As part of the republican constitution that became effective in Italy on 1 January 1948, titles of nobility ceased to be recognized in law (although they were not, strictly, abolished or banned), and the organ of state which had regulated them, the Consulta Araldica, was abolished.[1] However the so-called predicati — territorial or manorial designations that were often connected to a noble title by use of a nobiliary particle such as di, da, della, dei, could be resumed as part of the legal surname upon judicial approval for persons who possessed it prior to 28 October 1922 (date of Italian fascism's accession to power).[2] In practice, this meant that, e.g., "John Doe, Duke of Somewhere" or "Princess Jane of Kingdom" might become "John Doe di Somewhere" or "Jane della Kingdom", respectively. Nonetheless, titles are often still used unofficially in villages, private clubs and some social sets. Signore and Signora (formerly signifying landed nobility) are translations of "Lord" and "Lady", used also in the military hierarchy and for persons in official positions or for members of a society's elite. A few titles are also common in diminutive form as terms of affection for young people (e.g. Principino for "Princeling" or Contessina for "the Little Countess").
Cavaliere Ereditario (Baronet) / no female equivalent[2]
Use of the prefix "Don" as a style for certain persons of distinction spread to the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily during the Spanish domination of southern Italy in the 16th century. Officially, it was the style to address a noble (as distinct from a reigning) prince (principe) or duke (duca), and their children and agnatic descendants. Any Italian monarch (as in Spain) might informally be addressed or referred to with this prefix, for example King Carlos III of Spain was widely known in his Neapolitan realm as "Don Carlo". Genealogical databases and dynastic works still reserve the title for this class of noble by tradition, although it is no longer a right under Italian law. In practice, especially in the countryside, Don was also used as an honorific title for untitled noblemen, such as knights. The feminine is "Donna".
State honours
The President of the Republic can award “honours of the Republic”. These are:
Medals (Gold, Silver, Bronze) to persons or entity for merit or valor
Knighthood (Cavaliere di Gran Croce, Grande Ufficiale, Commendatore – comm., Cavaliere Ufficiale – cav. uff., Cavaliere – cav.) of five Orders (Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, Ordine Militare d’Italia, Ordine al Merito del Lavoro, Ordine della Stella d'Italia, Ordine di Vittorio Veneto)
Ordine Militare d’Italia (Military Order of Italy) rewards the actions of units of the armed forces or by individual soldiers, demonstrating expertise, responsibility and valour. The title may be given posthumously
Ordine al Merito del Lavoro (Order of Merit for Labour) for those who have worked with skilfulness, contributing to the development of the nation and improving the status of the workers
Ordine della Stella d'Italia (Order of the Star of Italy) for a contribution to the post-war reconstruction of Italy
Ordine di Vittorio Veneto (Order of Vittorio Veneto) for Italian soldiers of the First World War
In addition, the Orders of Chivalry of the Royal House of Savoy and other Italian dynasties may confer honorifics (Cavaliere and Dama), as do the Holy See and the Order of Malta. Oddly, the Italian Republic bestows the rank of knight but not that of dame, though ladies may be decorated with knightly rank.
State-related honorifics
Presidente – pres. (President): used for the President of the Republic, or for the President of the Senate, of the Chamber of Deputies, of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister), of the Constitutional Court, of a Region Council, for Judges president of a Court
Presidente emerito – pres. em. (Emeritus President): used for former President of the Republic
Senatore – sen. (Senator): some are for life (ex-Presidents of the Republic and persons who 'glorified' the Country)
Onorevole - on. (Honourable): member of the Chamber of Deputies and member of the municipal Council of Rome.
Ministro – min. (Minister)
Giudice (Judge)
Console – cons. (Consul)
others
Work/profession-related titles
Dottore / Dottoressa – dott. (Doctor; in Italy it is used for any person holding a university degree. This often confuses foreigners.)
