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Horween Leather Company

December 15, 2023

Horween Leather Company is an American company specializing in the manufacturing and refining of leather and related products. It is one of the oldest continuously running tanneries in the United States of America. Since its founding in the early 20th century it has been located in Chicago.[2][3][4][5][6]

Horween Leather Company
TypePrivate
IndustryLeather tannery
FoundedChicago, Illinois (1905; 118 years ago (1905))
FounderIsadore Horween
Headquarters
2015 North Elston Avenue, Chicago, Illinois
,
United States
Revenue$25 million (2012)[1][2]
Number of employees
160 (2012)[2]
Websitewww.horween.com

Isadore Horween founded the company in 1905, and worked in it until 1949. His two sons, Arnold Horween (Chairman and President; 1949–84) and Ralph Horween, became executives of the company and worked in it after their careers as All American football players for the Harvard Crimson, and playing in the National Football League.

Arnold's son Arnold Horween Jr. worked with it from 1953–2003, and his son Arnold "Skip" Horween III has worked with it since 1972. The fifth generation of Horweens, Nicholas (Nick) Arnold Horween, has worked at the company since 2009.

Horween Leather Company offers an array of tannages using primarily cowhide and horsehide, and also using smaller quantities of calf and bison hides. Its leather is used in a number of products including sports equipment, sports and casual footwear, bags, wallets, briefcases, belts, coats, jackets, and other apparel and accessories.[7] It is known for its production of Shell Cordovan (the Chicago Tribune called it the "Cordovan capital of the world"), professional football leather, and Chromexcel, among other leathers.[4][8] It is the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs, and also supplies the leather that is used for National Basketball Association basketballs.

Horween Leather Company is located in a five-story block-long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue, at Ashland Avenue near the Chicago River).

History edit

1905–48 edit

 
Rose Horween, Ralph Horween, Arnold Horween, and Isidore Horween

Isadore Horween (whose surname was originally Horwitz or Horowitz),[9][10][11][12] who had learned the leather business in his native Ukraine, lived just outside Kiev, immigrated to the United States in 1893. He obtained his first job at a tannery in the U.S. through a contact he made at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago.[13] For 12 years he worked in one of the then-two-dozen tanneries in Chicago.[2][14]

He founded I. Horween and Co. in 1905, and established it on Division Street in Chicago.[1][14][8][15] At the time, Chicago was a major center of the meatpacking industry and a major rail hub.[14][16] The tanneries were built close to the source of raw materials. In 1911, Isadore Horween developed and produced Aniline Chromexcel, one of the company's most traditional tannages.[16]

The company's original focus was the production of razor strops, to sharpen razors used in shaving.[14] With the advent of the safety razor in 1912, however, the need for razor strops waned, and the company shifted its focus to other products.[14]

In 1920, the company moved to its current location in a five-story block-long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue (at Ashland Avenue), on the Chicago River, in Chicago's Bucktown, on the north side of the city.[17][18] Isadore Horween had obtained the site, which remains the company's current location, by purchasing it from Herman Loescher and Sons tannery.[16] The company's name was eventually changed to Horween Leather Company.[16][19]

 
Ralph Horween; he was the company's secretary and treasurer, in between his stints playing football at Harvard and in the NFL alongside his brother Arnold Horween

In 1921, the company's secretary and treasurer was Isadore's son Ralph Horween, during Ralph's career as a football player for the Harvard Crimson and before his career as a player and coach in the National Football League. In 1945, he was still secretary of the company.[19][20]

In 1927, Horween Leather Company sold the tannery on Division Street, and consolidated its operations at North Elston Avenue.[16] In 1930, it developed mechanical leather, a very durable heavyweight leather for use in oil seals, gaskets, and engine seals.[16] In 1936, the company had 336 workers.[21]

In 1938, Horween Leather Company became the official leather supplier for U.S. Marine Corps water-resistant footwear during World War II. It supplied Chromoexcel, which was used exclusively in the North African Campaign.[7][16] In 1941, it added a large addition to the tannery.[16]

