Kupala Night (Belarusian: Купалле; Polish: Noc Kupały, Sobótka; Russian: Иван-Купала; Ukrainian: Івана Купала, Купайла), also called Ivanа Kupala, is a traditional Slavic holiday that was originally celebrated on the shortest night of the year, which is on 21-22[citation needed] or 23-24 of June (Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia) and in Eastern Slavic countries according to traditional Julian calendar on the night between 6 and 7 July (Belarus, Russia and Ukraine). Calendar-wise, it is opposite to the winter holiday Koliada. The celebration relates to the summer solstice when nights are the shortest and includes a number of Slavic rituals.[1][2] It involves herb collecting, bonfire lighting, and bathing in the river.[3]
Simon Kozhin. Kupala Night, Divination on the Wreaths (2009).
The name of the holiday was originally Kupala; a pagan fertility rite later adapted into the Orthodox Christian calendar by connecting it with St. John's Day which is celebrated on 24 June.[4] Eastern Christianity uses traditional Julian calendar which is misaligned with actual solstice; 24 June in Julian calendar falls on 7 July in more modern Gregorian calendar.[2]
This holiday symbolizes the birth of the summer sun – Kupalo. In the 4th century AD, this day was proclaimed the holiday of the birth of John the Baptist – the forerunner of Jesus Christ. As a result of the Christianization of the pagan feast the name "Kupala" got connected with the Christian "Ivan".[5]
The Ukrainian, Belarusian name of this holiday combines "Ivan" (Joan/Johan/John, in this case John the Baptist) and Kupala which was thought to be derived from the Slavic word for bathing, which is cognate. However, it likely stems from the proto-Slavic kump, a gathering. The two feasts could be connected by reinterpreting John's baptizing people through full immersion in water. However, the tradition of Kupala predates Christianity. The pagan celebration was adapted and reestablished as one of the native Christian traditions intertwined with local folklore.[6]
Івана Купала (Ivanа-Kupala). Stamp of Ukraine (1998)
Many of the rites related to this holiday are connected with the role of water in fertility and ritual purification. This is due to the ancient Kupala rites. On Kupala day, young people jump over the flames of bonfires in a ritual test of bravery and faith. The failure of a couple in love to complete the jump, while holding hands, is a sign of their destined separation.
Wreath thrown in water on Ivan Kupala Day Feast of St. John the Baptist
Girls may float wreaths of flowers (often lit with candles) on rivers, and attempt to gain foresight into their romantic relationship fortune from the flow patterns of the flowers on the river. Men may attempt to capture the wreaths, in the hope of capturing the interest of the woman who floated it.
Ceremonial making a fire. Kupala Night near Ślęża, Poland. June 18, 2022
There is an ancient Kupala belief that the eve of Ivan Kupala is the only time of the year when ferns bloom. Prosperity, luck, discernment, and power befall whoever finds a fern flower. Therefore, on that night, village folk roam through the forests in search of magical herbs, and especially, the elusive fern flower.
Traditionally, unmarried women, signified by the garlands in their hair, are the first to enter the forest. They are followed by young men. Therefore, the quest to find herbs and the fern flower may lead to the blooming of relationships between pairs within the forest.
Ferns are not angiosperms (flowering plants), and instead reproduce by spores; they cannot flower.
^ abMegre, Vladimir (2008). Rites of Love. Ringing Cedars Press LLC. p. 231. ISBN9780980181289. Retrieved 2020-07-15.
^Tryfanenkava, Maryna A. 2001. “The Current Status of Belarusian Calendar-Ritual Tradition”. In: FOLKLORICA - Journal of the Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Folklore Association 6 (2): 44-45. https://doi.org/10.7161/folklorica.v6i2.3709.
^Niżegorodcew (et alii), Anna (2011). Developing Intercultural Competence through English: Focus on Ukrainian and Polish Cultures. Warsaw: Developing Intercultural Competence through English: Focus on Ukrainian and Polish Cultures Anna Niżegorodcew , Yakiv Bystrov , Marcin Kleban Wydawnictwo UJ. p. 91. ISBN9788323384366.
