The Hwasong-12 (Korean: 《화성-12》형 or 《화성포-12》형[8]; Hanja: 火星 12型; lit. Mars Type 12; KN-17 under the U.S. naming convention)[9] is a mobile intermediate-range ballistic missile developed by North Korea. The Hwasong-12 was first revealed to the international community in a military parade on 14 April 2017 celebrating the Day of the Sun which is the birthday anniversary of North Korea's founding President, Kim Il-sung. North Korea tested Hwasong-12 on 30 January 2022.[10]
Estimated maximum operational range of the Hwasong-12 (KN-17) missile: 3700 km (inner circle), 6000 km (outer circle)
Based on photos of the launch on 14 May 2017, the Hwasong-12 appears to be a single stage design, using a single main engine along with four vernier engines. The arrangement appears similar to the "high-thrust" engine test conducted in March 2017.[11] Alternatively, it could be based on the engine used in the older Hwasong-10 with the addition of two more verniers.[5]
Initial estimates suggest the Hwasong-12 would have a maximum range of between 3,700 kilometres (2,300 mi) with a 650 kg (1,430 lb) payload[5] and 4,500 km (2,800 mi) with a 500 kg (1,100 lb) payload,[12] to as much as 6,000 km (3728 mi) (ICBM means a range of at least 5,500 km).[6] In the April 2017 military parade the Hwasong-12 was displayed on the Hwasong-10 mobile launcher, and it may be intended to replace the similarly performing Hwasong-10 which has been shown unreliable during its test program.[13][14]
On the morning of 27 September 2021, a Hwasong-8 missile was launched in Ryongrim County,[Note 1] although it was reportedly fitted with a manoeuvrable reentry vehicle, which would achieve hypersonic speed. Ankit Panda, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, stated that the new missile looked like the booster of Hwasong-12 upon inspection of the sole image of the missile, but more images would be needed to confirm it.[15] This was one of the five 'most important' weapons laid out in a five year plan in the 8th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea, where the development of the missile was reported to have already been completed. State media of North Korea described it as a weapon of great strategic significance.[16]
The missile apparently flew on a depressed trajectory, reaching an apogee of 30 km and a range of 200 km,[15] although it is likely that a part of the missile's path would have been untraceable with radar due to its ability to manoeuvre.[17] The test reportedly confirmed its navigational control and stability, as well as the guiding manoeuvrability and flight characteristics of the detached hypersonic gliding warhead. However, the missile allegedly failed to actually achieve hypersonic flight, with South Korean intelligence determining it only reached Mach 2.5-3, whereas hypersonic weapons are considered to travel at a speed of at least Mach 5 (1.7 km/s; 6,100 km/h) although actual data on the flight was not publicly released.[15] The South Korea Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) assessed that the Hwasong-8 was at an early stage of development and would take a "considerable period of time" until it could be deployed in combat.[18][19] North Korea also stated that the missile was launched through "ampulization," where the liquid fuel is sealed in the launch canister. This allows the fuel to be stored for years and eliminates the need to conduct fueling before launch, reducing preparation time needed before firing,[20] although the JCS still claimed a 'significant amount of time' was needed to deploy the missile.[15]
Previously misreported as a SCUD variant.[22] Missile traveled a range of 60 kilometers with an apogee of 189 kilometers and reportedly "pinwheeled" before flight was terminated.[23]
Missile was fired on a normal trajectory with apogee of 550 km, flew over Hokkaido in total distance of 2,700 km, landed in the Pacific Ocean 1,180 km east of the northern Japanese island.
Missile was fired on a normal trajectory with apogee of 770 km, flew over Hokkaido in total distance of 3,700 km, landed in the Pacific Ocean 2,200 km east of Cape Erimo, Hokkaido. Longest trajectory by a North Korean missile as of launch date.
Missile was launched, reaching an apogee of 970 km and landing 4500 km away in the Pacific Ocean, east of Japan.
