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Infantry Branch (United States)

January 20, 2023

The Infantry Branch (also known as the "Queen of Battle") is a branch of the [United States Army] first established in 1775.

Infantry branch
Branch insignia, worn on the left collar of some U.S. Army uniforms.
Founded14 June 1775
Country United States
Branch United States Army
Home stationFort Benning, Georgia
Nickname(s)"Queen of Battle"
Motto(s)"Follow me!"
Branch color  Saxony blue[1]
EngagementsRevolutionary War
Indian Wars
War of 1812
Mexican–American War
Utah War
American Civil War
Spanish–American War
Philippine–American War
Banana Wars
Boxer Rebellion
Border War
World War I
Russian Civil War
World War II
Korean War
Operation Power Pack
Vietnam War
Operation Eagle Claw
Invasion of Grenada
Invasion of Panama
Persian Gulf War
Somali Civil War
Kosovo War
War in Afghanistan
Iraq War
Operation Inherent Resolve
Commanders
Chief of InfantryBG Larry Q. Burris Jr.
Insignia
Infantry blue cord

History

Ten companies of riflemen were authorized by a resolution of the Continental Congress on 14 June 1775. However, the oldest Regular Army infantry regiment, the 3rd Infantry Regiment, was constituted on 3 June 1784, as the First American Regiment

18th century

On 3 March 1791, Congress added to the Army "The Second Regiment of Infantry"

  • An Act of Congress on 16 July 1798 authorized twelve additional regiments of infantry
  • An Act of Congress on 11 January 1812 increased the Regular Army to 46 infantry and 4 rifle regiments
  • An Act of Congress on 3 March 1815 reduced the Regular Army from the 46 infantry and 4 rifle regiments it fielded in the War of 1812 to a peacetime establishment of 8 infantry regiments, further reduced to 7 in 1821. The origins of the Army's current regimental numbering system dates from this act.

19th century

The Army organized into seven infantry regiments, 1821;

Ten one-year regiments were authorized by an Act of Congress on 11 February 1847 because of the Mexican–American War, but only the 9th through 16th Infantry Regiments were activated; they did not re-form permanently until the 1850s and 1860s.

Civil War expansion to 19 regiments;

In a major expansion under General Order 92, War Department, 23 November 1866, pursuant to an act of Congress of 28 July 1866 (14 Stat. 332), the 2nd and 3rd battalions of the existing 11th through 19th Infantry Regiments were expanded and designated as the 20th through 37th Infantry Regiments. Four new regiments (the 38th through 41st) were to be composed of black enlisted men, and the new 42nd through 45th Infantry Regiments for wounded veterans of the Civil War.

This was reduced by consolidation to 25 regiments under General Order 17, War Department, 15 March 1869, with the 24th and 25th Infantry Regiments constituting the black enlisted force. On 2 February 1901, Congress passed the Army Reorganization Act, which authorized five additional regiments, the 26th through 30th;

20th century

The Militia Act of 1903 standardized the regulations, organization, equipage, and training of state militia force, forming the genesis of the modern National Guard (see Militia (United States)).

In 1916, Congress enacted the National Defense Act and under War Department General Orders Number 22 dated 30 June 1916 that ordered seven new regiments to be organized; four in the Continental United States, one in the Philippine Islands (32nd Infantry Regiment), one in Hawaii (32nd Infantry Regiment), and one, the 33rd Infantry Regiment, in the Canal Zone.

In 1917, a new numbering system was set up. Infantry regimental numbers 1 through 100 were allotted to the Regular Army, 101 through 300 to the National Guard, and 301 and up to the National Army. 167 National Guard units were re-organized and re-numbered from the previously used state system to the new federal system; the 71st New York Infantry Regiment was able to lobby to keep their old 19th century number which violated this numbering rule while serving on the Mexican border in 1916; however, the unit was broken up and most of its troops assigned to the 27th Division after re-federalization in 1917.[2] The 71st was re-formed in 1919 and served in World War II as the 71st Infantry Regiment. In the 1990s the 165th Infantry Regiment (formerly the 69th New York Infantry Regiment) reverted to its old number as the 69th Infantry Regiment.

