Inauguration of Javier Milei

The inauguration of Javier Milei as president of Argentina took place on Sunday, 10 December 2023, in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in Buenos Aires. The inauguration marked the commencement of the four-year term of Milei as president and Victoria Villarruel as vice president. The inauguration marked the formal culmination of Milei's presidential transition that began after he won the 2023 Argentine presidential election held on 19 November 2023. Over twenty national leaders and representatives attended the ceremony.

Inauguration of Javier Milei

Alberto Fernández hands over the presidential scepter, a symbol of the presidency itself, to Javier Milei.
Date	10 December 2023; 2 months ago (2023-12-10)
Venue	Buenos Aires, Argentina
Location	Palace of the Congress Casa Rosada
Participants	Javier Milei (incoming) Victoria Villarruel (incoming) Alberto Fernández (outgoing) Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (outgoing)
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Background

Further information: 2023 Argentine general election and Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign

 

Electoral map for the second round of the election. Milei won 55.65% of the votes against Sergio Massa, the biggest win since Argentina returned to democracy in 1983.

The inauguration marked the culmination of the presidential transition of Javier Milei, who had become president-elect of Argentina after defeating Sergio Massa on 19 November 2023, and the formal start of the presidential administration of Milei.^[1] Victoria Villarruel became Milei's vice president.^[2] Despite being eligible for a second consecutive term, both incumbent president Alberto Fernández and incumbent vice president and former president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner did not seek re-election.^[3][4]

In the first round of the election on 22 October, Massa of the ruling Union for the Homeland unexpectedly came in first place, winning 36% of the vote, against Milei of La Libertad Avanza, who came in second place, with 30% of the vote. Massa's victory in the first round was seen as an upset because of the severe inflation that took place during Massa's tenure as Minister of Economy, as well as Milei's lead in polls up to that point.^[5]

In the runoff, Milei defeated Massa with 55.8% of the vote, the highest percentage of the vote since Argentina's transition to democracy. In a surprise reversal of the first round, Milei outperformed polls, which had been calling a much closer race. Massa conceded defeat shortly before the official results were published.^[6][7]

A right-wing libertarian who has also been described as a far-right populist, Milei, who is a member of the Libertarian Party, became the first libertarian president in Argentine history.^[8] Observers generally saw Milei's win as a sign more of discontent with the status quo than support for his politics,^[9] and his victory was likened to those of Donald Trump in the United States and Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil.^[10][11]

Planning

Security and counter-terrorism efforts

According to reports, the inauguration ceremony was heavily guarded with the mobilization of 7,000 security personnel. Drones were utilized as part of the security measures.^[12]

Pre-inaugural events

After winning the election, Milei announced upcoming visits to the United States and Israel before taking the oath.^[13] On 21 November, Milei met with the outgoing president Alberto Fernández.^[14] On 26 November, in an attempt to soften his image, Milei also invited the incumbent Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, whom he had insulted as a communist and as someone he would not deal with during his campaign;^[15] Lula declined the invite.^[16] On 27 November, Milei visited the United States and prayed at the grave of the famous Orthodox rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (1902–1994) in New York City.^[17] On 28 November, Milei announced that four countries (Cuba, Iran, Nicaragua, and Venezuela) were not invited to his inauguration.^[18]

Inaugural events

 

Milei and Villarruel being presented before the Argentine Senate moments after taking office

As is customary, Milei delivered a speech to the Argentine nation,^[19][20] warning of an economic shock, which has been described as shock therapy in economic terms, to be used as a means to fix Argentina's economic woes,^[21][22][23] with inflation rising to 200 percent.^[24] He was accompanied to Casa Rosada by his sister Karina, who also officially became the First Lady of Argentina rather than Milei's partner Fátima Flórez.^[25][26]

Following the inauguration, Milei saw his popularity increase in public opinion. After the first governmental and economic reforms taken by the president and his ministers, 53% of the Argentine people had a very good and good image of the new head of state according to a popularity poll made by Aresco on 15 December.^[27]

Guests

 

Milei with heads of state guests at Casa Rosada. From left to right: Vahagn Khachaturyan of Armenia, Daniel Noboa of Ecuador, Santiago Peña of Paraguay, Felipe VI of Spain, Javier Milei, Gabriel Boric of Chile, Luis Lacalle Pou of Uruguay as well as Viktor Orbán of Hungary and Volodymyr Zelenskyy of Ukraine.

