The hierarchy of noble titles in Poland was relatively uncommon throughout most of its history. Polish nobility szlachta enjoyed the principle of political equality of all its members.[1] For this reason the idea of introducing the noble / aristocratic titles was strongly opposed, with a number of exceptions.[2]
The title książę was used to translate foreign titles of prince or duke.
Polish magnates readily accepted the foreign aristocratic titles.
The title hrabia was matching to that of count. The title was adopted from Czech,[3] in which itself is a loanword from the Old German title grāve (cf. modern German Graf). Polish kings had a privilege to give a title of hrabia, but they did this mostly for foreign nationals, as well as for Lithuanian and Ruthenian aristocrats. Examples of the latter are Chodkiewicz and Tyszkiewicz family.
The monarchs of the House of Habsburg as Holy Roman Emperors gave out the tiles of counts and dukes Sacri Imperii Romani. In Poland this title was rendered as hrabia cesarstwa rzymskiego ("Count of the Roman Empire)
After the Partitions, the junior branch of Poninskis in Galicia (Eastern Europe) received the title of książę (Prinz) from Austria with coat of the arms Poniński Książę [pl], while the elder branch received the title of hrabia (Graf) from Prussia with the coat of the arms Poniński Hrabia [pl].
The 1921 March Constitution of Poland abolished all titles. However the April Constitution of Poland abolished the March one, hence formally the legality of titles was restored. The interim Small Constitution of 1947 partially reverted to the March one, abolishing the titles again. The subsequent constitutions, both of Communist Poland and the modern one, say nothing of the titles. Therefore legally they remain abolished. However eurodeputyRóża Thun styles herself as Róża Maria Barbara Gräfin von Thun und Hohenstein in official documents ("Gräfin" is German for "countess").[4]
According to the Polish Nobility Association, there are quite a few "fraternities" and other organizations which endow their members with noble titles, preying on the ignorant, vain and ambitious.[5]
^Davies, Ivor Norman Richard; Dawson, Andrew Hutchinson; Jasiewicz, Krzysztof [in Polish]; Kondracki, Jerzy Aleksander [in Polish]; Wandycz, Piotr Stefan (2 June 2017). "Poland". Encyclopædia Britannica. p. 15. Retrieved 24 April 2021. Ranging from the poorest landless yeomen to the great magnates, the szlachta insisted on the equality of all its members. As a political nation it was more numerous (8–10 percent) than the electorate of most European states even in the early 19th century.
^Andrzej Jezierski, Cecylia Leszczyńska, Historia gospodarcza Polski, 2010, p. 73
^Basaj, Mieczysław; Siatkowski, Janusz (1967). "Przegląd wyrazów uważanych w literaturze naukowej za bohemizmy" [Review of Words Considered to be Bohemisms in the Scientific Literature]. Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej (in Polish). 6: 7–24. ISSN 2392-2435.
^"Czy używanie tytułów arystokratycznych jest w Polsce legalne? I co na to Unia?", salon24.pl, August 15, 2017
^"Fałszywe genealogie herbowe i bezwartościowe tytuły arystokratyczne są coraz bardziej pożądane"
August 22, 2023
noble, titles, poland, hierarchy, noble, titles, poland, relatively, uncommon, throughout, most, history, polish, nobility, szlachta, enjoyed, principle, political, equality, members, this, reason, idea, introducing, noble, aristocratic, titles, strongly, oppo. The hierarchy of noble titles in Poland was relatively uncommon throughout most of its history Polish nobility szlachta enjoyed the principle of political equality of all its members 1 For this reason the idea of introducing the noble aristocratic titles was strongly opposed with a number of exceptions 2 Attire of Polish magnates 1697 1795 Contents 1 Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth 2 Modern Poland 3 See also 4 ReferencesPolish Lithuanian Commonwealth EditAfter Polish Lithuanian unions aristocratic titles of the Lithuanian nobility and Ruthenian nobility Polish kniaz Ruthenian knyaz Lithuanian kunigaikstis were preserved The title ksiaze was used to translate foreign titles of prince or duke Polish magnates readily accepted the foreign aristocratic titles The title hrabia was matching to that of count The title was adopted from Czech 3 in which itself is a loanword from the Old German title grave cf modern German Graf Polish kings had a privilege to give a title of hrabia but they did this mostly for foreign nationals as well as for Lithuanian and Ruthenian aristocrats Examples of the latter are Chodkiewicz and Tyszkiewicz family The monarchs of the House of Habsburg as Holy Roman Emperors gave out the tiles of counts and dukes Sacri Imperii Romani In Poland this title was rendered as hrabia cesarstwa rzymskiego Count of the Roman Empire Just before the fall of the Commonwealth Polish sejm against traditions started giving out the aristocratic titles e g to Poniatowskis 1764 and a line of Poninskis 1773 for Adam Karol ksiaze Poninski Marshal of the Sejm After the Partitions the junior branch of Poninskis in Galicia Eastern Europe received the title of ksiaze Prinz from Austria with coat of the arms Poninski Ksiaze pl while the elder branch received the title of hrabia Graf from Prussia with the coat of the arms Poninski Hrabia pl Polish Lithuanian Tatars used the title mirza They were also given Polish style titles of ksiaze or hrabia Modern Poland EditThe 1921 March Constitution of Poland abolished all titles However the April Constitution of Poland abolished the March one hence formally the legality of titles was restored The interim Small Constitution of 1947 partially reverted to the March one abolishing the titles again The subsequent constitutions both of Communist Poland and the modern one say nothing of the titles Therefore legally they remain abolished However eurodeputy Roza Thun styles herself as Roza Maria Barbara Grafin von Thun und Hohenstein in official documents Grafin is German for countess 4 According to the Polish Nobility Association there are quite a few fraternities and other organizations which endow their members with noble titles preying on the ignorant vain and ambitious 5 See also EditList of Polish titled nobility Princely houses of Poland and Lithuania List of Polish noble families with the title of Count List of Polish noble families with the title of Marquess List of Polish noble families with the title of Baron Polish princely familiesReferences Edit Davies Ivor Norman Richard Dawson Andrew Hutchinson Jasiewicz Krzysztof in Polish Kondracki Jerzy Aleksander in Polish Wandycz Piotr Stefan 2 June 2017 Poland Encyclopaedia Britannica p 15 Retrieved 24 April 2021 Ranging from the poorest landless yeomen to the great magnates the szlachta insisted on the equality of all its members As a political nation it was more numerous 8 10 percent than the electorate of most European states even in the early 19th century Andrzej Jezierski Cecylia Leszczynska Historia gospodarcza Polski 2010 p 73 Basaj Mieczyslaw Siatkowski Janusz 1967 Przeglad wyrazow uwazanych w literaturze naukowej za bohemizmy Review of Words Considered to be Bohemisms in the Scientific Literature Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Slowianskiej in Polish 6 7 24 ISSN 2392 2435 Czy uzywanie tytulow arystokratycznych jest w Polsce legalne I co na to Unia salon24 pl August 15 2017 Falszywe genealogie herbowe i bezwartosciowe tytuly arystokratyczne sa coraz bardziej pozadane Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Noble titles in Poland amp oldid 1145233870, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