A new system, the U.S. Army Combat Arms Regimental System, or CARS, was adopted in 1957 to replace the old regimental system. CARS uses the Army's traditional regiments as parent organizations for historical purposes, but the primary building blocks are divisions, and brigades composed of battalions. Each battalion of a brigade carries an association with a parent regiment, even though the regimental organization (i.e., an organized headquarters) generally no longer exists. In some brigades, several numbered battalions carrying the same regimental association may still serve together, and tend to consider themselves part of their traditional regiment when in fact they are independent battalions serving a brigade, rather than a regimental, headquarters. The CARS was replaced by the U.S. Army Regimental System (USARS) in 1981, which requires soldiers to "affiliate" with a regiment of their choice, increasing esprit de corps and the possibility of soldiers serving multiple assignments with the same regiment.

21st century

There are exceptions to USARS regimental titles, including the Armored Cavalry Regiments and the 75th Ranger Regiment created in 1986. On 1 October 2005, the word "regiment" was formally appended to the name of all active and inactive CARS and USARS regiments. So, for example, the 1st Cavalry officially became titled the 1st Cavalry Regiment

Chief of Infantry

From 1920 to 1942, the Infantry branch was led by the Chief of Infantry, who held the temporary rank of major general. This individual had responsibility for doctrine, training, equipment fielding, and other matters. During World War II, the duties of the branch chiefs, including Infantry, Cavalry, Field Artillery, Coast Artillery, were taken over by the commander of Army Ground Forces. Individuals who served as Chief of Field Artillery included:[3]

  • Major General Charles S. Farnsworth, July 1, 1920 – March 27, 1925
  • Major General Robert H. Allen, March 28, 1925 – March 27, 1929
  • Major General Stephen O. Fuqua, March 28, 1929 – May 5, 1933
  • Major General Edward Croft, May 6, 1933 – April 30, 1937
  • Major General George A. Lynch, May 24, 1937 – April 30, 1941
  • Major General Courtney H. Hodges, May 31, 1941 – March 9, 1942

Branch insignia

Two gold color crossed muskets, vintage 1795 Springfield musket (Model 1795 Musket), 3/4 inch in height.

Crossed muskets were first introduced into the U.S. Army as the insignia of officers and enlisted men of the Infantry on 19 November 1875 (War Department General Order No. 96 dtd 19 Nov 1875) to take effect on or before 1 June 1876. Numerous attempts in the earlier years were made to keep the insignia current with the ever-changing styles of rifles being introduced into the Army. However, in 1924 the branch insignia was standardized by the adoption of crossed muskets and the 1795 model Springfield Arsenal musket was adopted as the standard musket to be used. This was the first official United States shoulder arm, made in a government arsenal, caliber .69, flint lock, smooth bore, muzzle loader. The standardized musket now in use was first suggested by Major General Charles S. Farnsworth, U.S. Army, while he was the first Chief of Infantry, in July 1921, and approved by General Pershing, Chief of Staff, in 1922. The device adopted in 1922 has been in continual use since 1924. There have been slight modifications in the size of the insignia over the years; however, the basic design has remained unchanged.

Branch plaque

The plaque design has the branch insignia, letters and border in gold. The background is Saxony blue.

Regimental insignia

Personnel assigned to the Infantry branch affiliate with a specific regiment and wear the insignia of the affiliated regiment.

Regimental coat of arms

There is no standard infantry regimental flag to represent all of the infantry regiments. Each regiment of infantry has its own coat of arms which appears on the breast of a displayed eagle. The background of all the infantry regimental flags is flag blue with yellow fringe.

Branch colors

Saxony Blue – 65014 cloth; 67120 yarn; PMS 5415.

The Infantry has made two complete cycles between white and light blue. During the Revolutionary War, white facings were prescribed for the Infantry. White was the color used for Infantry until 1851 at which time light or Saxony blue was prescribed for the pompon and for the trimming on Infantry horse furniture. In 1857, the color was prescribed as sky blue. In 1886, the linings of capes and trouser stripes were prescribed to be white. However, in 1902, the light blue was prescribed again. In 1917, the cape was still lined with light blue but the Infantry trouser stripes were of white as were the chevrons for enlisted men. The infantry color is light blue; however, infantry regimental flags and guidons have been National Flag blue since 1835. White is used as a secondary color on the guidons for letters, numbers, and insignia.

