Improvised nuclear devices[1] or (INDs)[2][3][4] are theoretical illicit nuclear weapons bought, stolen, or otherwise originating from a nuclear state, or a weapon fabricated by a terrorist group from illegally obtained fissile nuclear weapons material that produces a nuclear explosion. An IND could be bought, or it could be built from the components of a stolen weapon or from scratch using nuclear material (plutonium, uranium, or highly enriched uranium). A successful detonation would result in catastrophic loss of life, destruction of infrastructure, and nuclear contamination of a very large area.
One type of an improvised nuclear device [IND] attack could be conducted by terrorists with radiological materials using a radiological dispersal device (RDD), or so-called “dirty bomb.”[5][6][7] An RDD causes no nuclear explosion but instead uses chemical explosive to spread harmful radioactivity. It could cause severe economic disruption and panic in an urban area, without causing large numbers of fatalities. Due to their common use in industry, agriculture, and medicine, these materials would be easier for terrorists to obtain.
Design considerationsedit
The INDs when built from scratch would most likely be of gun-type[8] which is fairly easy to design and manufacture (however, requiring highly enriched uranium).
Improvised nuclear devices are likely to cause more nuclear fallout because of incomplete fission - due to overengineering the pit (making it heavier to ensure fission occurs at least in part of it); using the gun-type design; or as a result of a fizzle (yield lower than planned due to engineering/manufacturing errors) — and are likely to be exploded at ground level rather than at an altitude, which causes ground materials to be irradiated and drawn up into the mushroom cloud.
improvised, nuclear, device, confused, with, dirty, bomb, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, news. Not to be confused with Dirty bomb This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Improvised nuclear device news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2021 Learn how and when to remove this message Improvised nuclear devices 1 or INDs 2 3 4 are theoretical illicit nuclear weapons bought stolen or otherwise originating from a nuclear state or a weapon fabricated by a terrorist group from illegally obtained fissile nuclear weapons material that produces a nuclear explosion An IND could be bought or it could be built from the components of a stolen weapon or from scratch using nuclear material plutonium uranium or highly enriched uranium A successful detonation would result in catastrophic loss of life destruction of infrastructure and nuclear contamination of a very large area Contents 1 Types 2 Design considerations 3 See also 4 ReferencesTypes editOne type of an improvised nuclear device IND attack could be conducted by terrorists with radiological materials using a radiological dispersal device RDD or so called dirty bomb 5 6 7 An RDD causes no nuclear explosion but instead uses chemical explosive to spread harmful radioactivity It could cause severe economic disruption and panic in an urban area without causing large numbers of fatalities Due to their common use in industry agriculture and medicine these materials would be easier for terrorists to obtain Design considerations editThe INDs when built from scratch would most likely be of gun type 8 which is fairly easy to design and manufacture however requiring highly enriched uranium Improvised nuclear devices are likely to cause more nuclear fallout because of incomplete fission due to overengineering the pit making it heavier to ensure fission occurs at least in part of it using the gun type design or as a result of a fizzle yield lower than planned due to engineering manufacturing errors and are likely to be exploded at ground level rather than at an altitude which causes ground materials to be irradiated and drawn up into the mushroom cloud See also editDirty bomb Nuclear weaponReferences edit Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Student Guide Improvised Nuclear Device IND Modeling and Response Planning National Capital Region PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2022 02 25 Improvised Nuclear Device Response and Recovery PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2020 10 11 Retrieved 2017 04 23 Improvised Nuclear Devices Fact Sheet PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2017 04 24 Retrieved 2017 04 23 Center for Disease Control and Prevention Improvised Nuclear Device PDF Jonathan Medalia 2011 06 24 Dirty Bombs Technical Background Attack Prevention and Response Issues for Congress PDF US Nuclear Regulatory Commission December 2012 Dirty Bombs PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2015 08 01 Retrieved 2017 04 23 http faculty uml edu bleblanc 44 212 pdf Microsoft PowerPoint DirtyBombs pdf Archived 2017 04 24 at the Wayback Machine bare URL PDF Scenario 1 Nuclear Detonation 10 Kiloton Improvised Nuclear Device Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Improvised nuclear device amp oldid 1216796567, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
