James Edward Walsh, MM (April 30, 1891 – July 29, 1981)[2] was an American RomanCatholicpriest and a bishop in China. He was a member of the Maryknoll order, and a missionary in China.[3]
Father Walsh was born in Cumberland, Maryland on April 30, 1891 to Mary Concannon and William E. Walsh. He was the second child of nine. After graduating at age 19 from Mount St. Mary's College, he worked as a timekeeper in a steel mill for two years until he became aware of Maryknoll, a new American order. In 1915, he became the second priest ordained in this order.[2]
ChinaEdit
Fr Walsh in China
He and three other men were sent on the order's first foreign mission to China in the year 1918. The other three were Father Thomas Frederick Price, one of the founders of Maryknoll and Superior of the group; Father Francis Xavier Ford; and Father Bernard F. Meyer.
Fr. Walsh and Fr. Meyer arrived first, Fr. Price and Fr. Ford some weeks later. Their first point of debarkation in South China was the British colony of Hong Kong on 30 October 1918. While they were in Hong Kong, they stayed briefly with the Paris Foreign Mission Fathers at Battery Path.[4] From Hong Kong, they went to Yeungkong (now known as Yangjiang) and started their missionary work in China there.
Walsh's early years in China were chaotic, and included being captured by bandits and caught in bloody local conflicts.[5] At the age of thirty-six, on 22 May 1927 he was consecrated Maryknoll's first bishop and served the Diocese of Kongmoon (now known as Jiangmen) in China. The ceremony was held on Sancian Island (now called Shangchuan Island), a lonely spot off the coast of South China where St. Francis Xavier, the Apostle to the Indies, died in 1552.[3][4]
In 1936, Bishop Walsh left China to return to the United States as head of Maryknoll. During his ten-year term he oversaw Maryknoll's first missions to Latin America and Africa.[5] In November to December 1940, he and Father James M. Drought, his assistant went to Japan to take part in the diplomatic negotiation between US and Japan.[6] However, following the Holy See's special request for his service in China, he returned to take charge of the Catholic Central Bureau in Shanghai in 1948 to coordinate mission activities in China.[3]
When the Communist Party of China seized power in 1949 they began harassing Catholic clergymen. The Catholic Central Bureau was shut down by the government in 1951. When Walsh's superiors in Maryknoll inquired about his safety he responded by saying, "To put up with a little inconvenience at my age is nothing. Besides, I am sick and tired of being pushed around on account of my religion."[3]
Although he anticipated arrest, Walsh chose to stay and tend to his congregation.[5] He was eventually apprehended by communist authorities in 1958 and sentenced to twenty years in prison. He spent twelve years of his prison sentence in isolation and was suddenly released in 1970. He was deported via a footbridge to freedom in Hong Kong on 10 July 1970.[3] He is believed to be the last of 7,000 foreign missionaries to be expelled from China after the Communist Revolution in 1949.[7]
Walsh stated he held "no bitterness toward those who tried and condemned me", and spoke approvingly of favorable relations between United States and China. His release was an important gesture leading to the thawing of relations with President Nixon's visit to China in 1972.[7]
DeathEdit
Bishop James E. Walsh returned to the United States and died at the age of ninety on July 29, 1981, in Maryknoll, New York, from a heart ailment.[2]
Mission Manual of the Vicariate of Kongmoon (South China). Hong Kong: Nazareth Press. 1937. OCLC 20648219.
Maryknoll Spiritual Directory. New York: Field Afar Press. 1947. OCLC 2302853.
The Man on Joss Stick Alley. New York: Longmans, Green. 1947. OCLC 1699327.
The Church's World Wide Mission. New York: Benziger Bros. 1948. OCLC 2712754.
Blueprints of the Missionary Vocation. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Maryknoll Publications. 1956. OCLC 643162.
The Young Ones. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Cudahy. 1958. OCLC 1262450.
Zeal for Your House. Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America. Huntington, Ind.: Our Sunday Visitor. 1976. ISBN0-87973-892-8. OCLC 2439380.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
Biographical accountsEdit
Kerrison, Raymond (1963). Bishop Walsh Of Maryknoll: Prisoner of Red China. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. OCLC 855921958.
Le Veness, Frank Paul (June 1973). "Bishop Walsh's China: The Life and Thought of an American Missionary in China". Chinese Culture. 14: 21–36. OCLC 469777918.