Dottore / Dottoressa magistrale - dott. mag. (Magistral Doctor; More specific title for people holding a laurea magistrale the Italian equivalent to a master degree)
Dottore / Dottoressa di ricerca - dott. ric. ( Doctor of research; More specific title for people holding a dottorato di ricerca the Italian equivalent to a Doctorate, this title is the equivalent of the English Doctor)
Professore – prof. / Professoressa – prof.ssa (Professor, usually used for university teachers, and high school teachers)
Full professors in the university are most formally addressed as Chiarissimo Professor (Chiar.mo Prof.), derived from Latin clarus which meant famed. University headmasters (Rettore) are formally addressed as Magnifico Rettore (Magnificent Headmaster).
Geometra – geom. (land surveying and construction).
Perito – per. (degree of technical extraction in a specific branch, such as chemistry or mechanics or naval or nautical; in some cases, however, a perito holds no more than a three-year university laurea.)
Maestro / Maestra (degree from a music conservatory or educational program). Note, however, that grade-school teachers of all levels are frequently called "maestro" in common, everyday use, while high-school teachers are called "professore").
University degrees:
Dottore – dott. (all people holding a laurea degree). The laurea was previously the only academic degree given by Italian Universities. With the Riforma Universitaria, the Italian system has moved closer to conformity with the rest of Europe and North America. Laurea may now refer to a three-year degree (the laurea triennale) or to a laurea magistrale, or Master's degree, which requires two additional years of study. The former confers the title dottore; holders of the latter receive the academic title dottore magistrale. Outside Italy, however, it is inappropriate for the holder of a new laurea to use the title "Doctor".
Avvocato – avv. (Lawyer, a laurea specialistica in law and a state-exam are both required.)
Ingegnere – ing. (Engineer, a laurea specialistica in engineering and a state-exam are both required.)
Architetto – arch. (Architect, a laurea specialistica in architecture and a state-exam are both required.)
Dottore di Ricerca (holder of a Ph.D., literally "Doctor of Research").
Roman Catholic Church titles
Besides normal titles, there are some honorifics that are peculiar to the Catholic Church, being found in European countries of Catholic tradition:
Don - used for members of the secular clergy, more a form of address than a title as such, don comes from a medieval styling for very esteemed persons, it is a colloquial form of Dominus - the Latin for Lord, Sir. It is still used for Bishops, or citizens in some areas (as in Spain, Portugal and Latin America).
prevosto: provost - title used in northern Italy and Tuscany for important parish priests.
arciprete: archpriest - usually used for the senior priest in an important or significant town that is not a bishop's seat, i.e. not the centre of a diocese.
curato: curate - parish priest of the countryside.
canonico: canon - the senior priests attached to the cathedral, who have special liturgical and administrative responsibilities both there and in the diocese.
^"Governo Italiano". La Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana: Disposizioni Transitorie e Finali §XIV (in Italian). Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri. Retrieved 2006-12-04. I titoli nobiliari non sono riconosciuti. I predicati di quelli esistenti prima del 28 ottobre 1922 valgono come parte del nome. l'Ordine mauriziano è conservato come ente ospedaliero e funziona nei modi stabiliti dalla legge. La legge regola la soppressione della Consulta araldica.
^ ab. Italian Titles of Nobility. Louis Mendola. Archived from the original on 2010-06-21. Retrieved 2006-12-04.
