recorded for seven days at Q Division using two rooms dubbed "Studio A" and "Studio B". Studio A was used to record the slower songs because the room was bigger than Studio B, which Ellard stated was more optimal for invoking ambience in their sound than Studio B. Studio B was used to record the more uptempo songs due to its smaller size.^[11]

Newton stated in an interview, "I remember all of us wanting to write a hardcore record the kids were going to hate."^[10] Matthew Ellard, engineer and producer of Jane Doe, said he saw the album as a "big rock record" rather than a metal record.^[15] Ballou has stated that Jane Doe is the first Converge album that he is "proud of from start to finish".^[16]

Musical style and themes

Bannon stated that the album's lyrical themes were born out of a dissolving relationship and the emotional fallout from that experience.^[17]

The lyrics found in Jane Doe's liner notes differ from some of the lyrics on the recorded tracks.^[18] The booklet lists the lyrics of the opening track "Concubine" as "For I felt the greatest of winters coming/ And I saw you as seasons shifting from blue to grey/ That's where the coldest of these days await me/And distance lays her heavy head beside me/ There I'll stay gold, forever gold", although the only lyrics said in the song are "You stay gold/I'll stay gold".^[18] Scott Butterworth of Noisey said, "It's a somewhat confusing incongruity, but at the same time, it's eerily reminiscent of a moment most of us have experienced. If you've ever planned an eloquent, well-reasoned speech in your head only to feel too overwhelmed, too hurt, too emotional to spit it out when the time came, you can understand the brilliant trick Bannon is pulling here."^[18]

Artwork

The artwork for Jane Doe was designed and created by Jacob Bannon. The booklet features lyrics for each song on the album, which are intentionally scattered and difficult to decipher. Bannon stated, "Visually, I just wanted to capture that disillusionment with relationships and channel the negatives I felt. I did this in hopes of creating some sort of positive out of all the negative I was experiencing."^[17] The result was a mystery created from a variety of media, collage, photography, spraypaint, and ink that Bannon then assembled digitally.^[17] The cover image has since become their "de facto icon".^[17]

Bannon revealed in an interview that he abandoned multiple art projects to work on artwork for Jane Doe:

"Abandoning several other ongoing art projects so he could work on Jane Doe exclusively for a month, Bannon applied the same meticulous process in creating all of the companion images that appear in the album's 28-page CD booklet. "Once I had the basic images completed, including the cover, I worked on type treatments for the release," he says. "At first I used old Letraset type but later switched to contemporary typography as the project progressed. My goal was to continue the same kinetic feel of the imagery and make them one and the same.""^[17]

Bannon first stated the cover image was not based on any original model^[17] but on October 5, 2021, French actress and model Audrey Marnay asserted she was the basis for the iconic "Jane Doe" artwork. In an Instagram post, Marnay claimed a photograph of her from the May 2001 issue of Marie Claire Italy magazine taken by Dutch fashion photographer Jan Welters^[19] was the original source artwork used by Bannon.^[20] The following day, Bannon acknowledged on his personal social media accounts as well as the band's that the photo referenced by Marnay was indeed a primary source used to create the original stencil used for the album's artwork.^[20]

Release and promotion

In mid-2000, Converge self-released a three-track record titled Jane Doe Demos^[21] during their 2000 tour, which were limited to 100 copies. The CDs contained unreleased demo versions of "Bitter and Then Some" and "Thaw" from the upcoming album, as well as a cover of "Whatever I Do" by Negative Approach.