Photos showed the missile with a different engine configuration and thrust-vector control system, differently shaped and possibly shorter nosecone or reentry vehicle, and possibly slightly longer second stage, so it is unknown if the test was of a "new-type" IRBM or modified Hwasong-12.[35] This version demonstrated the ability to deliver an almost 20% greater payload than previous Hwasong-12 missiles.[36]
^Diplomat, Ankit Panda and Vipin Narang, The. "North Korea's ICBM: A New Missile and a New Era". Retrieved 18 August 2017.
^"North Korea's Hwasong-12 Missile: Stepping Stone to an ICBM - NTI". www.nti.org. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
^ abcSavelsberg, Ralph (19 May 2017). "A Quick Technical Analysis of the Hwasong-12". 38 North. U.S.-Korea Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
^ ab김효정 (15 May 2017). "北 "신형 중장거리미사일 발사 성공"…김정은 "美본토 타격권"(종합)". Retrieved 18 August 2017.
^"North Korea probably couldn't nuke the US military in Guam even if it tried". Business Insider.
^Roh, Minho (2017-06-09). ""목표 명중!" 北 발사 순항미사일은 KN-09?". New Daily (in Korean). New Daily. Retrieved 2021-12-12.
^"Hwasong-12 - Missile Threat". Retrieved 18 August 2017.
^North Korea tested Hwasong-12, reuters.com, 31 gennaio 2022
^"Kim Jong Un Watches Ground Jet Test of Newly Developed High-Thrust Engine". NK Watch. KCNA. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^Schilling, John (14 May 2017). "North Korea's Latest Missile Test: Advancing towards an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) While Avoiding US Military Action". 38 North. U.S.-Korea Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
^Panda, Ankit (15 May 2017). "North Korea's New Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile, the Hwasong-12: First Takeaways". The Diplomat. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
^ abcdZwirko, Colin (2021-09-28). "North Korea tested new 'hypersonic missile': state media". NK News. Retrieved 2021-09-28.
^"North Korea launches 'short-range' missile toward East Sea, Seoul says | NK News". NK News - North Korea News. 2021-09-27. Retrieved 2021-09-28.
^N. Korea's 'hypersonic missile' appears to be at early stage of development: JCS. Yonhap News Agency. 29 September 2021.
^North Korea joins race for new hypersonic missile with latest test. NBC News. 29 September 2021.
^North Korea Claims Hypersonic Missile Test; Intel Community Unsure. Air Force Magazine. 30 September 2021.
^"U.S. Pacific Command detects, tracks North Korean missile launch". US Forces Korea. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^ abTomlinson, Lucas. "NoKo failed missile is KN-17, new type of Scud, US officials tell Fox". Fox News. Fox. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^Wright, David (5 April 2017). "North Korea's April 5 Missile Launch". All Things Nuclear. Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"U.S. Pacific Command detects North Korean missile launch". US Forces Korea. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^Schabnder, Dean. "North Korea's attempted missile launch fails, US officials say". ABC. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"U.S. Pacific Command detects North Korean missile launch". US Forces Korea. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^Tomlinson, Lucas (28 April 2017). "North Korea test-fires a ballistic missile that breaks up in flight, US officials say". Fox News. Fox. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"U.S. Pacific Command detects, tracks North Korean missile launch". US Forces Korea. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"Nordkoreas Diktator hat sich für eine erneute Provokation entschieden. Die USA reagieren scharf: "Alle Optionen sind auf dem Tisch". (in German)". Abendblatt. 29 August 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
^"Trump and Abe vow to increase pressure after North Korea fires missile over Japan". The Gurdian. 29 August 2017.
^"PACOM detects NK IRBM". US Forces Korea. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
^"Nordkorea feuert erneut Rakete über Japan hinweg". Abendblatt. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
^Yoonjung, Seo (3 October 2022). "Japan issues rare alert as North Korea fires missile without warning over main island". CNN. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
^Kuhn, Anthony. "North Korea fires a ballistic missile over Japan". NPR.org. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
^“A Strong Military Warning:” Four Key Implications of North Korea’s October 10 Missile Statement. 38 North. 14 October 2022.