Over twenty national leaders and representatives attended Milei's inauguration.^[28][29] Former United States president Donald Trump indicated that he wanted to participate but did not do so for logistical reasons.^[30] Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orbán and Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy were seen having an argument during the presentation of Milei and Villarruel before the Senate, described the following day by Zelenskyy as a "frank talk".^[31][32]

International leaders and representatives

Country	Leader	Status	Ref
Algeria	Ibrahim Boughali	President of the People's National Assembly	^[33]
Armenia	Vahagn Khachaturyan	President of Armenia	^[34]
Bolivia	Celinda Sosa Lunda [la]	Minister of Foreign Affairs	^[35]
Brazil	Jair Bolsonaro	Former president of Brazil	^[36]
	Mauro Vieira	Minister of Foreign Affairs	^[37]
Chile	Gabriel Boric	President of Chile	^[38]
	Alberto van Klaveren	Foreign Minister	^[39]
China	Wu Weihua	Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee	^[40]
Dominican Republic	José Ignacio Paliza	Administrative Minister of the Presidency	^[41]
Ecuador	Guillermo Lasso	Former president of Ecuador	^[28]^[29]
	Daniel Noboa	President of Ecuador	^[42]
El Salvador	Gustavo Villatoro	Minister of Justice and Public Security [es]	^[43]
France	Stanislas Guerini	Minister of Public Transformation and Service	^[44]
Honduras	Renato Florentino	Vice President of Honduras	^[45]
Hungary	Viktor Orbán	Prime Minister of Hungary	^[46]
Italy	Anna Maria Bernini	Minister of University and Research	^[47]
Israel	Eli Cohen	Minister of Foreign Affairs	^[48]
Paraguay	Santiago Peña	President of Paraguay	^[49]
Peru	Javier González-Olaechea [es]	Minister of Foreign Affairs	^[50]
Russia	Dmitry Feoktistov [ru]	Russian Ambassador to Argentina	^[51]
South Korea	Bang Ki-sun [ko]	Minister of Government Policy Coordination	^[52]
Spain	Felipe VI	King of Spain	^[53]
Ukraine	Volodymyr Zelenskyy	President of Ukraine	^[43]
Uruguay	Luis Lacalle Pou	President of Uruguay	^[54]
United Kingdom	David Rutley	Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Americas and Caribbean	^[55]
United States	Jennifer Granholm	United States Secretary of Energy	^[56]
	Carlos Monje	Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy	^[57]
	Marc Stanley	United States Ambassador to Argentina

Other guests

Other dignitaries included several legislators and party leaders, mostly from the political right.^[28][29]

Country	Person	Status	Ref
Australia	John Ruddick	Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council	^[58]
Brazil	Eduardo Bolsonaro	Member of the Chamber of Deputies, son of Jair Bolsonaro	^[59]^[60]
	Flávio Bolsonaro	Member of the Brazilian Senate, eldest child of Jair Bolsonaro
	Ronaldo Caiado	Governor of Goiás
	Cláudio Castro	Governor of Rio de Janeiro
	Tarcísio de Freitas	Governor of São Paulo
	Jorginho Mello	Governor of Santa Catarina
Chile	José Antonio Kast	President of the Republican Party	^[60]
Ireland	Declan Ganley	Businessman, former leader of Libertas	^[61]
Japan	Akiko Santō	Member of the Liberal Democratic Party and former president of the House of Councillors	^[62]
	Hiroshi Yamauchi [ja]	Japanese ambassador to Argentina
Mexico	Eduardo Verástegui	Prospective independent candidate in the 2024 Mexican presidential election
Spain	Santiago Abascal	Leader of Vox	^[63]
	Esperanza Aguirre	Former president of the Community of Madrid, former president of the Spanish Senate, and ex-Minister of Education, Culture and Sport	^[64]
	Cayetana Álvarez de Toledo	Member of the Congress of Deputies
	Javier Ortega Smith	Vice-president of Vox	^[65]
	Hermann Tertsch	Member of the European Parliament	^[66]
United States	Mark Green	Member of the United States House of Representatives	^[67]
	Gary Palmer	Member of the United States House of Representatives
	María Elvira Salazar	Member of the United States House of Representatives

