An injection molding machine (also spelled as injection moulding machine in BrE), also known as an injection press, is a machine for manufacturing plastic products by the injection molding process. It consists of two main parts, an injection unit and a clamping unit.[1]
Paper clip mold opened in molding machine; the nozzle is visible at rightA injection molding machine with a robot
Injection molding machine molds can be fastened in either a horizontal or vertical position. Most machines are horizontally oriented, but vertical machines are used in some niche applications such as insert molding, allowing the machine to take advantage of gravity. Some vertical machines also do not require the mold to be fastened. There are many ways to fasten the tools to the platens, the most common are manual clamps (both halves are bolted to the platens); however, hydraulic clamps (chocks are used to hold the tool in place) and magnetic clamps are also used. The magnetic and hydraulic clamps are used where fast tool changes are required.
The person designing the mold chooses whether the mold uses a cold runner system or a hot runner system to carry the plastic and fillers from the injection unit to the cavities. A cold runner is a simple channel carved into the mold. The plastic that fills the cold runner cools as the part cools and is then ejected with the part as a sprue. A hot runner system is more complicated, often using cartridge heaters to keep the plastic in the runners hot as the part cools. After the part is ejected, the plastic remaining in a hot runner is injected into the next part.
Types of injection molding machinesedit
Machines are classified primarily by the type of driving systems they use: hydraulic, mechanical, electrical, or hybrid
Hydraulicedit
Hydraulic machines have historically been the only option available to molders until Nissei Plastic Industrial introduced the first all-electric injection molding machine in 1983.[2] Hydraulic machines, although not nearly as precise, are the predominant type in most of the world, with the exception of Japan.[3]
Mechanicaledit
Mechanical type machines use the toggle system for building up tonnage on the clamps of the machine. Tonnage is required on all machines so that the clamps of the machine do not open due to the injection pressure. If the mold partially opens up, it will create flashing in the plastic product.
Electricedit
The electric press, also known as Electric Machine Technology (EMT), reduces operation costs by cutting energy consumption and also addresses some of the environmental concerns surrounding the hydraulic press. Electric presses have been shown to be quieter, faster, and have a higher accuracy, however the machines are more expensive.
Hybrid injection (sometimes referred to as "Servo-Hydraulic") molding machines claim to take advantage of the best features of both hydraulic and electric systems, but in actuality use almost the same amount of electricity to operate as an electric injection molding machine depending on the manufacturer.[4][5]
A robotic arm is often used to remove the molded components; either by side or top entry, but it is more common for parts to drop out of the mold, through a chute and into a container.
^Le, Van-Duong; Hoang, Van-Thanh; Bang, Tao Quang; Benabou, Lahouari; Tran, Ngoc-Hai; Luu, Duc-Binh; Park, Jang Min (2022). "Computational Study on the Clamping Mechanism in Injection Molding Machine". doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1431947/v1.
Further readingedit
Bryce, Douglas M. Plastic Injection Molding: Manufacturing Process Fundamentals. SME, 1996.
Brydson, J, Plastics Materials, Butterworths 9th Ed (1999).
Callister, William D, Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, John Wiley and Sons
Lewis, Peter Rhys, Reynolds, K, Gagg, C, Forensic Materials Engineering: Case studies, CRC Press (2004).
