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Howard Gardner

April 12, 2024

Howard Earl Gardner (born July 11, 1943) is an American developmental psychologist and the John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Research Professor of Cognition and Education at Harvard University. He was a founding member of Harvard Project Zero in 1967 and held leadership roles at that research center from 1972 to 2023. Since 1995, he has been the co-director of The Good Project.[1]

Howard Gardner
Gardner in 2013
Born
Howard Earl Gardner

(1943-07-11) July 11, 1943 (age 80)
Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S.
EducationHarvard University (BA, PhD)
London School of Economics
Known forTheory of multiple intelligences
SpouseEllen Winner
Scientific career
FieldsPsychology, education
InstitutionsHarvard University
Websitewww.howardgardner.com

Gardner has written hundreds of research articles[2] and over thirty books that have been translated into over thirty languages. He is best known for his theory of multiple intelligences, as outlined in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.[1]

Gardner retired from teaching in 2019.[3] In 2020, he published his intellectual memoir A Synthesizing Mind.[4] He continues his research and writing, including several blogs.

Early life edit

Howard Earl Gardner was born July 11, 1943, in Scranton, Pennsylvania, to Ralph Gardner and Hilde (née Weilheimer) Gardner, German Jewish immigrants who fled Germany just prior to World War II.[5]

Gardner described himself as "a studious child who gained much pleasure from playing the piano".[6] Although Gardner never became a professional pianist, he taught piano intermittently from 1958 to 1969.[2]

Education was of the utmost importance in the Gardner home. While his parents had hoped that he would attend Phillips Academy in Andover Massachusetts, Gardner opted to attend a school closer to his hometown in Pennsylvania, Wyoming Seminary. Gardner had a desire to learn and greatly excelled in school.[7]

Career edit

 
Gardner in his earlier years

Gardner graduated from Harvard College with highest honors in 1965 with a BA in Social Relations, and studied under the renowned Erik Erikson. After spending one year at the London School of Economics, he went on to obtain his PhD in developmental psychology at Harvard while working with psychologists Roger Brown and Jerome Bruner, and philosopher Nelson Goodman.[5]

For his postdoctoral fellowship, Gardner worked alongside neurologist Norman Geschwind at Boston Veterans Administration Hospital and continued his work there for another 20 years.[2] In 1986, Gardner became a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Since 1995, much of the focus of his work has been on The GoodWork Project, now part of a larger initiative known as The Good Project that encourages excellence, ethics, and engagement in work, digital life, and civic society.

In 2000, Gardner, Kurt Fischer, and their colleagues at the Harvard Graduate School of Education established the master's degree program in Mind, Brain, and Education. This program was thought to be the first of its kind around the world. Many universities in both the United States and abroad have since developed similar programs. Since then, Gardner has published books on a number of topics including Changing Minds: The Art and Science of Changing Our Own and Other People's Minds, Five Minds for the Future, Truth, Beauty and Goodness Reframed, and The App Generation (written with Katie Davis).[5]

Since 2012, Gardner has been co-directing a major study of higher education in the United States with Wendy Fischman and several other colleagues.[8] Information about the study, including several dozen blogs, is available on Gardner's website.[8] In March 2022, MIT Press published Wendy Fischman and Howard Gardner's book The Real World of College: What Higher Education Is and What It Can Be.[9]

At the start of 2024, Gardner was the most cited Educational Scholar in the United States, according to the Edu-Scholar Public Influence Ratings.[10]

In 2024, Teachers College Press will publish two collections of Gardner’s papers: The Essential Howard Gardner on Education and The Essential Howard Gardner on Mind.[11]

Theory and criticism edit

According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, humans have several different ways of processing information, and these ways are relatively independent of one another. The theory is a critique of the standard intelligence theory, which emphasizes the correlation among abilities, as well as traditional measures like IQ tests that typically only account for linguistic, logical, and spatial abilities. Since 1999, Gardner has identified eight intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.[12] Gardner and colleagues have also considered two additional intelligences, existential and pedagogical.[13][14] Many teachers, school administrators, and special educators have been inspired by Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.[15]