1949–84 edit

Isadore's son Arnold Horween eventually took over the company business, after his career as a football player at Harvard alongside his brother Ralph, and then again with his brother as player-coaches in the National Football League, and finally as Harvard's head football coach. He ran the company as Chairman and President, from 1949–84.[15][19][22]

In 1960, the company developed and offered football leather as it is made and sold today.[16] In 1978 there were 250 tanneries in the U.S., but by 2005 the number had dropped to approximately 20.[23]

1985–present edit

In 1985, Arnold, Jr., Isadore's grandson, succeeded his father as Horween Leather Company's chief executive.[7] In 1990, the company developed and offered waterproof lines of leathers.[16]

Arnold, Jr.'s son Arnold "Skip" Horween III, Isadore's great-grandson, joined as treasurer that year, and became vice president in 1995.[7] In 2001, Skip Horween took over running the company, and in 2002 he became president.[7][17] The company is now run by the fourth generation, with the fifth generation also in house.[1]

In 2003, the company began supplying leather for the Arena Football League.[7] In 2005, the company had sales of over $35 million.[7] In 2006, it became the only tannery in Chicago; at one time, the city had as many as 40.[3]

As of 2012, Horween Leather Company had 160 employees, and annual revenues of approximately $25 million.[2] In a typical week, it processes 4,000 cowhides and 1,000 horsehides into 120,000 square feet (11,000 m2) of leather.[2] As of 2013, Horween Leather Company was one of fewer than a dozen tanneries in the U.S., down from over 250 in 1978.[3][16]

The Horween family edit

The following reflects each generation of the Horween family that worked in the company:

  • Isadore Horween, 1905–49
  • Arnold Horween, 1922–84 (Chairman & President 1949–84)[19]
  • Arnold Horween, Jr., 1953–2003[24]
  • Arnold (Skip) Horween III, 1972–present[1]
  • Nicholas (Nick) Arnold Horween, 2009–present[25]

The tanning process edit

About 85% of the leather at Horween Leather Company is made from cowhide.[2] The company's workers take raw hides, which arrive salted to prevent deterioration, trim them, and remove their hair with chemicals in an extremely large washing drum. The leather is then treated with salt and pickled for 24 hours, so that it reaches a desired pH level. It is then bated, tanned, and finished.[2][4]

Products edit

Horween Leather Company produces many different full grain and corrected grain leathers. Its leather is used in a number of products including footwear, sports equipment, bags, belts, wallets, briefcases, suitcases, jackets, coats, and other apparel and accessories.[2][7][17] As of 2003, 60% of the company's leather was used to make clothes, shoes, and accessories, and 40% for sporting goods such as footballs, basketballs, and baseball gloves.[4]

Horween Leather Company supplies leather shells for footwear to the Timberland Company, Alden Shoe Company (their largest cordovan customer; it became a customer in 1930, buying shell cordovan and other leathers), Cole Haan, Allen Edmonds, Nomad Goods, Brooks Brothers, Hanover Shoe, Chippewa Boots and Johnston & Murphy.[2][4][7][16] Accessories and leather goods customers include J.Crew and Shinola Detroit.

Sporting goods edit

 
A Wilson modern American football, as used in the National Football League
 
A Spalding basketball, as used in the National Basketball Association

Horween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929.[26] In 2003, Horween was providing leather for 3,000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually, and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather.[4]

Wilson Sporting Goods is Horween Leather Company's largest customer, using the company's leather in manufacturing footballs and basketballs.[1] Horween Leather Company has supplied Wilson with pebbled cowhide since 1941.[27]

Since 1941, Horween Leather Company has been the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs.[28][15][29] The arrangement was established initially by Arnold Horween, who had played and coached in the NFL.[2] The company uses its own "Tanned in Tack" process.[28][15] Although footballs are often called "pigskins," they are made from Horween Leather Company-supplied steer hides that are embossed with a pebble pattern.[1][28][12][6] The company also supplies the leather for the game balls made for the Canadian Football League,[30] and they also supply leather to Spalding (a division of Russell Corporation) for indoor Arena Football League footballs.[7] Horween Leather Company's leather is also used to make National Basketball Association basketballs, made by Spalding[1] until 2021, and currently by Wilson Sporting Goods[31]