External links
State honorifics from the site of the Presidency of the Italian Republic
Armed Forces on the site of the Ministry of Defence
Site of the Ministry of Instruction
February 08, 2023
italian, honorifics, these, some, honorifics, used, italy, contents, nobility, state, honours, state, related, honorifics, work, profession, related, titles, academic, professional, qualification, related, titles, roman, catholic, church, titles, military, tit. These are some of the honorifics used in Italy Contents 1 Nobility 2 State honours 3 State related honorifics 4 Work profession related titles 5 Academic professional qualification related titles 6 Roman Catholic Church titles 7 Military titles of rank 8 Style for letters 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksNobility EditAs part of the republican constitution that became effective in Italy on 1 January 1948 titles of nobility ceased to be recognized in law although they were not strictly abolished or banned and the organ of state which had regulated them the Consulta Araldica was abolished 1 However the so called predicati territorial or manorial designations that were often connected to a noble title by use of a nobiliary particle such as di da della dei could be resumed as part of the legal surname upon judicial approval for persons who possessed it prior to 28 October 1922 date of Italian fascism s accession to power 2 In practice this meant that e g John Doe Duke of Somewhere or Princess Jane of Kingdom might become John Doe di Somewhere or Jane della Kingdom respectively Nonetheless titles are often still used unofficially in villages private clubs and some social sets Signore and Signora formerly signifying landed nobility are translations of Lord and Lady used also in the military hierarchy and for persons in official positions or for members of a society s elite A few titles are also common in diminutive form as terms of affection for young people e g Principino for Princeling or Contessina for the Little Countess Imperatore Emperor Imperatrice Empress Re King Regina Queen Principe Prince Principessa Princess Duca Duke Duchessa Duchess Marchese Marquis Marchesa Marchioness Conte Count or Earl Contessa Countess Visconte Viscount Viscontessa Viscountess Barone Baron Baronessa Baroness Patrizio Patrician Patrizia Nobiluomo n h n u Nobleman Nobildonna n d Noblewoman Cavaliere Ereditario Baronet no female equivalent 2 Use of the prefix Don as a style for certain persons of distinction spread to the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily during the Spanish domination of southern Italy in the 16th century Officially it was the style to address a noble as distinct from a reigning prince principe or duke duca and their children and agnatic descendants Any Italian monarch as in Spain might informally be addressed or referred to with this prefix for example King Carlos III of Spain was widely known in his Neapolitan realm as Don Carlo Genealogical databases and dynastic works still reserve the title for this class of noble by tradition although it is no longer a right under Italian law In practice especially in the countryside Don was also used as an honorific title for untitled noblemen such as knights The feminine is Donna State honours EditThe President of the Republic can award honours of the Republic These are Medals Gold Silver Bronze to persons or entity for merit or valor Knighthood Cavaliere di Gran Croce Grande Ufficiale Commendatore comm Cavaliere Ufficiale cav uff Cavaliere cav of five Orders Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana Ordine Militare d Italia Ordine al Merito del Lavoro Ordine della Stella d Italia Ordine di Vittorio Veneto Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana Order of Merit of the Italian Republic is for outstanding merit in regard to the nation Ordine Militare d Italia Military Order of Italy rewards the actions of units of the armed forces or by individual soldiers demonstrating expertise responsibility and valour The title may be given posthumously Ordine al Merito del Lavoro Order of Merit for Labour for those who have worked with skilfulness contributing to the development of the nation and improving the status of the workers Ordine della Stella d Italia Order of the Star of Italy for a contribution to the post war reconstruction of Italy Ordine di Vittorio Veneto Order of Vittorio Veneto for Italian soldiers of the First World WarIn addition the Orders of Chivalry of the Royal House of Savoy and other Italian dynasties may confer honorifics Cavaliere and Dama as do the Holy See and the Order of Malta Oddly the Italian Republic bestows the rank of knight but not that of dame though ladies may be decorated with knightly rank State related honorifics EditPresidente pres President used for the President of the Republic or for the President of the Senate of the Chamber of Deputies of the Council of Ministers Prime Minister of the Constitutional Court of a Region Council for Judges president of a Court Presidente emerito pres em Emeritus President used for former President of the Republic Senatore sen Senator some are for life ex Presidents of the Republic and persons who glorified the Country Onorevole on Honourable member of the Chamber of Deputies and