Gardner's definition of intelligence has been met with some criticism in education circles[16] as well as in the field of psychology. Perhaps the strongest and most enduring critique of his theory of multiple intelligences centers on its lack of empirical evidence, much of which points to a single construct of intelligence called "g".[17] Gardner has responded that his theory is based entirely on empirical evidence as opposed to experimental evidence, as he does not believe experimental evidence in itself can yield a theoretical synthesis.[18][19]

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences can be seen as both a departure from and a continuation of the 20th century's work on the subject of human intelligence. Other prominent psychologists whose contributions variously developed or expanded the field of study include Charles Spearman, Louis Thurstone, Edward Thorndike, and Robert Sternberg.

In 1967, Professor Nelson Goodman started an educational program called Project Zero at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, which began with a focus in arts education and now spans a wide variety of educational arenas.[20] Howard Gardner and David Perkins were founding Research Assistants and later Co-Directed Project Zero from 1972 to 2000. Project Zero's mission is to understand and enhance learning, thinking, and creativity in the arts, as well as a broad range of humanistic and scientific disciplines at the individual and institutional levels.[21]

 
Good Project founders: William Damon, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, and Gardner

For over two decades, in collaboration with William Damon, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, and several other colleagues, Gardner has been directing research at The Good Project on the nature of good work, good play, and good collaboration. The goal of his research is to determine what it means to achieve work that is at once excellent, engaging, and carried out in an ethical way. With colleagues Lynn Barendsen, Courtney Bither, Shelby Clark, Wendy Fischman, Carrie James, Kirsten McHugh, and Danny Mucinskas, Gardner has developed curricular toolkits on these topics for use in educational and professional circles.[22]

Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences posits that individuals possess varied forms of intelligence.[23] Initially introduced in 1983 in his renowned book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Gardner, a developmental psychologist, challenged the limitations of traditional psychometric intelligence assessments. He proposed the existence of eight intelligences, with potential for additional categories such as "existentialist intelligence."

Achievements and awards edit

In 1981 Gardner was the recipient of a MacArthur Prize Fellowship. In 1990 he became the first American to receive the University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Education.[24] In 1985, The National Psychology Awards for Excellence in the Media, awarded Gardner The Book Award for Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.[25] In 1987, he received the William James Award from the American Psychological Association.[26] SUNY Plattsburgh inducted Gardner selected Gardner for honoris causa membership in Omicron Delta Kappa in 1998. In 1999, Gardner received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[27] In 2000 he received a fellowship from the John S. Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Four years later he was named an Honorary Professor at East China Normal University in Shanghai. In the years 2005 and 2008 he was selected by Foreign Policy and Prospect magazines as one of the top 100 most influential public intellectuals in the world.[28] In 2011, he won the Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences for his development of multiple intelligences theory.[28] In 2015, he received the Brock International Prize in Education.[29] In 2020, Gardner received the Distinguished Contributions to Research in Education Award from the American Education Research Association.[30]

He has received honorary degrees from 31 colleges and universities around the world, including institutions in Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Greece, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, South Korea, and Spain.[31] He is also a member of several honorary societies: American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Philosophical Society,[32] National Academy of Education, and the American Academy of Political and Social Science.

