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The Red River Delta or Hong River Delta (Vietnamese: Châu thổ sông Hồng) is the flat low-lying plain formed by the Red River and its distributaries merging with the Thái Bình River in northernVietnam. Hồng (紅) is a Sino-Vietnamese word for "red" or "crimson". The delta has the smallest area but highest population and population density of all regions. The region, measuring some 15,000 square kilometres (6,000 sq mi) is well protected by a network of dikes. It is an agriculturally rich and densely populated area. Most of the land is devoted to rice cultivation.[1]
Eight provinces, together with two municipalities (the capital Hanoi, and the port of Haiphong) form the delta. It had a population of almost 23 million in 2019.
Spanning some 150 km in width, the Red River Delta is located in the western coastal zone of the Gulf of Tonkin. The Red River is the second largest river in Vietnam and one of the five largest rivers on the East Asia coast. Its catchment covers parts of China and Vietnam and its water and sediment discharges greatly influence the hydrology in the Gulf of Tonkin.
Delta economyedit
In 2003, of the 78 million people in Vietnam, almost a third (24 million) live in the Red River basin, including over 17 million people in the delta itself. There are many large industrial zones in the Red River delta clustering in Viet Tri, Hanoi, Haiphong and Nam Dinh. Most of the population works in rice cultivation but the delta region hosts other important economic activities such as fisheries, aquaculture, land reclamation for agriculture, harbor construction, mangroveforestry, etc. The socio-economic development in the delta is also affected by seasonal storms, flooding, coastal erosion, silting, salt water intrusion, etc.
Though the Red River Delta makes up only 5% of Vietnam's land, 30% of the country's population live there, making it the most densely populated part of the country. 80% of the population are employed in agriculture, but the agricultural lands of the delta amount to only about .3-.5 hectares per household, making the limited supply of arable lands a significant constraint to improving living standards.
Agriculturally the Red River Delta is the second most important rice-producing area in Vietnam, accounting for 20% of the national crop. Production of rice is close to optimal with very little yield gap to exploit and employing double cropping techniques to achieve close to maximum yields. However the rich soil of the delta does present a possibility of crop diversification and there is potential for further development of aquaculture.[7] With these developmental pressures the estuarine environment and ecosystem face degradation due to threats of pollution, over-fishing and aquaculture destroying natural habitats..[8]
^General Statistics Office (2012): Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam 2011. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
^VnExpress - Địa giới Hà Nội chính thức mở rộng từ 1/8 - Dia gioi Ha Noi chinh thuc mo rong tu 1/8
^Edwards et al (eds.) Rural Aquaculture, CABI publishing, page 56.
^Thanh, Tran (1 January 2003). "Researches in estuarine environment and ecosystem of Red River: An overview on activities and results". MarINE Environment and Resources. Science and Technics Publishing. House. 10: 34–53 – via ResearchGate.
Further readingedit
Towards an environmental history of the eastern Red River Delta, Vietnam, c.900–1400
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Vietnamese Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 944 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Vietnamese Wikipedia article at vi Đồng bằng song Hồng see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated vi Đồng bằng song Hồng to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The Red River Delta or Hong River Delta Vietnamese Chau thổ song Hồng is the flat low lying plain formed by the Red River and its distributaries merging with the Thai Binh River in northern Vietnam Hồng 紅 is a Sino Vietnamese word for red or crimson The delta has the smallest area but highest population and population density of all regions The region measuring some 15 000 square kilometres 6 000 sq mi is well protected by a network of dikes It is an agriculturally rich and densely populated area Most of the land is devoted to rice cultivation 1 Red River Delta Chau thổ song HồngLocation of the Red River Delta region in VietnamCountry VietnamArea Metro14 966 km2 5 778 sq mi Population Metro23 197 405 Metro density1 600 km2 4 000 sq mi GDP MetroVND 1 753 trillionUS 77 005 billion 2021 Time zoneUTC 7 UTC 7 Eight provinces together with two municipalities the capital Hanoi and the port