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This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations September 2010 Learn how and when to remove this message An injection molding machine also spelled as injection moulding machine in BrE also known as an injection press is a machine for manufacturing plastic products by the injection molding process It consists of two main parts an injection unit and a clamping unit 1 Paper clip mold opened in molding machine the nozzle is visible at right A injection molding machine with a robot Contents 1 Operation 2 Types of injection molding machines 2 1 Hydraulic 2 2 Mechanical 2 3 Electric 3 Main components of injection molding machine 3 1 Injection unit 3 2 Clamping unit 4 References 5 Further readingOperation editInjection molding machine molds can be fastened in either a horizontal or vertical position Most machines are horizontally oriented but vertical machines are used in some niche applications such as insert molding allowing the machine to take advantage of gravity Some vertical machines also do not require the mold to be fastened There are many ways to fasten the tools to the platens the most common are manual clamps both halves are bolted to the platens however hydraulic clamps chocks are used to hold the tool in place and magnetic clamps are also used The magnetic and hydraulic clamps are used where fast tool changes are required The person designing the mold chooses whether the mold uses a cold runner system or a hot runner system to carry the plastic and fillers from the injection unit to the cavities A cold runner is a simple channel carved into the mold The plastic that fills the cold runner cools as the part cools and is then ejected with the part as a sprue A hot runner system is more complicated often using cartridge heaters to keep the plastic in the runners hot as the part cools After the part is ejected the plastic remaining in a hot runner is injected into the next part Types of injection molding machines editMachines are classified primarily by the type of driving systems they use hydraulic mechanical electrical or hybrid Hydraulic edit Hydraulic machines have historically been the only option available to molders until Nissei Plastic Industrial introduced the first all electric injection molding machine in 1983 2 Hydraulic machines although not nearly as precise are the predominant type in most of the world with the exception of Japan 3 Mechanical edit Mechanical type machines use the toggle system for building up tonnage on the clamps of the machine Tonnage is required on all machines so that the clamps of the machine do not open due to the injection pressure If the mold partially opens up it will create flashing in the plastic product Electric edit The electric press also known as Electric Machine Technology EMT reduces operation costs by cutting energy consumption and also addresses some of the environmental concerns surrounding the hydraulic press Electric presses have been shown to be quieter faster and have a higher accuracy however the machines are more expensive Hybrid injection sometimes referred to as Servo Hydraulic molding machines claim to take advantage of the best features of both hydraulic and electric systems but in actuality use almost the same amount of electricity to operate as an electric injection molding machine depending on the manufacturer 4 5 A robotic arm is often used to remove the molded components either by side or top entry but it is more common for parts to drop out of the mold through a chute and into a container Main components of injection molding machine editInjection unit edit Consists of three main components Screw motor drive Reciprocating screw and barrel Heaters Thermocouple Ring plunger Clamping unit edit Consists of three main components 6 Mold Clamping motor drive Tie bars the sender is clamped into the edge of a workbench Hydraulic QMCReferences edit Rosato D V 2000 Injection Molding Handbook Springer ISBN 9781461370772 Nissei Plastic Industrial history nisseiplastic com Plastic injection molding machine for Dakumar dakumar com Choose a Login Method PDF oaktrust library tamu edu FNX III Series www nisseiamerica com Le Van Duong Hoang Van Thanh Bang Tao Quang Benabou Lahouari Tran Ngoc Hai Luu Duc Binh Park Jang Min 2022 Computational Study on the Clamping Mechanism in Injection Molding Machine doi 10 21203 rs 3 rs 1431947 v1 Further reading editBryce Douglas M Plastic Injection Molding Manufacturing Process Fundamentals SME 1996 Brydson J Plastics Materials Butterworths 9th Ed 1999 Callister William D Materials Science and Engineering An Introduction John Wiley and Sons Lewis Peter Rhys Reynolds K Gagg C Forensic Materials Engineering Case studies CRC Press 2004 Osswald Tim Lih Sheng Turng Paul J Gramann Injection Molding Handbook 2nd Ed Hanser Verlag 2007 Osswald E Schmachtenberg and E Baur International Plastics Handbook Hanser Verlag 2006 ISBN 978 1569903995 Rosato Donald V Marlene G Rosato Concise Encyclopedia of Plastics Springer 2000 Rosato Dominick Rosato Marlene and Rosato Donald Injection Molding Handbook 3rd Ed Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000 Todd Robert H Dell K Allen and Leo Alting Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide Industrial Press Inc 1994 pgs 240 245 Whelan Tony Polymer Technology Dictionary Springer 1994 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Injection molding machine amp oldid 1220278074, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