Personal life edit

Howard Gardner is married to Ellen Winner, Professor Emerita of Psychology at Boston College. They have one child, Benjamin. Gardner has three children from an earlier marriage: Kerith (1969), Jay (1971), and Andrew (1976); and five grandchildren: Oscar (2005), Agnes (2011), Olivia (2015), Faye Marguerite (2016), and August Pierre (2019).[6]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Gordon, Lynn Melby. "Gardner, Howard (1943–)." Encyclopedia of Human Development. Ed. Neil J. Salkind. Vol. 2. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference, 2006. 552-553. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. October 27, 2014.
  2. ^ a b c Doorey, Marie (2001). "Gardner, Howard Earl". In Bonnie R. Strickland (ed.). The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology (2nd ed.). Detroit, MI: Gale Group. pp. 272–273, 699. ISBN 978-0-7876-4786-5. Retrieved December 7, 2014. a part of the Gale Virtual Reference Library.
  3. ^ "A Tribute to Howard Gardner". May 21, 2019.
  4. ^ "A Synthesizing Mind". A Synthesizing Mind. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
  5. ^ a b c "About". Howard Gardner. 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
  6. ^ a b "Howard Gardner Project Zero Biography". Pz.harvard.edu. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
  7. ^ Webber, Jacob. "Gardner, Howard." Encyclopedia of the History of Psychological Theories. Ed. Robert W. Rieber. Vol. 1. New York: Springer, 2012. 464-465. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. December 10, 2014.
  8. ^ a b "Higher Education in the 21st Century". Howard Gardner. 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
  9. ^ "Higher Education in the 21st Century". Howard Gardner. 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
  10. ^ Hess, Frederick (January 4, 2024). "The 2024 Edu-Scholar Public Influence Rankings". Education Next.
  11. ^ "Howard Gardner | Teachers College Press". www.tcpress.com. Retrieved 2024-01-26.
  12. ^ "Understanding Multiple Intelligences Theory". Retrieved August 7, 2016.
  13. ^ "The Theory of Multiple Intelligences: As Psychology, As Education, As Social Science Howard Gardner" (PDF). Howardgardner01.files.wordpress.com. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  14. ^ "Home - Mi Oasis". Mi Oasis. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  15. ^ Gordon, Lynn Melby. "Gardner, Howard (1943–)." Encyclopedia of Human Development. Ed. Neil J. Salkind. Vol. 2. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference, 2006. 552-553. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. December 8, 2014.
  16. ^ "Reframing the Mind". 30 June 2006.
  17. ^ Klein, Perry D (1998). "A Response to Howard Gardner: Falsifiability, Empirical Evidence, and Pedagogical Usefulness in Educational Psychologies". Canadian Journal of Education. 23 (1): 103–112. doi:10.2307/1585969. JSTOR 1585969.
  18. ^ Gardner, Howard (2006). "On failing to grasp the core of MI theory: A response to Visser et al". Intelligence. 34 (5): 503–505. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2006.04.002.
  19. ^ Gardner, Howard; Moran, Seana (2006). "The science of multiple intelligences theory: A response to Lynn Waterhouse". Educational Psychologist. 41 (4): 227–232. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4104_2. S2CID 15751192.
  20. ^ . Pz.harvard.edu. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  21. ^ . Pzweb.harvard.edu. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  22. ^ Mucinskas, Daniel; Gardner, Howard (2013). "Educating for Good Work: From Research to Practice". British Journal of Educational Studies. 61 (4): 453–470. doi:10.1080/00071005.2013.829210. S2CID 144937894.
  23. ^ "Multiple Intelligences - Howard Gardner". Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  24. ^ . Grawemeyer.org. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  25. ^ "National psychology awards for excellence in the media". Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  26. ^ "Howard Gardner, 2011 Prince of Asturias Award for Social Sciences - The Prince of Asturias Foundation". Fpa.es. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
  27. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  28. ^ a b "Howard Gardner, 2011 Prince of Asturias Award for Social Sciences - The Prince of Asturias Foundation". Fpa.es. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
  29. ^ . BrockPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 17, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  30. ^ "AERA Announces 2020 Award Winners in Education Research". aera.net. Retrieved 2020-08-05.
  31. ^ . Pz.harvard.edu. Archived from the original on August 15, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
  32. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.