^North Korea’s missile launch over Japan shows increased payload, distance: exclusive analysis. Breaking Defense. 15 February 2023.
^"How potent are North Korea's threats?". BBC News Online. 15 September 2015.
hwasong, korean, 화성, 화성포, hanja, 火星, 12型, mars, type, under, naming, convention, mobile, intermediate, range, ballistic, missile, developed, north, korea, first, revealed, international, community, military, parade, april, 2017, celebrating, which, birthday, a. The Hwasong 12 Korean 화성 12 형 or 화성포 12 형 8 Hanja 火星 12型 lit Mars Type 12 KN 17 under the U S naming convention 9 is a mobile intermediate range ballistic missile developed by North Korea The Hwasong 12 was first revealed to the international community in a military parade on 14 April 2017 celebrating the Day of the Sun which is the birthday anniversary of North Korea s founding President Kim Il sung North Korea tested Hwasong 12 on 30 January 2022 10 Hwasong 12TypeBallistic missile Mobile IRBM ICBMPlace of originNorth KoreaService historyIn serviceSuccessful test on 14 May 2017 1 Used byNorth KoreaProduction historyManufacturerNorth KoreaProducedJune 2017SpecificationsMass24 7 tons est Height16 5 m est Diameter1 5 m est WarheadConventional Possibly nuclearWarhead weight500 650 kg est EngineLiquid propellant rocket single chamber variant of Paektusan 2 3 4 464 1 kN totalPropellantHypergolic combination of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine UDMH as fuel and either Dinitrogen tetroxide N2 O4 Operationalrange3 700 6 000 km est 5 6 Flight altitude2 111 5 km at lofted trajectory which reduces range to 787 km GuidancesystemInertialAccuracygreater than 5 km CEP 7 LaunchplatformMAZ based vehicleKorean nameChosŏn gŭl 화성 12 형Hancha火星十二型Revised RomanizationHwaseong 12McCune ReischauerHwasŏng 12 Contents 1 Design 1 1 Hwasong 8 2 List of Hwasong 12 tests 3 Technical specifications 3 1 Current operators 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksDesign Edit Estimated maximum operational range of the Hwasong 12 KN 17 missile 3700 km inner circle 6000 km outer circle Based on photos of the launch on 14 May 2017 the Hwasong 12 appears to be a single stage design using a single main engine along with four vernier engines The arrangement appears similar to the high thrust engine test conducted in March 2017 11 Alternatively it could be based on the engine used in the older Hwasong 10 with the addition of two more verniers 5 Initial estimates suggest the Hwasong 12 would have a maximum range of between 3 700 kilometres 2 300 mi with a 650 kg 1 430 lb payload 5 and 4 500 km 2 800 mi with a 500 kg 1 100 lb payload 12 to as much as 6 000 km 3728 mi ICBM means a range of at least 5 500 km 6 In the April 2017 military parade the Hwasong 12 was displayed on the Hwasong 10 mobile launcher and it may be intended to replace the similarly performing Hwasong 10 which has been shown unreliable during its test program 13 14 Hwasong 8 Edit Main article Hwasong 8 On the morning of 27 September 2021 a Hwasong 8 missile was launched in Ryongrim County Note 1 although it was reportedly fitted with a manoeuvrable reentry vehicle which would achieve hypersonic speed Ankit Panda a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace stated that the new missile looked like the booster of Hwasong 12 upon inspection of the sole image of the missile but more images would be needed to confirm it 15 This was one of the five most important weapons laid out in a five year plan in the 8th Congress of the Workers Party of Korea where the development of the missile was reported to have already been completed State media of North Korea described it as a weapon of great strategic significance 16 The missile apparently flew on a depressed trajectory reaching an apogee of 30 km and a range of 200 km 15 although it is likely that a part of the missile s path would have been untraceable with radar due to its ability to manoeuvre 17 The test reportedly confirmed its navigational control and stability