Birthday

14 June 1775. The Infantry is the oldest branch in the Army. Ten companies of riflemen were authorized by the Continental Congress Resolve of 14 June 1775. However, the oldest Regular Army Infantry Regiment, the 3rd Infantry, was constituted on 3 June 1784 as the First American Regiment.

Current active units

The United States Army Infantry School is currently at Fort Benning, Georgia.

(*)Note: Combined arms battalions contain two mechanized infantry companies, along with two armor (tank) companies and a headquarters and headquarters company.

Current types of U.S. Army Infantry

(Comparison with U.S. Marine Corps Infantry)

The US Army currently employs three types of infantry: light infantry (consisting of four sub-types), Stryker infantry, and mechanized infantry. The infantrymen themselves are essentially trained, organized, armed, and equipped the same, save for some having airborne, air assault, and/or Ranger qualification(s), the primary difference being in the organic vehicles (or lack thereof) assigned to the infantry unit, or the notional delivery method (e.g., parachute drop or heliborne) employed to place the infantryman on the battlefield. All modern US Army rifle platoons contain three nine-man rifle squads, except for mechanized infantry, which only has two rifle squads per rifle platoon due to troop carrying limitations of the four Infantry Fighting Vehicles organic to each rifle platoon. Each type of infantry has a discrete TO&E.

Light and Ranger infantry have similar battalion organizations (i.e., an Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC) and three infantry companies), however there are significant differences in the composition of each of the two types of companies between the battalions. Airborne and Air Assault infantry battalions (sharing essentially the same battalion, company, and platoon organization), are significantly larger than the light and Ranger infantry battalions, because they contain an anti-armor company and have a larger HHC. Stryker and mechanized infantry units' TO&Es are markedly different from each other as well as from the several sub-types of light infantry. An obvious difference is the requirement to allow for additional manpower and equipment to man, maintain, and service their respective vehicles.

Light Infantry

Primarily foot-mobile, usually transported by motorized assets, capable of air assault operations.

  • Light Infantry: Standard light infantry not otherwise designated or qualified as one of the other three subtypes. Organized into battalions consisting of a HHC and three rifle companies. Three light infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Light).
  • Airborne Infantry: Parachute qualified and capable of night, low-level parachute insertion when deployed by U.S. Air Force fixed-wing strategic or tactical transport aircraft or Army Aviation assets. Organized into battalions consisting of an HHC, three rifle companies, and an antiarmor company. Three airborne infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Airborne).
  • Air Assault Infantry: Assigned to units with associated Army Aviation elements, with both the infantry and aviation elements specifically trained and organized to perform the air assault mission, however all light infantry are capable of performing the air assault mission when transported by appropriate aviation assets. Organized into battalions consisting of an HHC, three rifle companies, and an antiarmor company. Three air assault infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Air Assault).
  • Ranger Infantry: Parachute qualified and specifically trained and designated for special operations missions as well as conventional light infantry tasks. Organized into battalions consisting of an HHC and three Ranger companies. The three Ranger infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of the 75th Ranger Regiment.

Stryker Infantry

Equipped with M1126 Stryker Infantry Carrier Vehicles, "Stryker" infantry is essentially a new form of "medium infantry." While technically a form of mechanized infantry, because of their namesake wheeled mounts Stryker infantry is more heavily armored and weapon-equipped than light infantry, but not as robust in either category as mechanized infantry. Organized into battalions consisting of a headquarters and headquarters company and three Stryker infantry companies. Three infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of a Stryker Brigade Combat Team.

Mechanized Infantry

Equipped with M2 Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle, they are trained, organized, and equipped to operate in conjunction with tanks, therefore, essentially forming the modern equivalent of "heavy" or "armored" infantry. (Both terms, historically eschewed by the U.S. Army Infantry Branch due to supposed pejorative or "Armor Branch," viz., "tank unit" biases.) Mechanized infantry is organized into "Combined Arms" battalions consisting of an HHC, and either two tank companies, and one mechanized infantry company, or two mechanized infantry companies and one tank company. Three Combined Arms Battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Armored Brigade Combat Team.

The U.S. Army Infantryman's Creed

Infantryman's Creed[4]

I am the Infantry.