of Haiphong form the delta It had a population of almost 23 million in 2019 In 2021 Paul Sidwell proposed that the locus of Proto Austroasiatic languages was in this area about 4 000 4 500 years before present 2 The Hong River Delta is the cradle of the Vietnamese nation Water puppetry originated in the rice paddies here The region was bombed by United States warplanes during the Vietnam War The region was designated as the Red River Delta Biosphere Reserve as part of UNESCO s Man and the Biosphere Programme in 2004 3 Contents 1 Provinces 2 Geography 3 Delta economy 4 See also 5 Notes and references 6 Further readingProvinces editStatistics of the Red River Delta 4 Province LevelDivision Capital Population May 2023 5 Area in km2 Populationdensity km2 Bắc Ninh Bắc Ninh 1 452 551 823 1 1 756Ha Nam Phủ Ly 962 129 859 7 1 028Hải Dương Hải Dương 2 632 646 1 652 8 1 554Hưng Yen Hưng Yen 1 350 987 923 5 1 422Nam Định Nam Định 1 893 412 1 668 82 1 067Ninh Binh Ninh Binh 1 134 504 1 392 4 804Thai Binh Thai Binh 1 949 656 1 546 5 1 256Vĩnh Phuc Vĩnh Yen 1 304 105 1 373 2 896Hanoi municipality Hoan Kiếm district 8 153 764 3 328 9 2 338Haiphong municipality Hồng Bang district 2 363 651 1 520 7 1 547Totals 23 197 405 14 965 7 1 523Quảng Ninh province Bắc Giang province Thai Nguyen province and Phu Thọ province are sometimes included as a province of the Red River Delta Alternatively they are seen as part of the Northeast region Ha Tay province was merged into Hanoi in 2008 6 Geography editSpanning some 150 km in width the Red River Delta is located in the western coastal zone of the Gulf of Tonkin The Red River is the second largest river in Vietnam and one of the five largest rivers on the East Asia coast Its catchment covers parts of China and Vietnam and its water and sediment discharges greatly influence the hydrology in the Gulf of Tonkin Delta economy editIn 2003 of the 78 million people in Vietnam almost a third 24 million live in the Red River basin including over 17 million people in the delta itself There are many large industrial zones in the Red River delta clustering in Viet Tri Hanoi Haiphong and Nam Dinh Most of the population works in rice cultivation but the delta region hosts other important economic activities such as fisheries aquaculture land reclamation for agriculture harbor construction mangrove forestry etc The socio economic development in the delta is also affected by seasonal storms flooding coastal erosion silting salt water intrusion etc Though the Red River Delta makes up only 5 of Vietnam s land 30 of the country s population live there making it the most densely populated part of the country 80 of the population are employed in agriculture but the agricultural lands of the delta amount to only about 3 5 hectares per household making the limited supply of arable lands a significant constraint to improving living standards Agriculturally the Red River Delta is the second most important rice producing area in Vietnam accounting for 20 of the national crop Production of rice is close to optimal with very little yield gap to exploit and employing double cropping techniques to achieve close to maximum yields However the rich soil of the delta does present a possibility of crop diversification and there is potential for further development of aquaculture 7 With these developmental pressures the estuarine environment and ecosystem face degradation due to threats of pollution over fishing and aquaculture destroying natural habitats 8 See also editRed River Delta coalfieldNotes and references edit Whitfield D Historical and Cultural Dictionary of Vietnam Metuchen New Jersey The Scarecrow Press 1976 Sidwell Paul 2021 Austroasiatic Dispersal the AA Water World Extended SEALS 2021 Archived 2021 12 16 at the Wayback Machine Video Red River Delta United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization www unesco org Retrieved 2016 06 27 Nam Dinh statistics yearbook 2020 General Statistics Office 2012 Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam 2011 Statistical Publishing House Hanoi VnExpress Địa giới Ha Nội chinh thức mở rộng từ 1 8 Dia gioi Ha Noi chinh thuc mo rong tu 1 8 Edwards et al eds Rural Aquaculture CABI publishing page 56 Thanh Tran 1 January 2003 Researches in estuarine environment and ecosystem of Red River An overview on activities and results MarINE Environment and Resources Science and Technics Publishing House 10 34 53 via ResearchGate Further reading editTowards an environmental history of the eastern Red River Delta Vietnam c 900 1400 21 02 N 105 51 E 21 033 N 105 850 E 21 033 105 850 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Red River Delta amp oldid 1205136109, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