member of the municipal Council of Rome Ministro min Minister Giudice Judge Console cons Consul othersWork profession related titles EditDottore Dottoressa dott Doctor in Italy it is used for any person holding a university degree This often confuses foreigners Dottore Dottoressa magistrale dott mag Magistral Doctor More specific title for people holding a laurea magistrale the Italian equivalent to a master degree Dottore Dottoressa di ricerca dott ric Doctor of research More specific title for people holding a dottorato di ricerca the Italian equivalent to a Doctorate this title is the equivalent of the English Doctor Maestro Maestra teacher or expert artisan or musician Mastro archaic for artisans Professore prof Professoressa prof ssa Professor usually used for university teachers and high school teachers Full professors in the university are most formally addressed as Chiarissimo Professor Chiar mo Prof derived from Latin clarus which meant famed University headmasters Rettore are formally addressed as Magnifico Rettore Magnificent Headmaster Academic professional qualification related titles EditHigh school diplomas Ragioniere rag business economics Geometra geom land surveying and construction Perito per degree of technical extraction in a specific branch such as chemistry or mechanics or naval or nautical in some cases however a perito holds no more than a three year university laurea Maestro Maestra degree from a music conservatory or educational program Note however that grade school teachers of all levels are frequently called maestro in common everyday use while high school teachers are called professore University degrees Dottore dott all people holding a laurea degree The laurea was previously the only academic degree given by Italian Universities With the Riforma Universitaria the Italian system has moved closer to conformity with the rest of Europe and North America Laurea may now refer to a three year degree the laurea triennale or to a laurea magistrale or Master s degree which requires two additional years of study The former confers the title dottore holders of the latter receive the academic title dottore magistrale Outside Italy however it is inappropriate for the holder of a new laurea to use the title Doctor Avvocato avv Lawyer a laurea specialistica in law and a state exam are both required Ingegnere ing Engineer a laurea specialistica in engineering and a state exam are both required Architetto arch Architect a laurea specialistica in architecture and a state exam are both required Dottore di Ricerca holder of a Ph D literally Doctor of Research Roman Catholic Church titles EditBesides normal titles there are some honorifics that are peculiar to the Catholic Church being found in European countries of Catholic tradition Don used for members of the secular clergy more a form of address than a title as such don comes from a medieval styling for very esteemed persons it is a colloquial form of Dominus the Latin for Lord Sir It is still used for Bishops or citizens in some areas as in Spain Portugal and Latin America prevosto provost title used in northern Italy and Tuscany for important parish priests arciprete archpriest usually used for the senior priest in an important or significant town that is not a bishop s seat i e not the centre of a diocese curato curate parish priest of the countryside canonico canon the senior priests attached to the cathedral who have special liturgical and administrative responsibilities both there and in the diocese Military titles of rank EditEsercito Army see Italian Army enlisted military ranks and Italian Army officers military ranks Marina Militare Navy see Naval officer ranks Aeronautica Militare Air force Carabinieri gendarmerie officers ranks are the same as in the Italian Army Style for letters EditExcluding special titles or antique versions in Italy this is the manner of address in letters to men Egregio signor Egr sig lit eminent equiv Dear Mr Mister name name Esq to men or women Gentile signore signora Gentile sig sig ra lit kind equiv Dear Mr Mrs Ms Sir Madam to agencies organisations Spettabile Spett le lit esteemed equiv Messrs See also EditForm of Address Italian Wikipedia Italian orders of merit Military Order of Italy Italian medals 1860 today Italian Wikipedia References Edit Governo Italiano La Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana Disposizioni Transitorie e Finali XIV in Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri Retrieved 2006 12 04 I titoli nobiliari non sono riconosciuti I predicati di quelli esistenti prima del 28 ottobre 1922 valgono come parte del nome l Ordine mauriziano e conservato come ente ospedaliero e funziona nei modi stabiliti dalla legge La legge regola la soppressione della Consulta araldica a b Regalis Italian Titles of Nobility Louis Mendola Archived from the original on 2010 06 21 Retrieved 2006 12 04 External links EditState honorifics from the site of the Presidency of the Italian Republic Armed Forces on the site of the Ministry of Defence Site of the Ministry of Instruction Site of the Ministry of University and Research Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Italian honorifics amp oldid 1122145069, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