The Horween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929.[32] In 2003, Horween was providing leather for 3,000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually, and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather.[33]

Hydrogen sulfide gas release edit

On February 14, 1978, a driver making a delivery to Horween of a tanker truck filled with sodium hydrosulfide ignored signs and approached the wrong storage tank.[34][35] When the driver was unable at first to connect the tanker's hose to the storage tank, which was designed to prevent accidental mixing, he connected his own homemade coupling and was able to begin delivering the sodium hydrosulfide. The homemade coupling was later impounded by the Chicago Police Department.[36] The tank contained an acid chrome tanning liquor, and the resulting mixture immediately created a large amount of deadly hydrogen sulfide gas.[37] Workers began collapsing as the gas spread through the building.[38] Eight workers died and 35 were injured.[39][40] The Occupational Safety and Health Administration cited the company for failing to train employees in handling dangerous chemicals and in performing emergency evacuation procedures.[41]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Howard Wolinsky (May 16, 2008). . Business Week. Archived from the original on July 8, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Schneider, Sven Raphael (March 21, 2012). "Horween Leather Company Chicago". Gentleman's Gazette. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c Tom Gavin (January 12, 2013). . Haberdashmen.com. Archived from the original on May 13, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2013.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Rolek, Barbara (October 27, 2003). "Horween's leather bound by tradition". Chicago Tribune. from the original on May 13, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  5. ^ Wolinsky, Howard (May 16, 2008). . Business Week. Archived from the original on May 18, 2008.
  6. ^ a b Nuzum, Thomas (September 30, 1954). "'Pigskin' They're Kicking is Cow". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 26, 2013.[dead link]
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Horween Leather Company. encyclopedia.com. from the original on July 18, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  8. ^ a b Arena, Stephanie (December 8, 1991). "Leather Land: At Horween Tannery, Cordovan has Been King for 86 Years". Chicago Tribune. from the original on October 2, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
  9. ^ Charles H. Joseph (1926). . The Jewish Criterion. Archived from the original on December 13, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
  10. ^ (PDF). profootballresearchers.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 18, 2010. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
  11. ^ Stanley Bernard Frank (1936). The Jew in sports. The Miles Publishing Company. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
  12. ^ a b Gerald R. Gems (2000). For Pride, Profit, and Patriarchy: Football and the Incorporation of American Cultural Values. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810836853. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
  13. ^ "Timeline « Horween Leather Company". Horween.com. from the original on March 17, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2013.
  14. ^ a b c d e "Horween Leather Co". Mas Context. January 1, 1920. from the original on January 19, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  15. ^ a b c d John Maxymuk (2012). NFL Head Coaches: A Biographical Dictionary, 1920–2011. McFarland. ISBN 9780786465576. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l . Horween.com. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  17. ^ a b c Burgdorfer, Bob (May 3, 2007). "Passion for leather has made cowhides a hot item". Uk.reuters.com. from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  18. ^ UFCW Action. United Food and Commercial Workers International Union. 1992. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  19. ^ a b c d "Arnold Horween". Chicago Tribune. August 7, 1985. Retrieved March 26, 2013.[dead link]
  20. ^ The Shoe and Leather Reporter Annual. Shoe & Leather Reporter Company. 1921. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  21. ^ "Rwlb Boosts Standard Oil Workers' Pay". Chicago Tribune. September 7, 1943. Retrieved March 26, 2013.[dead link]
  22. ^ Leo M. Glassman (1935). Biographical encyclopaedia of American Jews, 1935. Maurice Jacobs & Leo Glassman. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  23. ^ "Baseball 2005: Total Commitment: Glove affair; Tradition-bound Rawlings, in an age of overseas mass production, still cherishes its custom work". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. April 3, 2005. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  24. ^ "Horween Jr., Arnold". Chicago Tribune. May 11, 2003. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  25. ^ Sweeney, Brigid (February 18, 2012). "No more hiding for local tannery riding pricey leather revival". Crain's Chicago Business. from the original on April 28, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2013.
  26. ^ William Hageman (December 19, 2004). "Take him back to the ball game". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 26, 2013.[dead link]
  27. ^ John Schmid (May 28, 2008). "Getting a grip". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  28. ^ a b c Scott Oldham (October 2001). "Bombs Away". Popular Mechanics: 67. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  29. ^ . Pro Football Hall of Fame. February 7, 2010. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  30. ^ . Wilson Sporting Goods. Archived from the original on April 21, 2018. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  31. ^ Greif, Andrew (September 27, 2021). ""NBA is switching official game ball to Wilson brand"". from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  32. ^ William Hageman (December 19, 2004). "Take him back to the ball game". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  33. ^ Barbara Rolek (October 27, 2003). "Horween's leather bound by tradition". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  34. ^ "Gas cloud kills 7 and fells 28 in Chicago". New York Daily News. February 15, 1978. p. 2.
  35. ^ "Error Was Deadly to Seven". New York Daily News. February 2, 1978.
  36. ^ Wattley, Philip (February 16, 1978). "8 fume deaths laid to worker error". Chicago Tribune. p. 3.
  37. ^ Enstad, Robert (February 15, 1978). "35 injured by fumes at tannery". Chicago Tribune. p. 1.
  38. ^ Keegan, Anne (February 16, 1978). "'Didn't know what hit us:' employes". Chicago Tribune. p. 1.
  39. ^ Wattley, Philip (February 16, 1978). "8 fume deaths laid to worker error". Chicago Tribune. p. 3.
  40. ^ "8th Death in Factory Accident". The New York Times. February 16, 1978. p. A21.
  41. ^ "Tannery cited for hazards in fume fatalities". Chicago Tribune. March 2, 1978. sec. 3, p. 8.

