Holbein carpets are a type of carpet taking their name from Hans Holbein the Younger, due to their depiction in European Renaissance paintings, although they are shown in paintings from many decades earlier than Holbein. The art historian Kurt Erdmann has sub-divided the "Holbein" design into four types (of which Holbein actually only painted two); they are among the commonest designs of Anatolian carpet seen in Western Renaissance paintings. Their production started by the mid-15th century, and continued to be produced for nearly two centuries. All are purely geometric and use a variety of arrangements of lozenges, crosses and octagonal motifs within the main field. The sub-divisions are between:[1]
Type I: Small-pattern Holbein. This type is defined by an infinite repeat of small patterns, with alternating rows of octagons and staggered rows of diamonds, as seen in Holbein the Younger's Portrait of Georg Gisze (1532), or the Somerset House Conference (1608).[2][3]
Type III: Large-pattern Holbein. The motifs in the field inside the border consist of one or two large squares filled with octagons, placed regularly, and separated from each other and from the borders by narrow stripes. There are no secondary "gul (in armenian "vard", i.e. "rose")" motifs. The carpet in Holbein's The Ambassadors is of this type.[4][5]
Type IV: Large-pattern Holbein. Large, square, star-filled compartments are combined with secondary, smaller squares containing octagons or other "gul" motifs. In contrast to the other types, which only contain patterns of equal scale, the type IV Holbein shows subordinate ornaments of unequal scale.[6][7]
^Erdmann, Kurt (1965). Der Orientalische Knüpfteppich. = Oriental Carpets: An Essay on their History. tr. C. G. Ellis, New York, 1960 (3rd ed.). Tübingen: Verlag Ernst Wasmuth. p. 23.
^Old Ottoman carpets, Large-pattern Type III Holbein Carpets. See also note to the last paragraph.
^Erdmann, Kurt (1965). Der Orientalische Knüpfteppich. = Oriental Carpets: An Essay on their History. tr. C. G. Ellis, New York, 1960 (3rd ed.). Tübingen: Verlag Ernst Wasmuth. p. 25.
^Old Ottoman carpets, Large-pattern Type IV Holbein Carpets. See also note to the last paragraph.
^Erdmann, Kurt (1965). Der Orientalische Knüpfteppich. = Oriental Carpets: An Essay on their History. tr. C. G. Ellis, New York, 1960 (3rd ed.). Tübingen: Verlag Ernst Wasmuth. p. 26.
Referencesedit
Brown, David Alan, Peter Humfrey and Mauro Lucco Lorenzo Lotto: Rediscovered Master of the Renaissance, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1997.
Mack, Rosamond E., Bazaar to Piazza: Islamic Trade and Italian Art, 1300-1600, Los Angeles, University of California Press, 2002.
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January 01, 1970
holbein, carpet, type, carpet, taking, their, name, from, hans, holbein, younger, their, depiction, european, renaissance, paintings, although, they, shown, paintings, from, many, decades, earlier, than, holbein, historian, kurt, erdmann, divided, holbein, des. Holbein carpets are a type of carpet taking their name from Hans Holbein the Younger due to their depiction in European Renaissance paintings although they are shown in paintings from many decades earlier than Holbein The art historian Kurt Erdmann has sub divided the Holbein design into four types of which Holbein actually only painted two they are among the commonest designs of Anatolian carpet seen in Western Renaissance paintings Their production started by the mid 15th century and continued to be produced for nearly two centuries All are purely geometric and use a variety of arrangements of lozenges crosses and octagonal motifs within the main field The sub divisions are between 1 Type I Small pattern Holbein This type is defined by an infinite repeat of small patterns with alternating rows of octagons and staggered rows of diamonds as seen in Holbein the Younger s Portrait of Georg Gisze 1532 or the Somerset House Conference 1608 2 3 Type II now more often called Lotto carpets Type III Large pattern Holbein The motifs in the field inside the border consist of one or two large squares filled with octagons placed regularly and separated from each other and from the borders by narrow stripes There are no secondary gul in armenian vard i e rose motifs The carpet in Holbein s The Ambassadors is of this type 4 5 Type IV Large pattern Holbein Large square star filled compartments are combined with secondary smaller squares containing octagons or other gul motifs In contrast to the other types which only contain patterns of equal scale the type IV Holbein shows subordinate ornaments of unequal scale 6 7 Type I small pattern Holbein carpet Anatolia 16th century Museum of Islamic Art Berlin Type IV large pattern Holbein carpet 16th century Bergama region Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum Large pattern Holbein carpet C 14 dated to 1370 1450 AD 95 4 probability Holbein frequently used carpets in portraits on tables for most sitters but on the floor for Henry VIII Verrocchio s Madonna with Saint John the Baptist and Donatus 1475 1483 Master of Saint Giles Mass of Saint Giles c 1500 with a Type III Holbein carpet French ambassador to England Jean de Dinteville in The Ambassadors by Hans Holbein the Younger 1533 This is a large pattern Holbein Type III See also editUshak carpet Oriental carpets in Renaissance paintingNotes edit King amp Sylvester pp 26 27 52 57 Campbell p 189 Old Ottoman carpets see also last note Erdmann Kurt 1965 Der Orientalische Knupfteppich Oriental Carpets An Essay on their History tr C G Ellis New York 1960 3rd ed Tubingen Verlag Ernst Wasmuth p 23 Old Ottoman carpets Large pattern Type III Holbein Carpets See also note to the last paragraph Erdmann Kurt 1965 Der Orientalische Knupfteppich Oriental Carpets An Essay on their History tr C G Ellis New York 1960 3rd ed Tubingen Verlag Ernst Wasmuth p 25 Old Ottoman carpets Large pattern Type IV Holbein Carpets See also note to the last paragraph Erdmann Kurt 1965 Der Orientalische Knupfteppich Oriental Carpets An Essay on their History tr C G Ellis New York 1960 3rd ed Tubingen Verlag Ernst Wasmuth p 26 References editBrown David Alan Peter Humfrey and Mauro Lucco Lorenzo Lotto Rediscovered Master of the Renaissance New Haven Yale University Press 1997 King Donald and Sylvester David eds The Eastern Carpet in the Western World From the 15th to the 17th century Arts Council of Great Britain London 1983 ISBN 0 7287 0362 9 Mack Rosamond E Bazaar to Piazza Islamic Trade and Italian Art 1300 1600 Los Angeles University of California Press 2002 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Holbein carpets Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Holbein carpet amp oldid 1182012948, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
