Jabal al-Druze (Arabic: جبل الدروز, French: Djebel Druze) was an autonomous state in the French Mandate of Syria from 1921 to 1936, designed to function as a government for the local Druze population under French oversight.
Arrete No. 1343, which laid out the borders of the State of Jebel Druze, March 1922
Statut Organique of the State of Jebel Druze, 14 May 1930
On 4 March 1922, it was proclaimed as the State of Souaida, after the capital As-Suwayda, but in 1927 it was renamed Jabal al-Druze or Jabal Druze State. The name comes from the Jabal al-Druze mountain.
History
The Druze state was formed on 1 May 1921 in former Ottoman territory, while other statelets were installed in other parts of the Syrian mandate (e.g. the Alawite State in the Lattakia region). Jabal al-Druze was home to about 50,000 Druze. It was the first, and remains the only, autonomous entity to be populated and governed by Druze. The 1925 Syrian Revolution began in Jabal al-Druze under the leadership of Sultan al-Atrash, and quickly spread to Damascus and other non-Druze areas outside the Jabal al-Druze region. Protests against the division of Syrian territory into statelets were a main theme of Syrian anti-colonial nationalism, which eventually won the victory to reunite the entire French-mandated territory, except Lebanon (which had become independent) and Alexandretta, which was annexed to Turkey as the Hatay Province.
Map Archived 4 December 2012 at archive.today at unimaps.com.
August 23, 2023
jabal, druze, state, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, june, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Jabal Druze State news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Jabal al Druze Arabic جبل الدروز French Djebel Druze was an autonomous state in the French Mandate of Syria from 1921 to 1936 designed to function as a government for the local Druze population under French oversight State of Jabal al DruzeDjebel Druzeجبل الدروز1 May 1921 9 September 1936FlagLocation of Jabal al Druze turquoise blue in the Mandate for Syria and the LebanonStatusMandate of FranceCapitalAs SuwaydaCommon languagesFrenchArabicReligionChristianityDruzeSunni IslamGovernor 1921 1923Prince Salim Basha al Atrash 1935 1936Pierre TaritHistorical eraInterwar period Established1 May 1921 Named State of Souaida 4 March 1922 Named Jabal al Druze 1 June 1927 Disestablished9 September 1936Preceded by Succeeded byState of Damascus First Syrian Republic Contents 1 Nomenclature 2 History 3 Governors 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksNomenclature Edit Arrete No 1343 which laid out the borders of the State of Jebel Druze March 1922 Statut Organique of the State of Jebel Druze 14 May 1930 On 4 March 1922 it was proclaimed as the State of Souaida after the capital As Suwayda but in 1927 it was renamed Jabal al Druze or Jabal Druze State The name comes from the Jabal al Druze mountain History EditThe Druze state was formed on 1 May 1921 in former Ottoman territory while other statelets were installed in other parts of the Syrian mandate e g the Alawite State in the Lattakia region Jabal al Druze was home to about 50 000 Druze It was the first and remains the only autonomous entity to be populated and governed by Druze The 1925 Syrian Revolution began in Jabal al Druze under the leadership of Sultan al Atrash and quickly spread to Damascus and other non Druze areas outside the Jabal al Druze region Protests against the division of Syrian territory into statelets were a main theme of Syrian anti colonial nationalism which eventually won the victory to reunite the entire French mandated territory except Lebanon which had become independent and Alexandretta which was annexed to Turkey as the Hatay Province As a result of Syrian nationalist pressure under the Franco Syrian Treaty of 1936 Jabal al Druze ceased to exist as an autonomous entity and was incorporated into Syria General distribution of population in the State of Jabal Druze according to the French census in 1921 22 1 Religion Inhabitants PercentageDruze 43 000 84 8 Christians 7 000 13 8 Sunni 700 1 4 Total 50 700 100 Druze celebrating their independence in 1925Governors EditAmir Salim Pasha al Atrash 1 May 1921 15 September 1923 Trenga provisional September 1923 6 March 1924 Gabriel Marie Victor Carbillet 6 March 1924 14 October 1925 provisional to 1 October 1924 Sultan Pasha al Atrash 18 July 1925 1 June 1927 chief of state in dissidence Charles Andrea 15 October 1925 1927 Marie Joseph Leon Augustin Henry 1927 Abel Jean Ernest Clement Grancourt 1927 1932 Claude Gabriel Renaud Massiet 3 February 1932 28 January 1934 Justin Antoine Devicq 1934 1935 Pierre Joseph Francois Tarrit 1935 2 December 1936 2 See also EditDruze in Syria Jaysh al MuwahhideenReferences Edit E J Brill s First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913 1936 Volume 2 page 301 Jabal Druze Heads of State 1921 1936External links EditSyria at WorldStatesmen org Map Archived 4 December 2012 at archive today at unimaps com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jabal Druze State amp oldid 1139724099, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