External links edit

  • Horween Company website

December 15, 2023
horween, leather, company, american, company, specializing, manufacturing, refining, leather, related, products, oldest, continuously, running, tanneries, united, states, america, since, founding, early, 20th, century, been, located, chicago, typeprivateindust. Horween Leather Company is an American company specializing in the manufacturing and refining of leather and related products It is one of the oldest continuously running tanneries in the United States of America Since its founding in the early 20th century it has been located in Chicago 2 3 4 5 6 Horween Leather CompanyTypePrivateIndustryLeather tanneryFoundedChicago Illinois 1905 118 years ago 1905 FounderIsadore HorweenHeadquarters2015 North Elston Avenue Chicago Illinois United StatesRevenue 25 million 2012 1 2 Number of employees160 2012 2 Websitewww wbr horween wbr comIsadore Horween founded the company in 1905 and worked in it until 1949 His two sons Arnold Horween Chairman and President 1949 84 and Ralph Horween became executives of the company and worked in it after their careers as All American football players for the Harvard Crimson and playing in the National Football League Arnold s son Arnold Horween Jr worked with it from 1953 2003 and his son Arnold Skip Horween III has worked with it since 1972 The fifth generation of Horweens Nicholas Nick Arnold Horween has worked at the company since 2009 Horween Leather Company offers an array of tannages using primarily cowhide and horsehide and also using smaller quantities of calf and bison hides Its leather is used in a number of products including sports equipment sports and casual footwear bags wallets briefcases belts coats jackets and other apparel and accessories 7 It is known for its production of Shell Cordovan the Chicago Tribune called it the Cordovan capital of the world professional football leather and Chromexcel among other leathers 4 8 It is the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs and also supplies the leather that is used for National Basketball Association basketballs Horween Leather Company is located in a five story block long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue at Ashland Avenue near the Chicago River Contents 1 History 1 1 1905 48 1 2 1949 84 1 3 1985 present 1 4 The Horween family 2 The tanning process 3 Products 3 1 Sporting goods 4 Hydrogen sulfide gas release 5 References 6 External linksHistory edit1905 48 edit nbsp Rose Horween Ralph Horween Arnold Horween and Isidore HorweenIsadore Horween whose surname was originally Horwitz or Horowitz 9 10 11 12 who had learned the leather business in his native Ukraine lived just outside Kiev immigrated to the United States in 1893 He obtained his first job at a tannery in the U S through a contact he made at the 1893 World s Columbian Exposition in Chicago 13 For 12 years he worked in one of the then two dozen tanneries in Chicago 2 14 He founded I Horween and Co in 1905 and established it on Division Street in Chicago 1 14 8 15 At the time Chicago was a major center of the meatpacking industry and a major rail hub 14 16 The tanneries were built close to the source of raw materials In 1911 Isadore Horween developed and produced Aniline Chromexcel one of the company s most traditional tannages 16 The company s original focus was the production of razor strops to sharpen razors used in shaving 14 With the advent of the safety razor in 1912 however the need for razor strops waned and the company shifted its focus to other products 14 In 1920 the company moved to its current location in a five story block long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue at Ashland Avenue on the Chicago River in Chicago s Bucktown on the north side of the city 17 18 Isadore Horween had obtained the site which remains the company s current location by purchasing it from Herman Loescher and Sons tannery 16 The company s name was eventually