I am my country's strength in war.
Her deterrent in peace.
I am the heart of the fight...
wherever, whenever.
I carry America's faith and honor
against her enemies.
I am the Queen of Battle.
I am what my country expects me to be...
the best trained soldier in the world.
In the race for victory
I am swift, determined, and courageous,
armed with a fierce will to win.
Never will I fail my country's trust.
Always I fight on...
through the foe,
to the objective,
to triumph over all,
If necessary, I will fight to my death.
By my steadfast courage,
I have won more than 200 years of freedom.
I yield not to weakness,
to hunger,
to cowardice,
to fatigue,
to superior odds,
for I am mentally tough, physically strong,
and morally straight.
I forsake not...
my country,
my mission,
my comrades,
my sacred duty.
I am relentless.
I am always there,
now and forever.
I AM THE INFANTRY!
FOLLOW ME!

See also

References

  •   This article incorporates public domain material from Infantry branch. United States Army Institute of Heraldry.
  1. ^ . Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  2. ^ Sutliffe, Robert Stewart (22 March 2018). "Seventy-first New York in the world war". New York, Printed by J. J. Little & Ives co. – via Internet Archive., pp. 34-39
  3. ^ Hewes, James E., Center of Militart History, U.S. Army (1975). From Root to McNamara: Army Organization and Administration, 1900-1963. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 392 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ The Infantryman’s Creed PDF. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  • Historical register and dictionary of the United States Army, from ..., Volume 1 By Francis Bernard Heitman [1]
  • Official U. S. bulletin, Volume 1 By United States (1917). Committee on Public Information [2]
  • Encyclopedia of United States Army insignia and uniforms By William K. Emerson (page 51).[3]
  • Infantry Division Components of the US Army By Timothy Aumiller [4]
  • Rinaldi, Richard A. (2004). The U. S. Army in World War I: Orders of Battle. General Data LLC. ISBN 0-9720296-4-8.

External links

  • Infantry | Lineage and Honors | U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH)
  • Divisions and Brigades | Lineage and Honors | U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH)
  • Crossed Musket - The Device of the Infantry