References

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25. "Milei subió a su hermana Karina al auto oficial que lo trasladó a Casa Rosada" [Milei put her sister Karina in the official car that took him to Casa Rosada]. Ámbito Financiero (in Spanish). 10 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
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36. "La asunción de Milei: los líderes internacionales que confirmaron su presencia y los que están en duda" [Milei's inauguration: the international leaders who confirmed their presence and those who are in doubt]. La Nación (in Spanish). 23 November 2023. from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
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42. "Noboa prevé hacer su primer viaje oficial a Argentina para asistir a investidura de Milei" [Noboa plans to make his first official trip to Argentina to attend Milei's investiture]. EFE (in Spanish). 5 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023 – via Swissinfo.ch.
43. "Ceremonia de asunción de Milei: Zelensky confirma asistencia y Bukele se baja" [Milei inauguration ceremony: Zelensky confirms attendance and Bukele leaves]. La Tercera (in Spanish). 6 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
44. Wesfreid, Marcelo (9 December 2023). "Argentine: Macron envoie finalement Guerini à l'investiture de Milei" [Argentina: Macron eventually sends Guerini to Milei's inauguration]. Le Parisien (in French). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
45. Benavides, Sofía (7 December 2023). "¿Qué líderes internacionales asistirán a la asunción de Javier Milei en Argentina?" [Which international leaders will attend the inauguration of Javier Milei in Argentina?]. CNN en Español (in Spanish). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023 – via ABC 17.
46. "El primer ministro húngaro Víktor Orbán asistirá a la asunción de Javier Milei" [Hungarian Prime Minister Víktor Orbán will attend the inauguration of Javier Milei]. Infobae (in Spanish). 25 November 2023. from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
47. Bonzo, Andrea (9 December 2023). "Anna Maria Bernini, ministra italiana de Universidades: 'Con Javier Milei veo las condiciones para reforzar la relación entre Italia y Argentina'" [Anna Maria Bernini, Italian Minister of Universities: "With Javier Milei I see the conditions to strengthen the relationship between Italy and Argentina"]. Infobae (in Spanish). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
48. "Antes de asumir, Javier Milei recibirá al canciller de Israel y a un grupo de familiares de secuestrados por el grupo terrorista Hamas" [Before taking office, Javier Milei will receive the Foreign Minister of Israel and a group of relatives of those kidnapped by the terrorist group Hamas]. Infobae (in Spanish). 7 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
49. "Santi ya habló con Milei y sugirió que podría visitar Paraguay antes de asumir" [Santi already spoke with Milei and suggested that he could visit Paraguay before taking office]. La Política Online (in Spanish). 20 November 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
50. "Dina Boluarte no asistirá a la asunción de Milei como presidente de Argentina" [Dina Boluarte will not attend Milei's inauguration as president of Argentina]. HCH (in Spanish). 21 November 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
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53. Pérez, Cristina (29 November 2023). "Jorge Faurie: Contó como sera la asunción de Milei y confirmó que vendrá el Rey de España" [Jorge Faurie: He told what Milei's inauguration will be like and confirmed that the King of Spain will come]. Radio Rivadavia (in Spanish). from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
54. "Luis Lacalle Pou asistirá a la asunción de Javier Milei" [Luis Lacalle Pou will attend the inauguration of Javier Milei]. Ámbito Financiero (in Spanish). 21 November 2023. from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
55. Chaves, Facundo (9 December 2023). "Milei recibió al rey Felipe VI, a los enviados de Biden y a más autoridades que estarán en la asunción presidencial" [Milei received King Felipe VI, Biden's envoys and more authorities who will be at the presidential inauguration]. Infobae (in Spanish). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