changed to Horween Leather Company 16 19 nbsp Ralph Horween he was the company s secretary and treasurer in between his stints playing football at Harvard and in the NFL alongside his brother Arnold HorweenIn 1921 the company s secretary and treasurer was Isadore s son Ralph Horween during Ralph s career as a football player for the Harvard Crimson and before his career as a player and coach in the National Football League In 1945 he was still secretary of the company 19 20 In 1927 Horween Leather Company sold the tannery on Division Street and consolidated its operations at North Elston Avenue 16 In 1930 it developed mechanical leather a very durable heavyweight leather for use in oil seals gaskets and engine seals 16 In 1936 the company had 336 workers 21 In 1938 Horween Leather Company became the official leather supplier for U S Marine Corps water resistant footwear during World War II It supplied Chromoexcel which was used exclusively in the North African Campaign 7 16 In 1941 it added a large addition to the tannery 16 1949 84 edit Isadore s son Arnold Horween eventually took over the company business after his career as a football player at Harvard alongside his brother Ralph and then again with his brother as player coaches in the National Football League and finally as Harvard s head football coach He ran the company as Chairman and President from 1949 84 15 19 22 In 1960 the company developed and offered football leather as it is made and sold today 16 In 1978 there were 250 tanneries in the U S but by 2005 the number had dropped to approximately 20 23 1985 present edit In 1985 Arnold Jr Isadore s grandson succeeded his father as Horween Leather Company s chief executive 7 In 1990 the company developed and offered waterproof lines of leathers 16 Arnold Jr s son Arnold Skip Horween III Isadore s great grandson joined as treasurer that year and became vice president in 1995 7 In 2001 Skip Horween took over running the company and in 2002 he became president 7 17 The company is now run by the fourth generation with the fifth generation also in house 1 In 2003 the company began supplying leather for the Arena Football League 7 In 2005 the company had sales of over 35 million 7 In 2006 it became the only tannery in Chicago at one time the city had as many as 40 3 As of 2012 Horween Leather Company had 160 employees and annual revenues of approximately 25 million 2 In a typical week it processes 4 000 cowhides and 1 000 horsehides into 120 000 square feet 11 000 m2 of leather 2 As of 2013 Horween Leather Company was one of fewer than a dozen tanneries in the U S down from over 250 in 1978 3 16 The Horween family edit The following reflects each generation of the Horween family that worked in the company Isadore Horween 1905 49 Arnold Horween 1922 84 Chairman amp President 1949 84 19 Arnold Horween Jr 1953 2003 24 Arnold Skip Horween III 1972 present 1 Nicholas Nick Arnold Horween 2009 present 25 The tanning process editAbout 85 of the leather at Horween Leather Company is made from cowhide 2 The company s workers take raw hides which arrive salted to prevent deterioration trim them and remove their hair with chemicals in an extremely large washing drum The leather is then treated with salt and pickled for 24 hours so that it reaches a desired pH level It is then bated tanned and finished 2 4 Products editHorween Leather Company produces many different full grain and corrected grain leathers Its leather is used in a number of products including footwear sports equipment bags belts wallets briefcases suitcases jackets coats and other apparel and accessories 2 7 17 As of 2003 60 of the company s leather was used to make clothes shoes and accessories and 40 for sporting goods such as footballs basketballs and baseball gloves 4 Horween Leather Company supplies leather shells for footwear to the Timberland Company Alden Shoe Company their largest cordovan customer it became a customer in 1930 buying shell cordovan and