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Iron Gate (Diocletian's Palace)

January 01, 1970

The Iron Gate (Croatian: Željezna vrata, Latin: Porta ferrea), or "the Western Gate", is one of the four principal Roman gates into the stari grad (old town) of Split that was once Diocletian's Palace. Originally a military gate from which troops entered the complex, the gate is the only one to have remained in continuous use to the present day.

The Iron Gate
Native name
Croatian: Zlatna vrata
View of The Iron Gate from 2013, Photo by Mark Ahsmann
TypeGatehouse
LocationSplit, Croatia
Coordinates43°30′31″N 16°26′21″E / 43.50861°N 16.43917°E / 43.50861; 16.43917
Built4th century AD
Built byDiocletian
Architectural style(s)Roman
Location of The Iron Gate in Croatia

History edit

During the late antiquity, the gate was known as the Porta Occidentalis [1] ("the Western Gate"). During the persecutions under Theodosius I, a relief sculpture of Nike, the Roman goddess of victory (which stood on the lintel) was removed from the gate, later in the 5th century, Christians engraved a Cross in its place.[2][3]

In the 6th century, above the gate a small church dedicated to St Theodore was built.[4] This coincided with the complex seeing an influx of refugees from outlining communities, similar churches were over the Golden Gate, the Silver Gate, and the Bronze Gate. Above the Church of Our Lady of Zvonik a pre-Romanesque bell tower was erected in the 11th century and the oldest preserved bell tower on the Adriatic coast. In the 11th century, the church was rebuilt and rededicated, now known as the church of our Lady of the Belfry or Church of Our Lady of Zvonik, where an image of Our Lady of Zvonik is preserved. Later a clock was added to outface of the gate. During the Middle Ages the area inside the gate was used as a courthouse.[5]

After the expansion of the city from the palace to the west, the Iron Gate remained in operation as a city gate[6] with a guard house. The Romanesque bell tower partially concealed the left side of the gate, on the right the palace of the family Cipriani Benedetti, decorated with two unique six-sided windows.[7] In later years, a Bazaar of small shops operated well into the 20th century.[8]

Description edit

The Porta Occidentalis was a secondary gate of Diocletian's palace, as it was not the main gate and was located in the middle of the west wall. Made up of two parts, an outer and inner gates designed as a defensive system[9] the architecture has a rich profile, while the arch is easily profiled. Instead of blind arches and columns, a series of casual arcades are arranged.

These doors are located next to the propagator stairs, similar to the original ones, leading to the patrol corridor. The hallway on each side has three arcades of 1.45 x 2.90 ms on the inside and five on the outside. The width of the corridor is 1.20 m, the right part of the wall is 0.57, the left 0.45 m, and the total wall thickness is 2.22 m. The corridor is about 5.20 m high and the original rock stone cover a slab ending the height of the perimeter wall and is the only place in the palace where you can see the tip of the main wall. The relative height at that place is 15.75 m and the threshold is 1m lower than today's passage.[10] The city clock is also of special interest as it has 24 digits (instead of the usual 12).[11]

Gallery edit

  •  
    Reconstruction of the 5th century Porta Ferrea
  •  
    The Porta Ferrea and its adjacent buildings 2017

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".
  2. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".
  3. ^ Prijatelj, Kruno, Spomenici Splita i okolice, str. 34.
  4. ^ https://www.min-kulture.hr/default aspx?id=6212&IsItSearchRegistar=yes&free=&kat_opcina=&kat_cestica=&klasifikacija=-1&naziv=&smjestaj=&opcina=&zupanija=&vrsta=NEP(P)&unesco=&vrsta_zastite=za%c5%a1ti%c4%87eno+kulturno+dobro&Page=1
  5. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".
  6. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".
  7. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".
  8. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".
  9. ^ "Iron Gate, Split".
  10. ^ Šušnjar, Bogdan, Villa cara Dioklecijana, str. 76.
  11. ^ "Split - the Iron Gate".

Further reading edit

  • Baras, Frane, Prohujalo pod Marjanom, legende i kronike, Naklada Boskovic, Split, 2010. ISBN 978-953-263-147-0
  • Prijatelj, Kruno, Spomenici Splita i okolice, Ex libris, Split-Zagreb, 2005. ISBN 953-6310-46-5
  • Šušnjar, Bogdan, Villa de Diocleziano in Split, Naklada Bošković, Split, 2003. ISBN 953-7090-06-X

External links edit

  • Zlatna vrata u Splitu - putovnica.net (accessed 23.06.2019.) (in Croatian)
  • Zlatna vrata - split.hr 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine (accessed 23.06.2019.) (in Croatian)
  • Zlatna vrata - visitsplit.com (accessed 23.06.2019.) (in Croatian)

