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Honestiores and humiliores

January 07, 2023

Honestiores and humiliores are two categories of the population of Ancient Rome, of high and low status, respectively.[1][2][3] This included a variety of populations. Such as peasants, artisans, freed slaves, citizens, peregrini,[4] or tenant farmers.[5] Higher status groups such as equestrians or certain politicians would be part of the Honestiores.[6][7] Humiliores would be subject to harsher legal penalties such as corporal punishment or public humiliation.[8][9][10][11] While the Honestiores were exempt from such punishments.[12] In law, the humiliores consisted of groups considered to be more humble.[13] The humiliores were seen as lazy and dishonest. They were loathed by the honestiores.[14] The honestiores were considered the more honorable class. They consisted of groups such as senators and the rich. The honestiores made up around 1% of the Roman population. The differences between the Honestiores and the Humiliores may have been an exclusively legal distinction.[4] The division first appeared near the end of the 2nd century AD.

References

  1. ^ McLynn 2009, pp. 482–483.
  2. ^ MacMullen 2019, p. 192.
  3. ^ Peachin 2011, p. 153.
  4. ^ a b Rohmann 2012, p. 1.
  5. ^ Grubbs 2002, p. 10.
  6. ^ Perkins 2008, p. 5-6.
  7. ^ Duff 2001, p. 18-21.
  8. ^ Grubbs 2002, p. 12.
  9. ^ Berger 2002, p. 490.
  10. ^ Lapidge 2018, p. 24-29.
  11. ^ Fleiner 2020.
  12. ^ Sarris 2011, p. 29.
  13. ^ Matyszak 2014.
  14. ^ Duff 2017, p. 173.

Bibliography

  • Berger, Adolf (2002). Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. ISBN 978-1-58477-142-5.
  • Duff, Paul B. (2017-11-21). Jesus Followers in the Roman Empire. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4674-4838-3.
  • Duff, Paul B. (2001). Who Rides the Beast?: Prophetic Rivalry and the Rhetoric of Crisis in the Churches of the Apocalypse. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513835-1.
  • Fleiner, Carey (2020-02-28). A writer's guide to Ancient Rome. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-1-5261-3525-4.
  • Grubbs, Judith A. (2002). Women and the Law in the Roman Empire: A Sourcebook on Marriage, Divorce and Widowhood. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-15240-2.
  • Lapidge, Michael (2018). The Roman Martyrs: Introduction, Translations, and Commentary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-881136-7.
  • Rohmann, Dirk (2012-10-26), Bagnall, Roger S; Brodersen, Kai; Champion, Craige B; Erskine, Andrew (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. wbeah22157, doi:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah22157, ISBN 978-1-4443-3838-6, retrieved 2022-10-08
  • Sarris, Peter (2011-10-27). Empires of Faith: The Fall of Rome to the Rise of Islam, 500-700. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-162002-7.
  • Matyszak, Philip (2014-04-03). The Roman Empire: A Beginner's Guide. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-78074-425-4.
  • MacMullen, Ramsay (2019-02-19). Changes in the Roman Empire: Essays in the Ordinary. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-19805-7.
  • McLynn, Frank (2009-08-11). Marcus Aurelius: A Life. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81830-1.
  • Peachin, Michael (2011). The Oxford Handbook of Social Relations in the Roman World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-518800-4.
  • Perkins, Judith (2008-08-22). Roman Imperial Identities in the Early Christian Era. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-15264-3.

Literature

  • A. H. M. Jones (1964). The Later Roman Empire, 284-602: A Social Economic and Administrative Survey. Taylor & Francis.
  • Krause, Jens-Uwe (Munich). "Honestiores/Humiliores". Brill's New Pauly.

January 07, 2023
honestiores, humiliores, categories, population, ancient, rome, high, status, respectively, this, included, variety, populations, such, peasants, artisans, freed, slaves, citizens, peregrini, tenant, farmers, higher, status, groups, such, equestrians, certain,. Honestiores and humiliores are two categories of the population of Ancient Rome of high and low status respectively 1 2 3 This included a variety of populations Such as peasants artisans freed slaves citizens peregrini 4 or tenant farmers 5 Higher status groups such as equestrians or certain politicians would be part of the Honestiores 6 7 Humiliores would be subject to harsher legal penalties such as corporal punishment or public humiliation 8 9 10 11 While the Honestiores were exempt from such punishments 12 In law the humiliores consisted of groups considered to be more humble 13 The humiliores were seen as lazy and dishonest They were loathed by the honestiores 14 The honestiores were considered the more honorable class They consisted of groups such as senators and the rich The honestiores made up around 1 of the Roman population The differences between the Honestiores and the Humiliores may have been an exclusively legal distinction 4 The division first appeared near the end of the 2nd century AD References Edit McLynn 2009 pp 482 483 MacMullen 2019 p 192 Peachin 2011 p 153 a b Rohmann 2012 p 1 Grubbs 2002 p 10 Perkins 2008 p 5 6 Duff 2001 p 18 21 Grubbs 2002 p 12 Berger 2002 p 490 Lapidge 2018 p 24 29 Fleiner 2020 Sarris 2011 p 29 Matyszak 2014 Duff 2017 p 173 Bibliography Edit Berger Adolf 2002 Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law The Lawbook Exchange Ltd ISBN 978 1 58477 142 5 Duff Paul B 2017 11 21 Jesus Followers in the Roman Empire Wm B Eerdmans Publishing ISBN 978 1 4674 4838 3 Duff Paul B 2001 Who Rides the Beast Prophetic Rivalry and the Rhetoric of Crisis in the Churches of the Apocalypse Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 513835 1 Fleiner Carey 2020 02 28 A writer s guide to Ancient Rome Manchester University Press ISBN 978 1 5261 3525 4 Grubbs Judith A 2002 Women and the Law in the Roman Empire A Sourcebook on Marriage Divorce and Widowhood Psychology Press ISBN 978 0 415 15240 2 Lapidge Michael 2018 The Roman Martyrs Introduction Translations and Commentary Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 881136 7 Rohmann Dirk 2012 10 26 Bagnall Roger S Brodersen Kai Champion Craige B Erskine Andrew eds The Encyclopedia of Ancient History Hoboken NJ USA John Wiley amp Sons Inc pp wbeah22157 doi 10 1002 9781444338386 wbeah22157 ISBN 978 1 4443 3838 6 retrieved 2022 10 08 Sarris Peter 2011 10 27 Empires of Faith The Fall of Rome to the Rise of Islam 500 700 OUP Oxford ISBN 978 0 19 162002 7 Matyszak Philip 2014 04 03 The Roman Empire A Beginner s Guide Simon and Schuster ISBN 978 1 78074 425 4 MacMullen Ramsay 2019 02 19 Changes in the Roman Empire Essays in the Ordinary Princeton University Press ISBN 978 0 691 19805 7 McLynn Frank 2009 08 11 Marcus Aurelius A Life Da Capo Press ISBN 978 0 306 81830 1 Peachin Michael 2011 The Oxford Handbook of Social Relations in the Roman World Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 518800 4 Perkins Judith 2008 08 22 Roman Imperial Identities in the Early Christian Era Routledge ISBN 978 1 134 15264 3 Literature EditA H M Jones 1964 The Later Roman Empire 284 602 A Social Economic and Administrative Survey Taylor amp Francis Krause Jens Uwe Munich Honestiores Humiliores Brill s New Pauly This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian March 2018 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Russian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 2 699 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at ru Honestiores i humiliores see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated ru Honestiores i humiliores to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Honestiores and humiliores amp oldid 1128488034, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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