as well as the guiding manoeuvrability and flight characteristics of the detached hypersonic gliding warhead However the missile allegedly failed to actually achieve hypersonic flight with South Korean intelligence determining it only reached Mach 2 5 3 whereas hypersonic weapons are considered to travel at a speed of at least Mach 5 1 7 km s 6 100 km h although actual data on the flight was not publicly released 15 The South Korea Joint Chiefs of Staff JCS assessed that the Hwasong 8 was at an early stage of development and would take a considerable period of time until it could be deployed in combat 18 19 North Korea also stated that the missile was launched through ampulization where the liquid fuel is sealed in the launch canister This allows the fuel to be stored for years and eliminates the need to conduct fueling before launch reducing preparation time needed before firing 20 although the JCS still claimed a significant amount of time was needed to deploy the missile 15 List of Hwasong 12 tests Edit Trajectory of Hwasong 12 North Korean missile launches over Japan Taepodong 1 Unha 2 Unha 3 Kwangmyŏngsŏng Unha 3 Hwasong 12 Hwasong 12 Attempt Date Location Pre launch announcement detection Outcome Additional notes1 4 April 2017 06 12 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 21 Sinpo None Failure Previously misreported as a SCUD variant 22 Missile traveled a range of 60 kilometers with an apogee of 189 kilometers and reportedly pinwheeled before flight was terminated 23 2 15 April 2017 05 51 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 24 Sinpo None Failure Previously misreported as a SCUD variant 22 Reported to have exploded within 4 5 seconds after launch 25 3 28 April 2017 05 33 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 26 Pukchang39 30 27 N 125 57 52 E 39 5076 N 125 9645 E 39 5076 125 9645 None Failure Missile reportedly flew 40 kilometers before exploding 27 4 14 May 2017 04 58 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 28 Kusong None Success Missile was fired on a lofted trajectory with apogee of 2 111 5 km landing 787 km away in the Sea of Korea 5 29 August 2017 05 28 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 29 30 Sunan None Success Missile was fired on a normal trajectory with apogee of 550 km flew over Hokkaido in total distance of 2 700 km landed in the Pacific Ocean 1 180 km east of the northern Japanese island 6 15 September 2017 06 27 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 31 32 Sunan None Success Missile was fired on a normal trajectory with apogee of 770 km flew over Hokkaido in total distance of 3 700 km landed in the Pacific Ocean 2 200 km east of Cape Erimo Hokkaido Longest trajectory by a North Korean missile as of launch date 7 30 January 2022 07 52 a m Pyongyang Standard Time Jagang None Success Missile was fired on a lofted trajectory with apogee of 2 000 km landing 800 km away in the Sea of Korea 8 04 October 2022 07 23 a m Pyongyang Standard Time 33 34 Jagang None Success Missile was launched reaching an apogee of 970 km and landing 4500 km away in the Pacific Ocean east of Japan Photos showed the missile with a different engine configuration and thrust vector control system differently shaped and possibly shorter nosecone or reentry vehicle and possibly slightly longer second stage so it is unknown if the test was of a new type IRBM or modified Hwasong 12 35 This version demonstrated the ability to deliver an almost 20 greater payload than previous Hwasong 12 missiles 36 Technical specifications Edit Estimated maximum range of some North Korean missiles 37 Current operators Edit North KoreaSee also EditR 27 Zyb Pukkuksong 1 JL 1 KN 08 Hwasong 10 Hwasong 14References Edit Kim Jong Un Guides Test fire of Ballistic Rocket Hwasong 12 Youtube courtesy of KCNA ChosunTV North Korea s long range missile HS 12 Diplomat Ankit Panda and Vipin Narang The North Korea s ICBM A New Missile and a New Era Retrieved 18 August 2017 North Korea s Hwasong 