Further reading edit

  • Kincheloe, Joe L., ed. (2004). Multiple Intelligences Reconsidered. Counterpoints v. 278. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN 978-0-8204-7098-6. ISSN 1058-1634.
  • Howard Gardner (2006). Schaler, Jeffrey A. (ed.). "A Blessing of Influences" in Howard Gardner Under Fire. Illinois: Open Court. ISBN 978-0-8126-9604-2.
  • Howard Gardner (1989). To Open Minds: Chinese Clues to the Dilemma of American Education. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-08629-0.
  • Howard Gardner; Vea Vecchi; Carla Rinaldi; Paola Cagliari (2011). Making learning visible. Italy: Reggio Children. ISBN 978-88-87960-67-9.
  • M. Kornhaber (2001). Palmer, Joy (ed.). "Howard Gardner" in Fifty Modern Thinkers in Education. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415224086.
  • Tom Butler-Bowdon (2007). "Howard Gardner, Frames of Mind" in 50 Psychology Classics. London & Boston: Nicholas Brealey. ISBN 978-1-85788-386-2.
  • Gordon, L. M. (2006). Howard Gardner. "The encyclopedia of human development." Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2, 552–553.
  • Gardner, Howard (2011). Truth, beauty, and goodness reframed: Educating for the virtues in the 21st century. New York: Basic Books.
  • Gardner, H.; Davis, K. (2013). The App Generation: How Today's Youth Navigate Identity, Intimacy, and Imagination in a Digital World. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300196214.
  • Schneider, Jack (2014). From the Ivory Tower to the Schoolhouse: How Scholarship Becomes Common Knowledge in Education. Harvard Education Press. ISBN 978-1612506692.
  • Gardner, Howard (2014). Mind, Work, and Life: A Festschrift on the Occasion of Howard Gardner's 70th Birthday (PDF). Create Space. ISBN 978-1499381702.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Howard Gardner.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Howard Gardner.
  • The Good Project
  • The Official Howard Gardner Website
  • The Official Website of Multiple Intelligences Theory
  • Howard Gardner Twitter
  • Project Zero
  • Faculty Profile — Harvard Graduate School of Education website
  • Appearances on C-SPAN

