His first mention was in 1410, when he commanded left flank of Kara Koyunlu army against Ahmad Jalayir.[3] He was ruling Adilcevaz when his father died.[4]
During reign of Qara IskanderEdit
He retreated to Chukhur Saad province (later Erivan) where the Saadlu tribe, one of the main sub-tribes of the Kara Koyunlu swore fealty to him and presented him state treasure.[5] He later submitted to Qara Iskander in 1421. Soon Shahrukh crossed the Aras River and battling the forces of Iskander and Ispend at Yakhsi (28 July 1421 - 1 August 1421). Timurid forces were almost defeated when Amir Shahmalik cut heads of two slain soldiers and tricked both into thinking his brother was killed. Iskander's forces retreated to Kirkuk.[1] Ispend used this opportunity to seize Tabriz. However soon retreated to Avnik upon arrival of Qara Iskander.
Reign in BaghdadEdit
In October 1431 he was invited to Hillah by Jalayirid amirs, a city ruled by Husain II (grandson of Ahmad Jalayir).[6] Hussain was hunted down and killed on 9 November 1431, thus ending latest remnant of Jalayirid Sultanate. He soon captured Baghdad, forcing his half-brother Shah Muhammad to flee. Upon establishing himself in Baghdad, he ordered to struck coins in his own name.[7]
When Qara Iskander killed in 1435, he accepted many refugees including his nephews and nieces - Alvand Mirza, Malik Qasim, Asad, Rustam, Tarkhan, Malik Muhammad, Arayish begum and Shahsaray begum.[8]
He decided to invade Anatolia in 1437, but was defeated by Aq Qoyunlu chief Hamza beg (Qara Osman's son).[9]
Death and successionEdit
He died on 8 March 1445, bequeathing his kingdom on his nephew, Alvand Mirza since his son Fulad Mirza was too young at the time. However, most of the emirs preferred Fulad.[1]
ReferencesEdit
^ abcMinorsky, V. (1955). "The Qara-Qoyunlu And The Qutb-Shahs". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 17 (1): 50–73. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00106342. ISSN 1474-0699. S2CID 162273460.
^Muḥaddis̲, Mīr Hāshim (1982). Tārīkh-i Qizilbāshān [History of Qizilbashes] (in Persian). Tehrān : Bihnām. p. 16.
^Ṭihrānī, Abū Bakr (2001). Kitab-i Diyarbekriyye. Öztürk, Mürsel. (1. baskı ed.). Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı. pp. 88–91. ISBN9751727650. OCLC 49665724.
SourcesEdit
Sümer, Faruk (1984). Kara Koyunlular (in Turkish). Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu
Hasan beg Rumlu - Aḥsan at-tawārīḫ (in Azerbaijani) Kastamonu: Uzanlar, 2017 ISBN9786050306415
This Iraqi biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
ispend, yusuf, ispend, aspand, isfahan, qara, yusuf, ruled, over, baghdad, environs, twelve, years, amir, isfahanruler, baghdadreign1433, 1445coronation9, april, 1433predecessorshah, muhammadsuccessorfulad, mirzadied8, march, 1445baghdaddynastykara, koyunlufat. Ispend Aspand 1 or Isfahan 2 was the son of Qara Yusuf and ruled over Baghdad and its environs for twelve years Amir IsfahanRuler of BaghdadReign1433 1445Coronation9 April 1433PredecessorShah MuhammadSuccessorFulad MirzaDied8 March 1445BaghdadDynastyKara KoyunluFatherQara YusufReligionShiiteContents 1 During reign of Qara Yusuf 2 During reign of Qara Iskander 3 Reign in Baghdad 4 Death and succession 5 References 6 SourcesDuring reign of Qara Yusuf EditHis first mention was in 1410 when he commanded left flank of Kara Koyunlu army against Ahmad Jalayir 3 He was ruling Adilcevaz when his father died 4 During reign of Qara Iskander EditHe retreated to Chukhur Saad province later Erivan where the Saadlu tribe one of the main sub tribes of the Kara Koyunlu swore fealty to him and presented him state treasure 5 He later submitted to Qara Iskander in 1421 Soon Shahrukh crossed the Aras River and battling the forces of Iskander and Ispend at Yakhsi 28 July 1421 1 August 1421 Timurid forces were almost defeated when Amir Shahmalik cut heads of two slain soldiers and tricked both into thinking his brother was killed Iskander s forces retreated to Kirkuk 1 Ispend used this opportunity to seize Tabriz However soon retreated to Avnik upon arrival of Qara Iskander Reign in Baghdad EditIn October 1431 he was invited to Hillah by Jalayirid amirs a city ruled by Husain II grandson of Ahmad Jalayir 6 Hussain was hunted down and killed on 9 November 1431 thus ending latest remnant of Jalayirid Sultanate He soon captured Baghdad forcing his half brother Shah Muhammad to flee Upon establishing himself in Baghdad he ordered to struck coins in his own name 7 When Qara Iskander killed in 1435 he accepted many refugees including his nephews and nieces Alvand Mirza Malik Qasim Asad Rustam Tarkhan Malik Muhammad Arayish begum and Shahsaray begum 8 He decided to invade Anatolia in 1437 but was defeated by Aq Qoyunlu chief Hamza beg Qara Osman s son 9 Death and succession EditHe died on 8 March 1445 bequeathing his kingdom on his nephew Alvand Mirza since his son Fulad Mirza was too young at the time However most of the emirs preferred Fulad 1 References Edit a b c Minorsky V 1955 The Qara Qoyunlu And The Qutb Shahs Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 17 1 50 73 doi 10 1017 S0041977X00106342 ISSN 1474 0699 S2CID 162273460 Muḥaddis Mir Hashim 1982 Tarikh i Qizilbashan History of Qizilbashes in Persian Tehran Bihnam p 16 Sumer 1984 pp 83 84 Rumlu p 93 Sumer 1984 pp 109 116 Jackson Peter JALAYERIDS Encyclopaedia Iranica www iranicaonline org Retrieved 2018 08 23 Coins of Ispend struck in Baghdad Sumer 1984 pp 143 Ṭihrani Abu Bakr 2001 Kitab i Diyarbekriyye Ozturk Mursel 1 baski ed Ankara T C Kultur Bakanligi pp 88 91 ISBN 9751727650 OCLC 49665724 Sources EditSumer Faruk 1984 Kara Koyunlular in Turkish Ankara Turk Tarih Kurumu Hasan beg Rumlu Aḥsan at tawariḫ in Azerbaijani Kastamonu Uzanlar 2017 ISBN 9786050306415 nbsp This Iraqi biographical article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ispend bin Yusuf amp oldid 1131511123, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