January 20, 2023
infantry, branch, united, states, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, infantry, branch, united, states, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Infantry Branch United States news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Infantry Branch also known as the Queen of Battle is a branch of the United States Army first established in 1775 Infantry branchBranch insignia worn on the left collar of some U S Army uniforms Founded14 June 1775Country United StatesBranch United States ArmyHome stationFort Benning GeorgiaNickname s Queen of Battle Motto s Follow me Branch color Saxony blue 1 EngagementsRevolutionary War Indian Wars War of 1812 Mexican American War Utah War American Civil War Spanish American War Philippine American War Banana Wars Boxer Rebellion Border War World War I Russian Civil War World War II Korean War Operation Power Pack Vietnam War Operation Eagle Claw Invasion of Grenada Invasion of Panama Persian Gulf War Somali Civil War Kosovo War War in Afghanistan Iraq WarOperation Inherent ResolveCommandersChief of InfantryBG Larry Q Burris Jr InsigniaInfantry blue cord Contents 1 History 1 1 18th century 1 2 19th century 1 3 20th century 1 4 21st century 2 Chief of Infantry 3 Branch insignia 3 1 Branch plaque 3 2 Regimental insignia 3 3 Regimental coat of arms 3 4 Branch colors 3 5 Birthday 4 Current active units 5 Current types of U S Army Infantry 5 1 Light Infantry 5 2 Stryker Infantry 5 3 Mechanized Infantry 6 The U S Army Infantryman s Creed 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditTen companies of riflemen were authorized by a resolution of the Continental Congress on 14 June 1775 However the oldest Regular Army infantry regiment the 3rd Infantry Regiment was constituted on 3 June 1784 as the First American Regiment 18th century Edit On 3 March 1791 Congress added to the Army The Second Regiment of Infantry An Act of Congress on 16 July 1798 authorized twelve additional regiments of infantry An Act of Congress on 11 January 1812 increased the Regular Army to 46 infantry and 4 rifle regiments An Act of Congress on 3 March 1815 reduced the Regular Army from the 46 infantry and 4 rifle regiments it fielded in the War of 1812 to a peacetime establishment of 8 infantry regiments further reduced to 7 in 1821 The origins of the Army s current regimental numbering system dates from this act 19th century Edit The Army organized into seven infantry regiments 1821 1st Infantry Regiment 2nd Infantry Regiment 3rd Infantry Regiment 4th Infantry Regiment 5th Infantry Regiment 6th Infantry Regiment 7th Infantry Regiment 8th Infantry Regiment added in 1838 Ten one year regiments were authorized by an Act of Congress on 11 February 1847 because of the Mexican American War but only the 9th through 16th Infantry Regiments were activated they did not re form permanently until the 1850s and 1860s 9th Infantry Regiment United States added in 1855 10th Infantry Regiment United States added in 1855 Civil War expansion to 19 regiments 11th Infantry Regiment 12th Infantry Regiment 13th Infantry Regiment 14th Infantry Regiment 15th Infantry Regiment 16th Infantry Regiment 17th Infantry Regiment 18th Infantry Regiment 19th Infantry RegimentIn a major expansion under General Order 92 War Department 23 November 1866 pursuant to an act of Congress of 28 July 1866 14 Stat 332 the 2nd and 3rd battalions of the existing 11th through 19th Infantry Regiments were expanded and designated as the 20th through 37th Infantry Regiments Four new regiments the 38th through 41st were to be composed of black enlisted men and the new 42nd through 45th Infantry Regiments for wounded veterans of the Civil War 20th Infantry Regiment 21st Infantry Regiment 22nd Infantry Regiment 23rd Infantry Regiment 24th Infantry Regiment 25th Infantry RegimentThis was reduced by consolidation to 25 regiments under General Order 17 War Department 15 March 1869 with the 24th and 25th Infantry Regiments constituting the black enlisted force On 2 February 1901 Congress passed the Army Reorganization Act which authorized five additional regiments the 26th through 30th 26th Infantry Regiment 27th Infantry Regiment 28th Infantry Regiment 29th Infantry Regiment 30th Infantry Regiment20th century Edit The Militia Act of 1903 standardized the regulations organization equipage and training of state militia force forming the genesis of the modern National Guard see Militia United States In 1916 Congress enacted the National Defense Act and under War Department General Orders Number 22 dated 30 June 1916 that ordered seven new regiments to be organized four in the Continental United States one in the Philippine Islands 32nd Infantry Regiment one in Hawaii 32nd Infantry Regiment and one the 33rd Infantry Regiment in the Canal Zone 31st Infantry Regiment 32nd Infantry Regiment 33rd Infantry Regiment 34th Infantry Regiment 35th Infantry Regiment 36th Infantry Regiment 37th Infantry RegimentIn 1917 a new numbering system was set up Infantry regimental numbers 1 through 100 were allotted to the Regular Army 101 through 300 to the National Guard and 301 and up to the National Army 167 National Guard units were re organized and re numbered from the previously used state system to the new federal system the 71st New York Infantry Regiment was able to lobby to keep their old 19th century number which violated this numbering rule while serving on the Mexican