April 12, 2024
howard, gardner, howard, earl, gardner, born, july, 1943, american, developmental, psychologist, john, elisabeth, hobbs, research, professor, cognition, education, harvard, university, founding, member, harvard, project, zero, 1967, held, leadership, roles, th. Howard Earl Gardner born July 11 1943 is an American developmental psychologist and the John H and Elisabeth A Hobbs Research Professor of Cognition and Education at Harvard University He was a founding member of Harvard Project Zero in 1967 and held leadership roles at that research center from 1972 to 2023 Since 1995 he has been the co director of The Good Project 1 Howard GardnerGardner in 2013BornHoward Earl Gardner 1943 07 11 July 11 1943 age 80 Scranton Pennsylvania U S EducationHarvard University BA PhD London School of EconomicsKnown forTheory of multiple intelligencesSpouseEllen WinnerScientific careerFieldsPsychology educationInstitutionsHarvard UniversityWebsitewww wbr howardgardner wbr comGardner has written hundreds of research articles 2 and over thirty books that have been translated into over thirty languages He is best known for his theory of multiple intelligences as outlined in his 1983 book Frames of Mind The Theory of Multiple Intelligences 1 Gardner retired from teaching in 2019 3 In 2020 he published his intellectual memoir A Synthesizing Mind 4 He continues his research and writing including several blogs Contents 1 Early life 1 1 Career 1 2 Theory and criticism 2 Achievements and awards 3 Personal life 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksEarly life editHoward Earl Gardner was born July 11 1943 in Scranton Pennsylvania to Ralph Gardner and Hilde nee Weilheimer Gardner German Jewish immigrants who fled Germany just prior to World War II 5 Gardner described himself as a studious child who gained much pleasure from playing the piano 6 Although Gardner never became a professional pianist he taught piano intermittently from 1958 to 1969 2 Education was of the utmost importance in the Gardner home While his parents had hoped that he would attend Phillips Academy in Andover Massachusetts Gardner opted to attend a school closer to his hometown in Pennsylvania Wyoming Seminary Gardner had a desire to learn and greatly excelled in school 7 Career edit nbsp Gardner in his earlier yearsGardner graduated from Harvard College with highest honors in 1965 with a BA in Social Relations and studied under the renowned Erik Erikson After spending one year at the London School of Economics he went on to obtain his PhD in developmental psychology at Harvard while working with psychologists Roger Brown and Jerome Bruner and philosopher Nelson Goodman 5 For his postdoctoral fellowship Gardner worked alongside neurologist Norman Geschwind at Boston Veterans Administration Hospital and continued his work there for another 20 years 2 In 1986 Gardner became a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education Since 1995 much of the focus of his work has been on The GoodWork Project now part of a larger initiative known as The Good Project that encourages excellence ethics and engagement in work digital life and civic society In 2000 Gardner Kurt Fischer and their colleagues at the Harvard Graduate School of Education established the master s degree program in Mind Brain and Education This program was thought to be the first of its kind around the world Many universities in both the United States and abroad have since developed similar programs Since then Gardner has published books on a number of topics including Changing Minds The Art and Science of Changing Our Own and Other People s Minds Five Minds for the Future Truth Beauty and Goodness Reframed and The App Generation written with Katie Davis 5 Since 2012 Gardner has been co directing a major study of higher education in the United States with Wendy Fischman and several other colleagues 8 Information about the study including several dozen blogs is available on Gardner s website 8 In March 2022 MIT Press published Wendy Fischman and Howard Gardner s book The Real World of College What Higher Education Is and What It Can Be 9 At the start of 2024 Gardner was the most cited Educational Scholar in the United States according to the Edu Scholar Public Influence Ratings 10 In 2024 Teachers College Press will publish two collections of Gardner s papers The Essential Howard Gardner on Education and The Essential Howard Gardner on Mind 11 Theory and criticism edit According to Gardner s theory of multiple intelligences humans have several different ways of processing information and these ways are relatively independent of one another The theory is a critique of the standard intelligence theory which emphasizes the correlation among abilities as well as traditional measures like IQ tests that typically only account for linguistic logical and spatial abilities Since 1999 Gardner has identified eight intelligences linguistic logical mathematical musical spatial bodily kinesthetic interpersonal intrapersonal and naturalistic 12 Gardner and colleagues have also considered two additional intelligences existential and pedagogical 13 14 Many teachers school administrators and special educators have been inspired by Gardner s theory of multiple intelligences 15 Gardner s definition