Sheridan, Robert E. (1981). Bishop James E. Walsh As I Knew Him. Maryknoll Publications. OCLC 702704546.
Wiest, Jean-Paul (June 1989). "The Spiritual Legacy of Bishop James E. Walsh of Maryknoll". Tripod. 51: 21–28, 56–67. ISSN 1560-2125.[5]
ReferencesEdit
^"Bishop James Edward Walsh". Catholic-Hierarchy. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
^ abc(PDF). Knights of Columbus, St. Pius X Council #4076. 29 July 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 Feb 2012. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
^ abcdeOur Sunday Visitor, "They go after priests", Robert P. Lockwood, December 10, 2006, page 17
^ abSmith, Jim, Downs, William (1978), Maryknoll Hong Kong Chronicle 1918 - 1975 (Chronicle), Catholic foreign Mission Society of America{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ abcdWiest, Jean-Paul. "Walsh, James Edward". Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
^Boyle, John H. (May 1965). "The Drought-Walsh Mission to Japan". Pacific Historical Review. 34 (2): 141–161. doi:10.2307/3636990. JSTOR 3636990. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
^ abBarbanel, Josh (1981-07-30). "BISHOP JAMES E. WALSH DIES; MISSIONARY JAILED BY CHINESE". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
^"學校歷史". Bishop Walsh School (in Chinese). 2018. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
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james, edward, walsh, other, people, with, same, name, james, walsh, disambiguation, april, 1891, july, 1981, american, roman, catholic, priest, bishop, china, member, maryknoll, order, missionary, china, most, reverendm, bishop, kongmoongroup, portrait, maryk. For other people with the same name see James Walsh disambiguation James Edward Walsh MM April 30 1891 July 29 1981 2 was an American Roman Catholic priest and a bishop in China He was a member of the Maryknoll order and a missionary in China 3 The Most ReverendJames Edward WalshM M Bishop of KongmoonGroup portrait of Maryknoll Fathers Walsh centre with Auguste Gauthier left and Francis Xavier Ford right ChurchRoman Catholic ChurchInstalledFebruary 1 1927Term endedJuly 1936SuccessorBishop Adolph John PaschangOther post s Titular Bishop of SataOrdersOrdination7 Dec 1915Consecration22 May 1927Personal detailsBornJames Edward Walsh1891 April 30Cumberland MarylandDiedJuly 29 1981 1981 07 29 aged 90 Maryknoll OssiningBuriedMaryknoll Ossining 1 NationalityAmericanOccupationMissionary bishop priest educator relief workerMottoPrimum regnum DeiCoat of arms Contents 1 Early life 2 China 3 Death 4 Bibliography 4 1 Written works 4 2 Biographical accounts 5 ReferencesEarly life EditFather Walsh was born in Cumberland Maryland on April 30 1891 to Mary Concannon and William E Walsh He was the second child of nine After graduating at age 19 from Mount St Mary s College he worked as a timekeeper in a steel mill for two years until he became aware of Maryknoll a new American order In 1915 he became the second priest ordained in this order 2 China Edit nbsp Fr Walsh in ChinaHe and three other men were sent on the order s first foreign mission to China in the year 1918 The other three were Father Thomas Frederick Price one of the founders of Maryknoll and Superior of the group Father Francis Xavier Ford and Father Bernard F Meyer Fr Walsh and Fr Meyer arrived first Fr Price and Fr Ford some weeks later Their first point of debarkation in South China was the British colony of Hong Kong on 30 October 1918 While they were in Hong Kong they stayed briefly with the Paris Foreign Mission Fathers at Battery Path 4 From Hong Kong they went to Yeungkong now known as Yangjiang and started their missionary work in China there Walsh s early years in China were chaotic and included being captured by bandits and caught in bloody local conflicts 5 At the age of thirty six on 22 May 1927 he was consecrated Maryknoll s first bishop and served the Diocese of Kongmoon now known as Jiangmen in China The ceremony was held on Sancian Island now called Shangchuan Island a lonely spot off the coast of South China where St Francis Xavier the Apostle to the Indies died in 1552 3 4 In 1936 Bishop Walsh left China to return to the United States as head of Maryknoll During his ten year term he oversaw Maryknoll s first missions to Latin America and Africa 5 In November to December 