border in 1916 however the unit was broken up and most of its troops assigned to the 27th Division after re federalization in 1917 2 The 71st was re formed in 1919 and served in World War II as the 71st Infantry Regiment In the 1990s the 165th Infantry Regiment formerly the 69th New York Infantry Regiment reverted to its old number as the 69th Infantry Regiment 38th Infantry Regiment 39th Infantry Regiment 40th Infantry Regiment 41st Infantry Regiment 42nd Infantry Regiment 43rd Infantry Regiment reorganized in April 1921 as a Philippine Scouts unit 44th Infantry Regiment reorganized in April 1921 as a Philippine Scouts unit 45th Infantry Regiment reorganized in April 1921 as a Philippine Scouts unit 46th Infantry Regiment 47th Infantry Regiment 48th Infantry Regiment 49th Infantry Regiment 50th Infantry Regiment 51st Infantry Regiment 52nd Infantry Regiment 53rd Infantry Regiment 54th Infantry Regiment 55th Infantry Regiment 56th Infantry Regiment 57th Infantry Regiment reorganized in April 1921 as a Philippine Scouts unit 58th Infantry Regiment 59th Infantry Regiment 60th Infantry Regiment 61st Infantry Regiment 62nd Infantry Regiment 63rd Infantry Regiment 64th Infantry Regiment 65th Infantry Regiment reorganized by the Reorganization Act of 4 June 1920 from the Puerto Rico Regiment 66th Infantry Regiment 67th Infantry Regiment 68th Infantry Regiment 69th Infantry Regiment United States the Federal 69th Infantry not associated with the New York state unit 70th Infantry Regiment 71st Infantry Regiment the Federal 71st Infantry not associated with the New York State unit briefly existed in the 11th Division in World War I 72nd Infantry Regiment 73rd Infantry Regiment 74th Infantry Regiment redesignated from the 474th Infantry Regiment in 1954 75th Infantry Regiment 75th Infantry Regiment Ranger uses the number of the 75th Infantry Regiment but does not carry on its lineage 76th Infantry Regiment 77th Infantry Regiment Philippine Scouts 78th Infantry Regiment Philippine Scouts 79th Infantry Regiment Philippine Scouts 80th Infantry Regiment 81st Infantry Regiment 82nd Infantry Regiment 83rd Infantry Regiment 84th Infantry Regiment 85th Infantry Regiment 86th Infantry Regiment 87th Infantry Regiment 88th Infantry Regiment 89th Infantry Regiment 90th Infantry Regiment 91st Infantry Regiment The 92nd through 100th Infantry Regiments were never constitutedA new system the U S Army Combat Arms Regimental System or CARS was adopted in 1957 to replace the old regimental system CARS uses the Army s traditional regiments as parent organizations for historical purposes but the primary building blocks are divisions and brigades composed of battalions Each battalion of a brigade carries an association with a parent regiment even though the regimental organization i e an organized headquarters generally no longer exists In some brigades several numbered battalions carrying the same regimental association may still serve together and tend to consider themselves part of their traditional regiment when in fact they are independent battalions serving a brigade rather than a regimental headquarters The CARS was replaced by the U S Army Regimental System USARS in 1981 which requires soldiers to affiliate with a regiment of their choice increasing esprit de corps and the possibility of soldiers serving multiple assignments with the same regiment 21st century Edit There are exceptions to USARS regimental titles including the Armored Cavalry Regiments and the 75th Ranger Regiment created in 1986 On 1 October 2005 the word regiment was formally appended to the name of all active and inactive CARS and USARS regiments So for example the 1st Cavalry officially became titled the 1st Cavalry RegimentChief of Infantry EditFrom 1920 to 1942 the Infantry branch was led by the Chief of Infantry who held the temporary rank of major general This individual had responsibility for doctrine training equipment fielding and other matters During World War II the duties of the branch chiefs including Infantry Cavalry Field Artillery Coast Artillery were taken over by the commander of Army Ground Forces Individuals who served as Chief of Field Artillery included 3 Major General Charles S Farnsworth July 1 1920 March 27 1925 Major General Robert H Allen March 28 1925 March 27 1929 Major General Stephen O Fuqua March 28 1929 May 5 1933 Major General Edward Croft May 6 1933 April 30 1937 Major General George A Lynch May 24 1937 April 30 1941 Major General Courtney H Hodges May 31 1941 March 9 1942Branch insignia EditTwo gold color crossed muskets vintage 1795 Springfield musket Model 1795 Musket 3 4 inch in height Crossed muskets were first introduced into the U S Army as the insignia of officers and enlisted men of the Infantry on 19 November 1875 War Department General Order No 96 dtd 19 Nov 1875 to take effect on or before 1 June 1876 Numerous attempts in the earlier years were made to keep the insignia current with the ever changing styles of rifles being introduced into the Army However in 1924 the branch insignia was standardized by the adoption of crossed muskets and the 1795 model Springfield Arsenal musket was adopted as the standard musket to be used This was the first official United States shoulder arm made in a government arsenal caliber 69 flint lock smooth bore muzzle loader The standardized musket now in use was first suggested by Major General Charles S Farnsworth U S Army while he was