of intelligence has been met with some criticism in education circles 16 as well as in the field of psychology Perhaps the strongest and most enduring critique of his theory of multiple intelligences centers on its lack of empirical evidence much of which points to a single construct of intelligence called g 17 Gardner has responded that his theory is based entirely on empirical evidence as opposed to experimental evidence as he does not believe experimental evidence in itself can yield a theoretical synthesis 18 19 Gardner s theory of multiple intelligences can be seen as both a departure from and a continuation of the 20th century s work on the subject of human intelligence Other prominent psychologists whose contributions variously developed or expanded the field of study include Charles Spearman Louis Thurstone Edward Thorndike and Robert Sternberg In 1967 Professor Nelson Goodman started an educational program called Project Zero at the Harvard Graduate School of Education which began with a focus in arts education and now spans a wide variety of educational arenas 20 Howard Gardner and David Perkins were founding Research Assistants and later Co Directed Project Zero from 1972 to 2000 Project Zero s mission is to understand and enhance learning thinking and creativity in the arts as well as a broad range of humanistic and scientific disciplines at the individual and institutional levels 21 nbsp Good Project founders William Damon Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and GardnerFor over two decades in collaboration with William Damon Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and several other colleagues Gardner has been directing research at The Good Project on the nature of good work good play and good collaboration The goal of his research is to determine what it means to achieve work that is at once excellent engaging and carried out in an ethical way With colleagues Lynn Barendsen Courtney Bither Shelby Clark Wendy Fischman Carrie James Kirsten McHugh and Danny Mucinskas Gardner has developed curricular toolkits on these topics for use in educational and professional circles 22 Howard Gardner s theory of Multiple Intelligences posits that individuals possess varied forms of intelligence 23 Initially introduced in 1983 in his renowned book Frames of Mind The Theory of Multiple Intelligences Gardner a developmental psychologist challenged the limitations of traditional psychometric intelligence assessments He proposed the existence of eight intelligences with potential for additional categories such as existentialist intelligence Achievements and awards editIn 1981 Gardner was the recipient of a MacArthur Prize Fellowship In 1990 he became the first American to receive the University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Education 24 In 1985 The National Psychology Awards for Excellence in the Media awarded Gardner The Book Award for Frames of Mind The Theory of Multiple Intelligences 25 In 1987 he received the William James Award from the American Psychological Association 26 SUNY Plattsburgh inducted Gardner selected Gardner for honoris causa membership in Omicron Delta Kappa in 1998 In 1999 Gardner received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement 27 In 2000 he received a fellowship from the John S Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Four years later he was named an Honorary Professor at East China Normal University in Shanghai In the years 2005 and 2008 he was selected by Foreign Policy and Prospect magazines as one of the top 100 most influential public intellectuals in the world 28 In 2011 he won the Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences for his development of multiple intelligences theory 28 In 2015 he received the Brock International Prize in Education 29 In 2020 Gardner received the Distinguished Contributions to Research in Education Award from the American Education Research Association 30 He has received honorary degrees from 31 colleges and universities around the world including institutions in Bulgaria Canada Chile Greece Hong Kong Ireland Israel Italy South Korea and Spain 31 He is also a member of several honorary societies American Academy of Arts and Sciences American Philosophical Society 32 National Academy of Education and the American Academy of Political and Social Science Personal life editHoward Gardner is married to Ellen Winner Professor Emerita of Psychology at Boston College They have one child Benjamin Gardner has three children from an earlier marriage Kerith 1969 Jay 1971 and Andrew 1976 and five grandchildren Oscar 2005 Agnes 2011 Olivia 2015 Faye Marguerite 2016 and August Pierre 2019 6 References edit a b Gordon Lynn Melby Gardner Howard 1943 Encyclopedia of Human Development Ed Neil J Salkind Vol 2 Thousand Oaks CA SAGE Reference 2006 552 553 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web October 27 2014 a b c Doorey Marie 2001 Gardner Howard Earl In Bonnie R Strickland ed The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology 2nd ed Detroit MI Gale Group pp 272 273 699 ISBN 978 0 7876 4786 5 Retrieved December 7 2014 a part of the Gale Virtual Reference Library A Tribute to Howard Gardner May 21 2019 A Synthesizing Mind A Synthesizing Mind Retrieved 2021 01 04 a b c About