other leathers Cole Haan Allen Edmonds Nomad Goods Brooks Brothers Hanover Shoe Chippewa Boots and Johnston amp Murphy 2 4 7 16 Accessories and leather goods customers include J Crew and Shinola Detroit Sporting goods edit nbsp A Wilson modern American football as used in the National Football League nbsp A Spalding basketball as used in the National Basketball AssociationHorween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929 26 In 2003 Horween was providing leather for 3 000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather 4 Wilson Sporting Goods is Horween Leather Company s largest customer using the company s leather in manufacturing footballs and basketballs 1 Horween Leather Company has supplied Wilson with pebbled cowhide since 1941 27 Since 1941 Horween Leather Company has been the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs 28 15 29 The arrangement was established initially by Arnold Horween who had played and coached in the NFL 2 The company uses its own Tanned in Tack process 28 15 Although footballs are often called pigskins they are made from Horween Leather Company supplied steer hides that are embossed with a pebble pattern 1 28 12 6 The company also supplies the leather for the game balls made for the Canadian Football League 30 and they also supply leather to Spalding a division of Russell Corporation for indoor Arena Football League footballs 7 Horween Leather Company s leather is also used to make National Basketball Association basketballs made by Spalding 1 until 2021 and currently by Wilson Sporting Goods 31 The Horween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929 32 In 2003 Horween was providing leather for 3 000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather 33 Hydrogen sulfide gas release editOn February 14 1978 a driver making a delivery to Horween of a tanker truck filled with sodium hydrosulfide ignored signs and approached the wrong storage tank 34 35 When the driver was unable at first to connect the tanker s hose to the storage tank which was designed to prevent accidental mixing he connected his own homemade coupling and was able to begin delivering the sodium hydrosulfide The homemade coupling was later impounded by the Chicago Police Department 36 The tank contained an acid chrome tanning liquor and the resulting mixture immediately created a large amount of deadly hydrogen sulfide gas 37 Workers began collapsing as the gas spread through the building 38 Eight workers died and 35 were injured 39 40 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration cited the company for failing to train employees in handling dangerous chemicals and in performing emergency evacuation procedures 41 References edit a b c d e f g Howard Wolinsky May 16 2008 Horween Leather Faces an Uncertain Future Business Week Archived from the original on July 8 2012 Retrieved March 26 2013 a b c d e f g h i j k Schneider Sven Raphael March 21 2012 Horween Leather Company Chicago Gentleman s Gazette Retrieved March 27 2013 a b c Tom Gavin January 12 2013 Welcome to the Time Machine Tom Gavin Visits Horween Leather Co Haberdashmen com Archived from the original on May 13 2013 Retrieved March 28 2013 a b c d e f Rolek Barbara October 27 2003 Horween s leather bound by tradition Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on May 13 2013 Retrieved March 27 2013 Wolinsky Howard May 16 2008 Horween Leather Faces an Uncertain Future Business Week Archived from the original on May 18 2008 a b Nuzum Thomas September 30 1954 Pigskin They re Kicking is Cow Chicago Tribune Retrieved March 26 2013 dead link a b c d e f g h i j Horween Leather Company encyclopedia com Archived from the original on July 18 2013 Retrieved January 20 2016 a b Arena Stephanie December 8 1991 Leather Land At Horween Tannery Cordovan has Been King for 86 Years Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on October 2 2019 Retrieved October 1 2019 Charles H Joseph 1926 18M The