the first Chief of Infantry in July 1921 and approved by General Pershing Chief of Staff in 1922 The device adopted in 1922 has been in continual use since 1924 There have been slight modifications in the size of the insignia over the years however the basic design has remained unchanged Branch plaque Edit The plaque design has the branch insignia letters and border in gold The background is Saxony blue Regimental insignia Edit Personnel assigned to the Infantry branch affiliate with a specific regiment and wear the insignia of the affiliated regiment Regimental coat of arms Edit There is no standard infantry regimental flag to represent all of the infantry regiments Each regiment of infantry has its own coat of arms which appears on the breast of a displayed eagle The background of all the infantry regimental flags is flag blue with yellow fringe Branch colors Edit Saxony Blue 65014 cloth 67120 yarn PMS 5415 The Infantry has made two complete cycles between white and light blue During the Revolutionary War white facings were prescribed for the Infantry White was the color used for Infantry until 1851 at which time light or Saxony blue was prescribed for the pompon and for the trimming on Infantry horse furniture In 1857 the color was prescribed as sky blue In 1886 the linings of capes and trouser stripes were prescribed to be white However in 1902 the light blue was prescribed again In 1917 the cape was still lined with light blue but the Infantry trouser stripes were of white as were the chevrons for enlisted men The infantry color is light blue however infantry regimental flags and guidons have been National Flag blue since 1835 White is used as a secondary color on the guidons for letters numbers and insignia Birthday Edit 14 June 1775 The Infantry is the oldest branch in the Army Ten companies of riflemen were authorized by the Continental Congress Resolve of 14 June 1775 However the oldest Regular Army Infantry Regiment the 3rd Infantry was constituted on 3 June 1784 as the First American Regiment Current active units EditThe United States Army Infantry School is currently at Fort Benning Georgia 1st Armored Division 9 combined arms battalions 1st Cavalry Division 9 combined arms battalions 1st Infantry Division 6 combined arms battalions 2nd Infantry Division 6 Stryker infantry battalions 3rd Infantry Division 7 combined arms battalions and 3 Army National Guard light infantry battalions 4th Infantry Division 3 combined arms battalions and 6 Stryker infantry battalions 10th Mountain Division 9 light infantry battalions 11th Airborne Division 3 light infantry battalions and 2 airborne infantry battalions 25th Infantry Division 6 light infantry battalions 4 Regular 1 Army National Guard 1 Army Reserve 82nd Airborne Division 9 airborne infantry battalions 101st Airborne Division 9 air assault infantry battalions 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team 3 airborne infantry battalions 2 Regular 1 Army National Guard 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment 2 combined arms battalions 2nd Cavalry Regiment 3 Stryker infantry squadrons 3rd Cavalry Regiment 3 Stryker infantry squadrons 3rd Infantry Regiment The Old Guard 2 light infantry battalions 75th Ranger Regiment 3 Ranger airborne infantry battalions Note Combined arms battalions contain two mechanized infantry companies along with two armor tank companies and a headquarters and headquarters company Current types of U S Army Infantry Edit Comparison with U S Marine Corps Infantry The US Army currently employs three types of infantry light infantry consisting of four sub types Stryker infantry and mechanized infantry The infantrymen themselves are essentially trained organized armed and equipped the same save for some having airborne air assault and or Ranger qualification s the primary difference being in the organic vehicles or lack thereof assigned to the infantry unit or the notional delivery method e g parachute drop or heliborne employed to place the infantryman on the battlefield All modern US Army rifle platoons contain three nine man rifle squads except for mechanized infantry which only has two rifle squads per rifle platoon due to troop carrying limitations of the four Infantry Fighting Vehicles organic to each rifle platoon Each type of infantry has a discrete TO amp E Light and Ranger infantry have similar battalion organizations i e an Headquarters and Headquarters Company HHC and three infantry companies however there are significant differences in the composition of each of the two types of companies between the battalions Airborne and Air Assault infantry battalions sharing essentially the same battalion company and platoon organization are significantly larger than the light and Ranger infantry battalions because they contain an anti armor company and have a larger HHC Stryker and mechanized infantry units TO amp Es are markedly different from each other as well as from the several sub types of light infantry An obvious difference is the requirement to allow for additional manpower and equipment to man maintain and service their respective vehicles Light Infantry Edit Primarily foot mobile usually transported by motorized assets capable of air assault operations Light Infantry Standard light infantry not otherwise designated or qualified as one of the other three subtypes Organized into battalions consisting of a HHC and three rifle companies Three light infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Infantry Brigade Combat Team Light Airborne Infantry Parachute qualified and capable of night low level parachute insertion when deployed by U S Air Force fixed wing strategic or tactical transport aircraft or Army Aviation assets Organized into battalions consisting of an HHC three rifle companies and an antiarmor company Three airborne infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Infantry Brigade Combat Team Airborne Air Assault Infantry Assigned to units with associated Army Aviation elements with both the infantry and aviation elements specifically trained and organized to perform the air assault mission however all light infantry are capable of performing the air assault mission when transported by appropriate aviation assets Organized into battalions consisting of an HHC three rifle companies and an antiarmor company Three air assault infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Infantry Brigade Combat Team Air Assault Ranger Infantry Parachute qualified and specifically trained and designated for special operations missions as well as conventional light infantry tasks Organized into battalions consisting of an HHC and three Ranger companies The three Ranger infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of the 75th Ranger Regiment Stryker Infantry Edit Equipped with M1126 Stryker Infantry Carrier Vehicles Stryker infantry is essentially a new form of medium infantry While technically a form of mechanized infantry because of their namesake wheeled mounts Stryker infantry is more heavily armored and weapon equipped than light infantry but not as robust in either category as mechanized infantry Organized into battalions consisting of a headquarters and headquarters company and three Stryker infantry companies Three infantry battalions form the primary maneuver component of a Stryker Brigade Combat Team Mechanized Infantry Edit Equipped with M2 Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle they are trained organized and equipped to operate in conjunction with tanks therefore essentially forming the modern equivalent of heavy or armored infantry Both terms historically eschewed by the U S Army Infantry Branch due to supposed pejorative or Armor Branch viz tank unit biases Mechanized infantry is organized into Combined Arms battalions consisting of an HHC and either two tank companies and one mechanized infantry company or two mechanized infantry companies and one tank company Three Combined Arms Battalions form the primary maneuver component of an Armored Brigade Combat Team The U S Army Infantryman s Creed EditInfantryman s Creed 4 I am the Infantry I am my country s strength in war Her deterrent in peace I am the heart of the fight wherever whenever I carry America s faith and honor against her enemies I am the Queen of Battle I am what my country expects me to be the best trained soldier in the world In the race for victory I am swift determined and courageous armed with a fierce will to win Never will I fail my country s trust Always I fight on through the foe to the objective to triumph over all If necessary I will fight to my death By my steadfast courage I have won more than 200 years of freedom I yield not to weakness to hunger to cowardice to fatigue to superior odds for I am mentally tough physically strong and morally straight I forsake not my country my mission my comrades my sacred duty I am relentless I am always there now and forever I AM THE INFANTRY FOLLOW ME See also EditArmor Branch Blue Infantry Cord Combat Infantryman Badge Field Artillery Branch United States Guidon United States U S Army branch insignia U S Army Infantry School List of United States War Department Forms Lists US Army ordnance publications circa 1895 1920 links online versions including many infantry weapons U S Marine Infantry U S Marine Corps Infantry U S Marine Corps School of Infantry U S Air Force Security ForcesReferences Edit This article incorporates public domain material from Infantry branch United States Army Institute of Heraldry The Institute of Heraldry Color List and Color Conversion Chart Retrieved February 9 2021 Sutliffe Robert Stewart 22 March 2018 Seventy first New York in the world war New York Printed by J J Little amp Ives co via Internet Archive pp 34 39 Hewes James E Center of Militart History U S Army 1975 From Root to McNamara Army Organization and Administration 1900 1963 Washington DC U S Government Printing Office p 392 via Google Books The Infantryman s Creed PDF Retrieved February 9 2021 Historical register and dictionary of the United States Army from Volume 1 By Francis Bernard Heitman 1 Official U S bulletin Volume 1 By United States 1917 Committee on Public Information 2 Encyclopedia of United States Army insignia and uniforms By William K Emerson page 51 3 Infantry Division Components of the US Army By Timothy Aumiller 4 Rinaldi Richard A 2004 The U S Army in World War I Orders of Battle General Data LLC ISBN 0 9720296 4 8 External links EditInfantry Lineage and Honors U S Army Center of Military History CMH Divisions and Brigades Lineage and Honors U S Army Center of Military History CMH Crossed Musket The Device of the Infantry Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Infantry Branch United States amp oldid 1132943916, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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