Jane Doe was released on September 4, 2001 through Equal Vision Records as a CD and double vinyl which came in multiple colors.^[22] Converge's first tour in support of Jane Doe was in September 2001 with Drowningman and Playing Enemy.^[23] Drowningman later dropped out of the tour to work on a new album.^[24]

In 2002, a music video was released for the tracks "Concubine" and "Fault and Fracture", directed by Zach Merck, a longtime friend of the band.^[25] The video was filmed on location in Los Angeles in over three days in September. The band stated on their website that "although it's always difficult to hand over creative control of a project, we can safely say [Merck] did a commendable job on the project", and also gave special thanks to Ashley for "sitting in a bathtub of blood for over two hours".^[25]

Bannon's Deathwish Inc (under exclusive license from Equal Vision) repressed the album on vinyl, accompanied by a 28-page booklet. The double LP became available for pre-order at the Deathwish web store on April 1, 2010, and then became available in August 2010.^[22]

Reception and legacy

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
Allmusic	^[26]
Kerrang!	^[27]
Lambgoat	9/10^[28]
Metal.de	9/10^[29]
Pitchfork Media	7.7/10^[30]
Punknews.org	^[31]
Sputnikmusic	^[32]
Stylus Magazine	A−^[33]

Jane Doe received wider acclaim than Converge's previous albums, with Terrorizer Magazine naming it their Album of the Year.^[34] Christopher Dare of Pitchfork Media awarded the album with a rating of 7.7 out of 10, deeming it "so full of intelligence, skill and intensity that it's simply masterful."^[35] Blake Butler of Allmusic stated that Converge "put the final sealing blow on their status as a legend in the world of metallic hardcore" with the album, calling it "an experience -- an encyclopedic envelopment of so much at once."^[36] In 2007, Decibel magazine placed the album at number 35 on its "Decibel Hall of Fame" list, and later named it the best album of the 2000s.^[34] J. Bennett wrote that Jane Doe "was both a semi-melodic milestone ("Hell to Pay", "Phoenix in Flight", the title track) and a discordant landmark (everything else), far and away the most crucial metallic hardcore record since Cave In unleashed Until Your Heart Stops three years earlier".^[37] Sputnikmusic placed Jane Doe at number one on its list of the best albums of the 2000s,^[38] and Loudwire placed the album at number ten on its list of the 11 best metal albums of the 2000s.^[39] In March 2011, Jane Doe was inducted into the Rock Sound's Hall of Fame, who described it as "a gamechanger in the entire realm of heavy music".^[40] In March 2023, Rolling Stone ranked the album's opening track, "Concubine", at number seventy-eight on their list of "The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Songs of All Time".^[41]

The album has exerted considerable influence in extreme music circles and attained a cult following. Japanese band Heaven in Her Arms are named after the song of the same name.^[42]

Accolades

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

A "—" denotes the publication's list is in no particular order, and Jane Doe did not rank numerically.

Publication	Country	Accolade	Year	Rank
Terrorizer^[43]	UK	Albums of the Year 2001	2001	1
Decibel^[34]	US	Decibel Hall of Fame	2007	35
MetalSucks^[44]	US	21 Best Metal Albums of the 21st Century... So Far	2009	5
Noisecreep^[45]	US	Best Albums of the 2000s	2009	1
NPR Music^[46]	US	More Important '00s Music	2009	—
Sputnikmusic^[47]	US	Top 100 Albums of the Decade	2010	1
Decibel^[48]	US	The Top 100 Greatest Metal Albums of the Decade	2010	1
Loudwire^[39]	US	Top 11 Metal Albums of the 2000s	2011	10
Rock Sound^[49]	UK	Rock Sound's 101 Modern Classics: The Final Instalment!	2012	15
LA Weekly^[50]	US	Top 20 Hardcore Albums in History	2013	5
Kerrang!^[51]	UK	50 Albums You Need to Hear Before You Die	2015	21
Rolling Stone^[52]	US	The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time	2017	61
Loudwire^[53]	US	The 25 Best Metalcore Albums of All Time	2017	1
Kerrang!^[54]	UK	The 21 Best US Metalcore Albums of All Time	2020	—

Track listing

All lyrics are written by Jacob Bannon; all music is composed by Converge^[55]