56. "Biden se ausenta de la posesión de Milei, secretaria de Energía liderará delegación" [Biden is absent from Milei's inauguration, Energy Secretary will lead delegation]. Voz de América (in Spanish). 6 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
57. "Zelenkski, Bolsonaro, Orbán, Felipe VI y Abascal, entre los invitados a la toma de posesión de Milei" [Zelenkski, Bolsonaro, Orbán, Felipe VI and Abascal, among those invited to Milei's inauguration]. Aristegui Noticias (in Spanish). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
58. "Javier Milei is what libertarians 'have been waiting for': John Ruddick". Sky News. 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
59. "Jair Bolsonaro estará en la asunción de Milei y viene acompañado por gobernadores, diputados y senadores brasileños" [Jair Bolsonaro will be at Milei's inauguration and is accompanied by Brazilian governors, deputies and senators]. La Derecha Diario (in Spanish). 6 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
60. "La inauguración de Milei reúne a las principales figuras de la derecha internacional en Buenos Aires: Bolsonaro, Kast, Orbán, Abascal" [The inauguration of Milei brings together the main figures of the international right in Buenos Aires: Bolsonaro, Kast, Orbán, Abascal]. La Derecha Diario (in Spanish). 9 December 2023. from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
61. Declan Ganley [@declanganley] (10 December 2023). "Honoured to be present as a guest of President Milei of Argentina on the occasion of his inauguration today. Vid from here at the house of the Argentinian Congress" (Tweet). from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2023 – via Twitter.
62. Embajada del Japón [@JapanEmb_Arg] (11 December 2023). "La Embajadora de la Misión Especial del Gob. de Japón, Santo Akiko, junto al @embajadorjpnarg, felicitaron al Presidente @JMilei y la Vicepresidente @VickyVillarruel, quien los sorprendió por hablar en japonés. Se abrió una nueva página para la amistad 🇦🇷🇯🇵" [The Ambassador of the Special Mission of the Government of Japan, Santo Akiko, together with @embajadorjpnarg, congratulated President @JMilei and Vice President @VickyVillarruel, who surprised them by speaking in Japanese. A new page for friendship was opened 🇦🇷🇯🇵] (Tweet) (in Spanish). from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023 – via Twitter.
63. Tabanera, Noelia (29 November 2023). "Abascal estrecha lazos con Milei: Asistirá como invitado a su toma de posesión el 10 de diciembre en Buenos Aires" [Abascal strengthens ties with Milei: He will attend his inauguration as a guest on 10 December in Buenos Aires]. Infobae (in Spanish). from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
64. Usero Gómez, Nuria (7 December 2023). . The Objective (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
65. Javier Ortega Smith [@Ortega_Smith] (9 December 2023). "¡Vamos Argentina! ¡En pie! 🇦🇷" [Let's go Argentina! Standing! 🇦🇷] (Tweet). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023 – via Twitter.
66. Bruni, Paola (9 December 2023). "El 'entrañable reencuentro' en Buenos Aires entre Abascal y Milei: 'Hermanados contra la ruina izquierdista'" [The "endearing reunion" in Buenos Aires between Abascal and Milei: "Brotherhood against leftist ruin"]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 December 2023.
67. Patricia Bullrich [@PatoBullrich] (9 December 2023). "Con el eje en la discusión sobre la forma de cooperar en la lucha contra el narcotráfico que amenaza a las familias argentinas, mantuve reuniones de trabajo con los diputados estadounidenses @USRepGaryPalmer, presidente del House Republican Policy Committee, y @RepMarkGreen, presidente del U.S. House of Representatives Homeland Security Committee Republicans, y el embajador de los Estados Unidos, Marc Stanley (@USAmbassadorARG)" [With the focus on the discussion on how to cooperate in the fight against drug trafficking that threatens Argentine families, I held working meetings with U.S. representatives @USRepGaryPalmer, president of the House Republican Policy Committee, and @RepMarkGreen, president of the U.S. Congress. House of Representatives Homeland Security Committee Republicans, and United States Ambassador Marc Stanley (@USAmbassadorARG).] (Tweet). from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023 – via Twitter.