January 01, 1970
iron, gate, diocletian, palace, iron, gate, croatian, Željezna, vrata, latin, porta, ferrea, western, gate, four, principal, roman, gates, into, stari, grad, town, split, that, once, diocletian, palace, originally, military, gate, from, which, troops, entered,. The Iron Gate Croatian Zeljezna vrata Latin Porta ferrea or the Western Gate is one of the four principal Roman gates into the stari grad old town of Split that was once Diocletian s Palace Originally a military gate from which troops entered the complex the gate is the only one to have remained in continuous use to the present day The Iron GateNative name Croatian Zlatna vrataView of The Iron Gate from 2013 Photo by Mark AhsmannTypeGatehouseLocationSplit CroatiaCoordinates43 30 31 N 16 26 21 E 43 50861 N 16 43917 E 43 50861 16 43917Built4th century ADBuilt byDiocletianArchitectural style s RomanLocation of The Iron Gate in Croatia Contents 1 History 2 Description 3 Gallery 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksHistory editDuring the late antiquity the gate was known as the Porta Occidentalis 1 the Western Gate During the persecutions under Theodosius I a relief sculpture of Nike the Roman goddess of victory which stood on the lintel was removed from the gate later in the 5th century Christians engraved a Cross in its place 2 3 In the 6th century above the gate a small church dedicated to St Theodore was built 4 This coincided with the complex seeing an influx of refugees from outlining communities similar churches were over the Golden Gate the Silver Gate and the Bronze Gate Above the Church of Our Lady of Zvonik a pre Romanesque bell tower was erected in the 11th century and the oldest preserved bell tower on the Adriatic coast In the 11th century the church was rebuilt and rededicated now known as the church of our Lady of the Belfry or Church of Our Lady of Zvonik where an image of Our Lady of Zvonik is preserved Later a clock was added to outface of the gate During the Middle Ages the area inside the gate was used as a courthouse 5 After the expansion of the city from the palace to the west the Iron Gate remained in operation as a city gate 6 with a guard house The Romanesque bell tower partially concealed the left side of the gate on the right the palace of the family Cipriani Benedetti decorated with two unique six sided windows 7 In later years a Bazaar of small shops operated well into the 20th century 8 Description editThe Porta Occidentalis was a secondary gate of Diocletian s palace as it was not the main gate and was located in the middle of the west wall Made up of two parts an outer and inner gates designed as a defensive system 9 the architecture has a rich profile while the arch is easily profiled Instead of blind arches and columns a series of casual arcades are arranged These doors are located next to the propagator stairs similar to the original ones leading to the patrol corridor The hallway on each side has three arcades of 1 45 x 2 90 ms on the inside and five on the outside The width of the corridor is 1 20 m the right part of the wall is 0 57 the left 0 45 m and the total wall thickness is 2 22 m The corridor is about 5 20 m high and the original rock stone cover a slab ending the height of the perimeter wall and is the only place in the palace where you can see the tip of the main wall The relative height at that place is 15 75 m and the threshold is 1m lower than today s passage 10 The city clock is also of special interest as it has 24 digits instead of the usual 12 11 Gallery edit nbsp Reconstruction of the 5th century Porta Ferrea nbsp The Porta Ferrea and its adjacent buildings 2017See also edit nbsp Croatia portal Diocletian s Palace Vestibule Split The Bronze Gate Diocletian s Palace The Golden Gate Diocletian s Palace The Silver Gate Diocletian s Palace The Golden Gate Constantinople Imperial entrance gate of the city of Constantinople present day Istanbul Turkey Red Peristyle an act of urban intervention done on the main square of the palace Roman architecture Marjan Croatia Salona DalmatiaReferences edit Split the Iron Gate Split the Iron Gate Prijatelj Kruno Spomenici Splita i okolice str 34 https www min kulture hr default aspx id 6212 amp IsItSearchRegistar yes amp free amp kat opcina amp kat cestica amp klasifikacija 1 amp naziv amp smjestaj amp opcina amp zupanija amp vrsta NEP P amp unesco amp vrsta zastite za c5 a1ti c4 87eno kulturno dobro amp Page 1 Split the Iron Gate Split the Iron Gate Split the Iron Gate Split the Iron Gate Iron Gate Split Susnjar Bogdan Villa cara Dioklecijana str 76 Split the Iron Gate Further reading editBaras Frane Prohujalo pod Marjanom legende i kronike Naklada Boskovic Split 2010 ISBN 978 953 263 147 0 Prijatelj Kruno Spomenici Splita i okolice Ex libris Split Zagreb 2005 ISBN 953 6310 46 5 Susnjar Bogdan Villa de Diocleziano in Split Naklada Boskovic Split 2003 ISBN 953 7090 06 XExternal links editZlatna vrata u Splitu putovnica net accessed 23 06 2019 in Croatian Zlatna vrata split hr Archived 2015 09 24 at the Wayback Machine accessed 23 06 2019 in Croatian Zlatna vrata visitsplit com accessed 23 06 2019 in Croatian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Iron Gate Diocletian 27s Palace amp oldid 1181584459, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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