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Concubine"	1:19
2.	"Fault and Fracture"	3:05
3.	"Distance and Meaning"	4:18
4.	"Hell to Pay"	4:32
5.	"Homewrecker"	3:51
6.	"The Broken Vow"	2:13
7.	"Bitter and Then Some"	1:28
8.	"Heaven in Her Arms"	4:01
9.	"Phoenix in Flight"	3:49
10.	"Phoenix in Flames"	0:42
11.	"Thaw"	4:30
12.	"Jane Doe"	11:34
Total length:		45:22

Personnel

Jane Doe personnel adapted from CD liner notes.^[55]

Converge Jacob Bannon – vocals Kurt Ballou – guitar, vocals, theremin Aaron Dalbec – guitar Nate Newton – bass, vocals, theremin Ben Koller – drums Guest musicians Kevin Baker (The Hope Conspiracy) – backing vocals on "The Broken Vow" Tre McCarthy (Deathwish Inc.) – backing vocals on "The Broken Vow" Caleb Scofield credited as "Secret C" – backing vocals on "The Broken Vow"^[56] Artwork and design Atomic! ID – art direction and design^[a]

Production and recording history Fred Archambalt – recording assistant Kurt Ballou – recording, pre-production, mixing Jacob Bannon – mixing Matt Beaudoin – recording assistant Mathew Ellard – recording, mixing Alan Douches – mastering Andy Hong – pre-production Carl Plaster – drum tech Recorded at Q Division, God City and Fort Apache Mixed at Fort Apache Mastered at West West Side All recording and mixing was performed in an analog format.

Notes

1. Atomic ID was Jacob Bannon's design company. All art direction and design is credited to Bannon on the vinyl reissue.^[57]