12 Missile Stepping Stone to an ICBM NTI www nti org Retrieved 18 August 2017 a b c Savelsberg Ralph 19 May 2017 A Quick Technical Analysis of the Hwasong 12 38 North U S Korea Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies Retrieved 24 May 2017 a b 김효정 15 May 2017 北 신형 중장거리미사일 발사 성공 김정은 美본토 타격권 종합 Retrieved 18 August 2017 North Korea probably couldn t nuke the US military in Guam even if it tried Business Insider Roh Minho 2017 06 09 목표 명중 北 발사 순항미사일은 KN 09 New Daily in Korean New Daily Retrieved 2021 12 12 Hwasong 12 Missile Threat Retrieved 18 August 2017 North Korea tested Hwasong 12 reuters com 31 gennaio 2022 Kim Jong Un Watches Ground Jet Test of Newly Developed High Thrust Engine NK Watch KCNA Retrieved 21 May 2017 North Korea s Hwasong 12 Missile Stepping Stone to an ICBM Nuclear Threat Initiative 20 July 2017 Schilling John 14 May 2017 North Korea s Latest Missile Test Advancing towards an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile ICBM While Avoiding US Military Action 38 North U S Korea Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies Retrieved 15 May 2017 Panda Ankit 15 May 2017 North Korea s New Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile the Hwasong 12 First Takeaways The Diplomat Retrieved 15 May 2017 a b c d Zwirko Colin 2021 09 28 North Korea tested new hypersonic missile state media NK News Retrieved 2021 09 28 Newstream KCNA Watch Retrieved 2021 09 28 North Korea launches short range missile toward East Sea Seoul says NK News NK News North Korea News 2021 09 27 Retrieved 2021 09 28 N Korea s hypersonic missile appears to be at early stage of development JCS Yonhap News Agency 29 September 2021 North Korea joins race for new hypersonic missile with latest test NBC News 29 September 2021 North Korea Claims Hypersonic Missile Test Intel Community Unsure Air Force Magazine 30 September 2021 U S Pacific Command detects tracks North Korean missile launch US Forces Korea Retrieved 3 June 2017 a b Tomlinson Lucas NoKo failed missile is KN 17 new type of Scud US officials tell Fox Fox News Fox Retrieved 3 June 2017 Wright David 5 April 2017 North Korea s April 5 Missile Launch All Things Nuclear Union of Concerned Scientists Retrieved 3 June 2017 U S Pacific Command detects North Korean missile launch US Forces Korea Retrieved 3 June 2017 Schabnder Dean North Korea s attempted missile launch fails US officials say ABC Retrieved 3 June 2017 U S Pacific Command detects North Korean missile launch US Forces Korea Retrieved 3 June 2017 Tomlinson Lucas 28 April 2017 North Korea test fires a ballistic missile that breaks up in flight US officials say Fox News Fox Retrieved 3 June 2017 U S Pacific Command detects tracks North Korean missile launch US Forces Korea Retrieved 3 June 2017 Nordkoreas Diktator hat sich fur eine erneute Provokation entschieden Die USA reagieren scharf Alle Optionen sind auf dem Tisch in German Abendblatt 29 August 2017 Retrieved 29 August 2017 Trump and Abe vow to increase pressure after North Korea fires missile over Japan The Gurdian 29 August 2017 PACOM detects NK IRBM US Forces Korea Retrieved 14 September 2017 Nordkorea feuert erneut Rakete uber Japan hinweg Abendblatt Retrieved 15 September 2017 Yoonjung Seo 3 October 2022 Japan issues rare alert as North Korea fires missile without warning over main island CNN Retrieved 4 October 2022 Kuhn Anthony North Korea fires a ballistic missile over Japan NPR org Retrieved 4 October 2022 A Strong Military Warning Four Key Implications of North Korea s October 10 Missile Statement 38 North 14 October 2022 North Korea s missile launch over Japan shows increased payload distance exclusive analysis Breaking Defense 15 February 2023 How potent are North Korea s threats BBC News Online 15 September 2015 Initially reported as Chonchon CountyExternal links EditCSIS Missile Threat Hwasong 12 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hwasong 12 amp oldid 1140361391, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