Howard Gardner 2012 06 28 Retrieved 2021 01 15 a b Howard Gardner Project Zero Biography Pz harvard edu Retrieved August 23 2016 Webber Jacob Gardner Howard Encyclopedia of the History of Psychological Theories Ed Robert W Rieber Vol 1 New York Springer 2012 464 465 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web December 10 2014 a b Higher Education in the 21st Century Howard Gardner 2020 02 06 Retrieved 2021 01 15 Higher Education in the 21st Century Howard Gardner 2020 02 06 Retrieved 2021 01 15 Hess Frederick January 4 2024 The 2024 Edu Scholar Public Influence Rankings Education Next Howard Gardner Teachers College Press www tcpress com Retrieved 2024 01 26 Understanding Multiple Intelligences Theory Retrieved August 7 2016 The Theory of Multiple Intelligences As Psychology As Education As Social Science Howard Gardner PDF Howardgardner01 files wordpress com Retrieved October 11 2014 Home Mi Oasis Mi Oasis Retrieved October 11 2014 Gordon Lynn Melby Gardner Howard 1943 Encyclopedia of Human Development Ed Neil J Salkind Vol 2 Thousand Oaks CA SAGE Reference 2006 552 553 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web December 8 2014 Reframing the Mind 30 June 2006 Klein Perry D 1998 A Response to Howard Gardner Falsifiability Empirical Evidence and Pedagogical Usefulness in Educational Psychologies Canadian Journal of Education 23 1 103 112 doi 10 2307 1585969 JSTOR 1585969 Gardner Howard 2006 On failing to grasp the core of MI theory A response to Visser et al Intelligence 34 5 503 505 doi 10 1016 j intell 2006 04 002 Gardner Howard Moran Seana 2006 The science of multiple intelligences theory A response to Lynn Waterhouse Educational Psychologist 41 4 227 232 doi 10 1207 s15326985ep4104 2 S2CID 15751192 Project Zero History Pz harvard edu Archived from the original on October 14 2014 Retrieved October 11 2014 Harvard Project Zero Pzweb harvard edu Archived from the original on October 14 2014 Retrieved October 11 2014 Mucinskas Daniel Gardner Howard 2013 Educating for Good Work From Research to Practice British Journal of Educational Studies 61 4 453 470 doi 10 1080 00071005 2013 829210 S2CID 144937894 Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner Retrieved 28 March 2024 1990 Howard Gardner Grawemeyer org Archived from the original on October 14 2014 Retrieved October 11 2014 National psychology awards for excellence in the media Retrieved October 12 2014 Howard Gardner 2011 Prince of Asturias Award for Social Sciences The Prince of Asturias Foundation Fpa es Retrieved February 10 2014 Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement achievement org American Academy of Achievement a b Howard Gardner 2011 Prince of Asturias Award for Social Sciences The Prince of Asturias Foundation Fpa es Retrieved August 13 2012 Brock International Prize in Education Laureates BrockPrize org Archived from the original on October 17 2016 Retrieved July 19 2017 AERA Announces 2020 Award Winners in Education Research aera net Retrieved 2020 08 05 Howard Gardner Pz harvard edu Archived from the original on August 15 2012 Retrieved August 13 2012 APS Member History search amphilsoc org Retrieved 2021 05 24 Further reading editKincheloe Joe L ed 2004 Multiple Intelligences Reconsidered Counterpoints v 278 New York Peter Lang ISBN 978 0 8204 7098 6 ISSN 1058 1634 Howard Gardner 2006 Schaler Jeffrey A ed A Blessing of Influences in Howard Gardner Under Fire Illinois Open Court ISBN 978 0 8126 9604 2 Howard Gardner 1989 To Open Minds Chinese Clues to the Dilemma of American Education New York Basic Books ISBN 978 0 465 08629 0 Howard Gardner Vea Vecchi Carla Rinaldi Paola Cagliari 2011 Making learning visible Italy Reggio Children ISBN 978 88 87960 67 9 M Kornhaber 2001 Palmer Joy ed Howard Gardner in Fifty Modern Thinkers in Education New York Routledge ISBN 978 0415224086 Tom Butler Bowdon 2007 Howard Gardner Frames of Mind in 50 Psychology Classics London amp Boston Nicholas Brealey ISBN 978 1 85788 386 2 Gordon L M 2006 Howard Gardner The encyclopedia of human development Thousand Oaks Sage Publications 2 552 553 Gardner Howard 2011 Truth beauty and goodness reframed Educating for the virtues in the 21st century New York Basic Books Gardner H Davis K 2013 The App Generation How Today s Youth Navigate Identity Intimacy and Imagination in a Digital World Yale University Press ISBN 9780300196214 Schneider Jack 2014 From the Ivory Tower to the Schoolhouse How Scholarship Becomes Common Knowledge in Education Harvard Education Press ISBN 978 1612506692 Gardner Howard 2014 Mind Work and Life A Festschrift on the Occasion of Howard Gardner s 70th Birthday PDF Create Space ISBN 978 1499381702 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Howard Gardner nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Howard Gardner The Good Project The Official Howard Gardner Website The Official Website of Multiple Intelligences Theory Howard Gardner Twitter Project Zero Faculty Profile Harvard Graduate School of Education website Appearances on C SPAN nbsp Biography portal nbsp Psychology portal nbsp Education portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Howard Gardner amp oldid 1216149711, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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