References

1. "Converge: Jane Doe Album Review | Pitchfork". pitchfork.com. Retrieved 2017-04-08.
2. "THE BEST METAL ALBUMS FROM 40 SUBGENRES". Loudwire. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
3. "Iconic hardcore album Jane Doe forged a new voice for Converge". April 14, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
4. Castillo, Arielle (November 9, 2009). "Massachusetts hardcore band Converge plays Pompano Beach Amphitheatre". Miami New Times. Retrieved April 28, 2017.
5. "The Brilliance Behind Converge's Unintelligible Lyrics | NOISEY". 23 December 2014. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
6. "Converge: Jane Doe Album Review | Pitchfork". pitchfork.com. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
7. "#5: CONVERGE - JANE DOE". MetalSucks. 2009-06-30. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
8. "Converge Have Innovation Through Suffering". Retrieved 2017-02-02.
9. GodCity Music (2015-06-28), The Making of Jane Doe at Berklee College of Music, retrieved 2017-05-18
10. "Iconic hardcore album Jane Doe forged a new voice for Converge". 2016-04-14. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
11. GodCity Music (2015-06-28), The Making of Jane Doe at Berklee College of Music, retrieved 2017-05-18
12. Bennett, p. 335.
13. The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Songs Of All Time | Rolling Stone | 78 ‘Concubine,’ Converge, 2001
14. . store.deathwishinc.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-02. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
15. GodCity Music (2015-06-28), The Making of Jane Doe at Berklee College of Music, retrieved 2017-05-18
16. GodCity Music (2015-06-28), The Making of Jane Doe at Berklee College of Music, retrieved 2017-05-18
17. "Interview: Converge's Jake Bannon on Legendary 'Jane Doe' Album Artwork". Revolvermag. 2014-09-04. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
18. "The Brilliance Behind Converge's Unintelligible Lyrics - Noisey". Noisey. 23 December 2014. Retrieved 2016-11-20.
19. "Quelques photos d'Audrey Marnay 2/2". Retrieved 6 October 2021.
20. "Woman pictured on Converge 'Jane Doe' album cover reveals herself". Lambgoat. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
21. . Converge's Official Website. Archived from the original on October 20, 2006. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
22. . store.deathwishinc.com. Archived from the original on 2016-07-11. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
23. "Converge & Drowningman to tour". Retrieved 2016-10-30.
24. "Drowningman off Converge tour". Retrieved 2016-10-30.
25. . 2003-01-04. Archived from the original on 2003-01-04. Retrieved 2016-10-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
26. Jane Doe at AllMusic
27. Everley, Dave (2021-09-03). ""A revolution in noise": Our original 2001 review of Converge's Jane Doe". Kerrang!. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
28. "Converge - Jane Doe review". Lambgoat. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
29. Santel, Alexander (2001-09-04). "Converge - Jane Doe". Metal.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-10-08.
30. "Converge: Jane Doe | Album Reviews". Pitchfork. 2002-07-02. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
31. "Converge - Jane Doe". Punknews.org. 5 November 2001. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
32. "Converge - Jane Doe (album review)". Sputnikmusic. 2007-11-06. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
33. . Stylus Magazine. Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
34. J. Bennett, "Who's That Girl?", Precious Metal: Decibel Presents the Stories Behind 25 Extreme Metal Masterpieces, Albert Mudrian (ed.), Da Capo Press, p. 331.
35. "Converge: Jane Doe Album Review | Pitchfork". pitchfork.com. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
36. "Jane Doe - Converge". allmusic.com. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
37. Bennett, p. 332.
38. "Top 100 Albums of the Decade (10-1) « Staff Blog". Sputnikmusic. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
39. "Top 11 Metal Albums of the 2000s". Loudwire. 10 November 2011. Retrieved 2016-08-11.
40. "Converge's 'Jane Doe' Inducted Into Rock Sound Hall Of Fame - News - Rock Sound Magazine". Rock Sound Magazine. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
41. "The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. 2023-03-13. Retrieved 2023-08-04.
42. O'Connor, Andy (10 July 2017). "Heaven in Her Arms: White Halo". Pitchfork. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
43. "Rocklist.net....Terrorizer Magazine..." www.rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
44. "#5: CONVERGE - JANE DOE". MetalSucks. 2009-06-30. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
45. "Best Albums of the 2000s". Noisecreep. 2 December 2009. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
46. "Missing The Cut: More Important '00s Music". NPR.org. 24 November 2009. Retrieved 2017-04-17.
47. "Sputnikmusic - Top 100 Albums of the Decade (10-1) « Staff Blog". www.sputnikmusic.com. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
48. "Decibel – The Top 100 Greatest Metal Albums Of The Decade". New Music Excess. 2010-01-28. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
49. . Rock Sound Magazine. Archived from the original on 2015-07-06. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
50. Weekly, LA (2013-08-29). "Top 20 Hardcore Albums in History: Complete List". L.A. Weekly. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
51. . Kerrang!. 2015-02-04. Archived from the original on 2015-02-12. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
52. . Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 2017-06-24. Retrieved 2017-06-22.
53. Loudwire best metalcore albums
54. Young, Simon (2020-06-09). "The 21 best U.S. metalcore albums of all time". Kerrang!. from the original on 2021-03-31. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
55. Jane Doe (CD booklet). Converge. New York: Equal Vision Records. 2001. EVR61.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
56. Bennett, J. (2009). "Chapter 25: Who's That Girl?". In Mudrian, Albert (ed.). Precious Metal. Philadelphia: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81806-6. Tre McCarthy, Kevin Baker from the Hope Conspiracy and "Secret C" have backing vocal credits. I'm assuming the last one is Caleb Scofield from Cave In.
    Ballou: Yeah. He was under contract with RCA at the time. He didn't think there would be any problem, but we thought it would be better not to take any chances. Isn't his publishing company called Secret C? I think it might be. All those guys were on "The Broken Vow"—I think that was the only song they were on. On the last line, "I'll take my love to the grave," with each repetition of the riff, we'd add another person. So it's Jake, me, Nate and then those guys, one at a time.
57. Jane Doe (vinyl gatefold). Converge. Deathwish Inc. 2010. DWI72.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)

External links

• Jane Doe at Discogs (list of releases)