1940 he and Father James M Drought his assistant went to Japan to take part in the diplomatic negotiation between US and Japan 6 However following the Holy See s special request for his service in China he returned to take charge of the Catholic Central Bureau in Shanghai in 1948 to coordinate mission activities in China 3 When the Communist Party of China seized power in 1949 they began harassing Catholic clergymen The Catholic Central Bureau was shut down by the government in 1951 When Walsh s superiors in Maryknoll inquired about his safety he responded by saying To put up with a little inconvenience at my age is nothing Besides I am sick and tired of being pushed around on account of my religion 3 Although he anticipated arrest Walsh chose to stay and tend to his congregation 5 He was eventually apprehended by communist authorities in 1958 and sentenced to twenty years in prison He spent twelve years of his prison sentence in isolation and was suddenly released in 1970 He was deported via a footbridge to freedom in Hong Kong on 10 July 1970 3 He is believed to be the last of 7 000 foreign missionaries to be expelled from China after the Communist Revolution in 1949 7 Walsh stated he held no bitterness toward those who tried and condemned me and spoke approvingly of favorable relations between United States and China His release was an important gesture leading to the thawing of relations with President Nixon s visit to China in 1972 7 Death EditBishop James E Walsh returned to the United States and died at the age of ninety on July 29 1981 in Maryknoll New York from a heart ailment 2 Bishop Walsh Primary School zh in Hong Kong founded 1963 was named to commemorate his missionary achievements 8 Bibliography EditWritten works Edit Mission Manual of the Vicariate of Kongmoon South China Hong Kong Nazareth Press 1937 OCLC 20648219 Maryknoll Spiritual Directory New York Field Afar Press 1947 OCLC 2302853 The Man on Joss Stick Alley New York Longmans Green 1947 OCLC 1699327 The Church s World Wide Mission New York Benziger Bros 1948 OCLC 2712754 Blueprints of the Missionary Vocation Maryknoll N Y Maryknoll Publications 1956 OCLC 643162 The Young Ones New York Farrar Straus and Cudahy 1958 OCLC 1262450 Zeal for Your House Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America Huntington Ind Our Sunday Visitor 1976 ISBN 0 87973 892 8 OCLC 2439380 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Biographical accounts Edit Kerrison Raymond 1963 Bishop Walsh Of Maryknoll Prisoner of Red China New York G P Putnam s Sons OCLC 855921958 Le Veness Frank Paul June 1973 Bishop Walsh s China The Life and Thought of an American Missionary in China Chinese Culture 14 21 36 OCLC 469777918 Sheridan Robert E 1981 Bishop James E Walsh As I Knew Him Maryknoll Publications OCLC 702704546 Wiest Jean Paul June 1989 The Spiritual Legacy of Bishop James E Walsh of Maryknoll Tripod 51 21 28 56 67 ISSN 1560 2125 5 References Edit Bishop James Edward Walsh Catholic Hierarchy Retrieved 2021 06 22 a b c M Rev James E Walsh Biography PDF Knights of Columbus St Pius X Council 4076 29 July 2000 Archived from the original PDF on 10 Feb 2012 Retrieved 21 June 2021 a b c d e Our Sunday Visitor They go after priests Robert P Lockwood December 10 2006 page 17 a b Smith Jim Downs William 1978 Maryknoll Hong Kong Chronicle 1918 1975 Chronicle Catholic foreign Mission Society of America a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c d Wiest Jean Paul Walsh James Edward Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity Retrieved 2021 06 22 Boyle John H May 1965 The Drought Walsh Mission to Japan Pacific Historical Review 34 2 141 161 doi 10 2307 3636990 JSTOR 3636990 Retrieved 21 September 2022 a b Barbanel Josh 1981 07 30 BISHOP JAMES E WALSH DIES MISSIONARY JAILED BY CHINESE The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2021 06 22 學校歷史 Bishop Walsh School in Chinese 2018 Retrieved 22 June 2021 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to James Edward Walsh Catholic Church titlesPreceded byCreated Vicar Apostolic of Kongmoon1924 1936 Succeeded byAdolph J Paschang M M Preceded byCreated Titular Bishop of Sata1927 1981 Succeeded byVacant Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title James Edward Walsh amp oldid 1177364833, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