Kupalle holiday in Belarus (video) 2020-09-27 at the Wayback Machine on the Official Website of the Republic of Belarus 2020-04-02 at the Wayback Machine
Kupala Night in Poland
May 21, 2023
kupala, night, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 201. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Kupala Night news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message Kupala Night Belarusian Kupalle Polish Noc Kupaly Sobotka Russian Ivan Kupala Ukrainian Ivana Kupala Kupajla also called Ivana Kupala is a traditional Slavic holiday that was originally celebrated on the shortest night of the year which is on 21 22 citation needed or 23 24 of June Czech Republic Poland and Slovakia and in Eastern Slavic countries according to traditional Julian calendar on the night between 6 and 7 July Belarus Russia and Ukraine Calendar wise it is opposite to the winter holiday Koliada The celebration relates to the summer solstice when nights are the shortest and includes a number of Slavic rituals 1 2 It involves herb collecting bonfire lighting and bathing in the river 3 Kupala NightNight on the Eve of Ivan Kupala by Henryk Hector SiemiradzkiAlso calledFeast of St John the Baptist Ivan Kupala Kupalle Ivana Kupala Noc KupalyObserved bySlavic peopleSignificancecelebration relates to the summer solsticeDateJune 21 22 citation needed or 23 24 western Slavic July 6 7 eastern Slavic Related toSummer Solstice Nativity of St John the Baptist Contents 1 History 2 Folklore and Slavic religious beliefs 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory Edit Simon Kozhin Kupala Night Divination on the Wreaths 2009 The name of the holiday was originally Kupala a pagan fertility rite later adapted into the Orthodox Christian calendar by connecting it with St John s Day which is celebrated on 24 June 4 Eastern Christianity uses traditional Julian calendar which is misaligned with actual solstice 24 June in Julian calendar falls on 7 July in more modern Gregorian calendar 2 This holiday symbolizes the birth of the summer sun Kupalo In the 4th century AD this day was proclaimed the holiday of the birth of John the Baptist the forerunner of Jesus Christ As a result of the Christianization of the pagan feast the name Kupala got connected with the Christian Ivan 5 The Ukrainian Belarusian name of this holiday combines Ivan Joan Johan John in this case John the Baptist and Kupala which was thought to be derived from the Slavic word for bathing which is cognate However it likely stems from the proto Slavic kump a gathering The two feasts could be connected by reinterpreting John s baptizing people through full immersion in water However the tradition of Kupala predates Christianity The pagan celebration was adapted and reestablished as one of the native Christian traditions intertwined with local folklore 6 Folklore and Slavic religious beliefs EditMain article Slavic paganism Ivana Kupala Ivana Kupala Stamp of Ukraine 1998 Many of the rites related to this holiday are connected with the role of water in fertility and ritual purification This is due to the ancient Kupala rites On Kupala day young people jump over the flames of bonfires in a ritual test of bravery and faith The failure of a couple in love to complete the jump while holding hands is a sign of their destined separation Wreath thrown in water on Ivan Kupala Day Feast of St John the Baptist Girls may float wreaths of flowers often lit with candles on rivers and attempt to gain foresight into their romantic relationship fortune from the flow patterns of the flowers on the river Men may attempt to capture the wreaths in the hope of capturing the interest of the woman who floated it Ceremonial making a fire Kupala Night near Sleza Poland June 18 2022 Ivan Kupala Day in Belgorod Oblast Russia Khorovod around the fire Ivan Kupala Night in Belgorod Oblast June 24 2017 There is an ancient Kupala belief that the eve of Ivan Kupala is the only time of the year when ferns bloom Prosperity luck discernment and power befall whoever finds a fern flower Therefore on that night village folk roam through the forests in search of magical herbs and especially the elusive fern flower Traditionally unmarried women signified by the garlands in their hair are the first to enter the forest They are followed by young men Therefore the quest to find herbs and the fern flower may lead to the blooming of relationships between pairs within the forest Ferns are not angiosperms flowering plants and instead reproduce by spores they cannot flower In Gogol s story The Eve of Ivan Kupala also called Saint John s Eve a young man finds the fantastical fern flower but is cursed by it Gogol s tale was adapted by Yuri Ilyenko into a film of the same name and may have been the stimulus for Modest Mussorgsky to compose his tone poem Night on Bald Mountain See also EditMidsummer Wianki Poland Kupala Kupalinka Kupala Night Maiden popular Belarusian song Kupole Jani Semik a related spring holiday Janka Kupala the pen name of this Belarusian author refers to his birthday of July 7 Loi Krathong Thai autumn festival when people leave wreaths with candles on rivers Chaharshanbe Suri Iranian festival celebrated on the eve of the last Wednesday of the yearReferences Edit website Guide to Russia 1 Archived 2017 01 09 at the Wayback Machine a b Megre Vladimir 2008 Rites of Love Ringing Cedars Press LLC p 231 ISBN 9780980181289 Retrieved 2020 07 15 Tryfanenkava Maryna A 2001 The Current Status of Belarusian Calendar Ritual Tradition In FOLKLORICA Journal of the Slavic East European and Eurasian Folklore Association 6 2 44 45 https doi org 10 7161 folklorica v6i2 3709 Nizegorodcew et alii Anna 2011 Developing Intercultural Competence through English Focus on Ukrainian and Polish Cultures Warsaw Developing Intercultural Competence through English Focus on Ukrainian and Polish Cultures Anna Nizegorodcew Yakiv Bystrov Marcin Kleban Wydawnictwo UJ p 91 ISBN 9788323384366 Ivan Kupala Day authenticukraine com ua Retrieved 2022 05 19 culture art traditions russia ic com Retrieved 31 October 2014 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ivan Kupala Day Kupalle Ukrainian Kupala alt Kupalo Kupailo traditions The Day of Ivan Kupala as it has survived in the Vologda Region Kupalle holiday in Belarus video Archived 2020 09 27 at the Wayback Machine on the Official Website of the Republic of Belarus Archived 2020 04 02 at the Wayback Machine Kupala Night in Poland Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kupala Night amp oldid 1149196515, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