Jewish Criterion Archived from the original on December 13 2013 Retrieved March 25 2013 Ralph Horween PDF profootballresearchers org Archived from the original PDF on December 18 2010 Retrieved March 25 2013 Stanley Bernard Frank 1936 The Jew in sports The Miles Publishing Company Retrieved March 22 2013 a b Gerald R Gems 2000 For Pride Profit and Patriarchy Football and the Incorporation of American Cultural Values Scarecrow Press ISBN 9780810836853 Retrieved March 22 2013 Timeline Horween Leather Company Horween com Archived from the original on March 17 2013 Retrieved March 28 2013 a b c d e Horween Leather Co Mas Context January 1 1920 Archived from the original on January 19 2013 Retrieved March 27 2013 a b c d John Maxymuk 2012 NFL Head Coaches A Biographical Dictionary 1920 2011 McFarland ISBN 9780786465576 Retrieved March 26 2013 a b c d e f g h i j k l A Brief History Horween Leather Company Horween com Archived from the original on July 5 2013 Retrieved January 20 2016 a b c Burgdorfer Bob May 3 2007 Passion for leather has made cowhides a hot item Uk reuters com Archived from the original on March 5 2016 Retrieved March 26 2013 UFCW Action United Food and Commercial Workers International Union 1992 Retrieved March 26 2013 a b c d Arnold Horween Chicago Tribune August 7 1985 Retrieved March 26 2013 dead link The Shoe and Leather Reporter Annual Shoe amp Leather Reporter Company 1921 Retrieved March 26 2013 Rwlb Boosts Standard Oil Workers Pay Chicago Tribune September 7 1943 Retrieved March 26 2013 dead link Leo M Glassman 1935 Biographical encyclopaedia of American Jews 1935 Maurice Jacobs amp Leo Glassman Retrieved March 26 2013 Baseball 2005 Total Commitment Glove affair Tradition bound Rawlings in an age of overseas mass production still cherishes its custom work The Atlanta Journal Constitution April 3 2005 Retrieved March 26 2013 Horween Jr Arnold Chicago Tribune May 11 2003 Retrieved March 26 2013 Sweeney Brigid February 18 2012 No more hiding for local tannery riding pricey leather revival Crain s Chicago Business Archived from the original on April 28 2012 Retrieved March 29 2013 William Hageman December 19 2004 Take him back to the ball game Chicago Tribune Retrieved March 26 2013 dead link John Schmid May 28 2008 Getting a grip Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Archived from the original on March 5 2016 Retrieved March 26 2013 a b c Scott Oldham October 2001 Bombs Away Popular Mechanics 67 Retrieved March 26 2013 The NFL s centenarians Pro Football Hall of Fame February 7 2010 Archived from the original on October 14 2013 Retrieved March 27 2013 CFL Game Football Wilson Sporting Goods Archived from the original on April 21 2018 Retrieved December 17 2017 Greif Andrew September 27 2021 NBA is switching official game ball to Wilson brand Archived from the original on June 28 2022 Retrieved June 28 2022 William Hageman December 19 2004 Take him back to the ball game Chicago Tribune Retrieved March 26 2013 Barbara Rolek October 27 2003 Horween s leather bound by tradition Chicago Tribune Retrieved October 3 2015 Gas cloud kills 7 and fells 28 in Chicago New York Daily News February 15 1978 p 2 Error Was Deadly to Seven New York Daily News February 2 1978 Wattley Philip February 16 1978 8 fume deaths laid to worker error Chicago Tribune p 3 Enstad Robert February 15 1978 35 injured by fumes at tannery Chicago Tribune p 1 Keegan Anne February 16 1978 Didn t know what hit us employes Chicago Tribune p 1 Wattley Philip February 16 1978 8 fume deaths laid to worker error Chicago Tribune p 3 8th Death in Factory Accident The New York Times February 16 1978 p A21 Tannery cited for hazards in fume fatalities Chicago Tribune March 2 1978 sec 3 p 8 External links editHorween Company website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Horween Leather Company amp oldid 1179262638, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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