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The Hohenzollern Bridge (German: Hohenzollernbrücke) is a bridge crossing the river Rhine in the German city of Cologne (German: Köln). It crosses the Rhine at kilometre 688.5. Originally, the bridge was both a railway and road bridge. However, after its destruction in 1945 and subsequent reconstruction, the bridge has been only accessible to rail and pedestrian traffic.
Krupp Maschinen- und Stahlbau (steel), Grün & Bilfinger and Heinrich Butzer (concrete) 1946 August Klönne and Stahlbau Albert Liesegang (steel), Philipp Holzmann AG (concrete) 1956 Hein, Lehmann & Co. and Krupp Industrietechnik GmbH and Thyssen Engineering GmbH (steel) 1986[1]
It is the most heavily-used railway bridge in Germany with more than 1,200 trains crossing daily,[3] connecting the Köln Hauptbahnhof and Köln Messe/Deutz stations.
The bridge was constructed between 1907 and 1911 after the demolition of old bridge, the Cathedral Bridge (Dombrücke). The Cathedral Bridge was unable to handle the increasing rail traffic imposed by the inauguration of the Köln Hauptbahnhof.[citation needed] The new bridge was named after the House of Hohenzollern, the rulers of Prussia and German Emperors. (At the time, Cologne formed part of the Prussian Rhine Province.)
The president of the Railway Directorate Cologne, Paul von Breitenbach, started planning the construction and handed over this work to his successor Rudolf Schmidt in 1906. The railway engineer Fritz Beermann headed the project; under his direction Friedrich Dirksen worked out the designs. The construction of the Hohenzollern Bridge took place from 1907 to 1911; Kaiser Wilhelm II inaugurated it on 22 May 1911.[4]
The bridge consisted of three adjacent bridge parts, each with three iron truss arches (passage openings) in the longitudinal direction to accommodate four railway tracks and a road. Although the location of the bridge and of the railway station were already controversial in previous structures, the Hohenzollern Bridge adopted the orientation of the previous bridge on the central axis of the cathedral.
Wilhelm I (south of the ramp on the right bank of the Rhine)
Four equestrian statues of Prussian kings and German emperors of the Hohenzollern family flank each ramp. The Cathedral Bridge was already adorned with the statues of Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia by sculptor Gustav Blaeser and Kaiser Wilhelm I by Friedrich Drake, which now stand on the right (east) bank of the Rhine (see pictures above). In addition sculptor Louis Tuaillon made the equestrian statues of Friedrich III and, during his lifetime, of Wilhelm II, which were placed on the left (west) bank of the Rhine (see pictures below). The statues symbolize the era of Prussian rule in the Rhine Province.
Friedrich III (north of the ramp on the left bank of the Rhine)
Wilhelm II (south of the ramp on the left bank of the Rhine)
The Hohenzollern Bridge functioned as one of the most important bridges in Germany during World War II (1939-1945); even constant daily airstrikes did not badly damage it. On 6 March 1945, German military engineers blew up the bridge as Allied troops began their assault on Cologne.
After Germany surrendered on 8 May 1945, the bridge was initially made operational on a makeshift basis, but soon reconstruction began in earnest. By 8 May 1948, pedestrians could again use the Hohenzollern Bridge.
The southern road traffic decks were removed[by whom?] so that the bridge now only consisted of six individual bridge decks, built partly in their old form. The surviving portals and bridge towers were not repaired and were demolished in 1958. In 1959, reconstruction of the bridge was completed.
During the 1980s, the bridge was renovated with two new tracks. A minimal portion of the old road ramp on the Deutz side was preserved, together with cobblestones and tram tracks. The rest was removed in connection with the construction of the Kölntriangle development and converted into a pedestrian and bike path.
The Hohenzollern Bridge now regularly has over 1,200 trains passing through daily.[3] The total length of the Hohenzollern Bridge is 409.19 meters (1,342.5 ft).
Triviaedit
Part of the Hohenzollern Bridge, which was blown up in 1945, was used to rebuild the last Ruhr Bridge, the Karl Lehr Bridge in Duisburg.
For the Kirchentag 2007, the arches of the Hohenzollern Bridge were temporarily partially covered with red cloths, so that the bridge represented a stylized fish (the symbol of the Kirchentag).
Since late summer 2008, the custom of love padlocks, which originated in Italy, has been placed on the bridge. The question of the weight and number of them, which occasionally arises in this context, was answered differently; estimates are said to range between two (April 2011)[5] and 15 tons (September 2011)[5] with a number of allegedly 40,000 love padlocks. The German Bahn saw no danger for the bridge statics with both weights. In June 2015, the number of locks was estimated at 500,000.[6]
At the eastern bridgehead on the Deutz side, the German Alpine Association has been maintaining a public climbing facility with a wall area of around 850m2 since 1998.
The Hohenzollern Bridge (center) about six weeks after its destruction in 1945
The Hohenzollern Bridge (right) seen at night from the right (east) bank of the Rhine at Deutz.
^ abDB Bahn: Hauptbahnhof Köln – Drehkreuz des Westen (in German)
^Lothar Hammer: Köln: Die Hohenzollernbrücke und die deutsche Brückenarchitektur der Kaiserzeit. S. 31,90,97. (Abweichende Datumsangaben in Helmut Fußbroich: Gedenktafeln in Köln mit Bezug auf Ulrich Krings: Der Kölner Hauptbahnhof, Landeskonservator Rheinland, Arbeitshefte, Bd. 22, S. 37)
^ ab"Liebesschlösser keine Gefahr für Hohenzollernbrücke". koeln.de (in German). Retrieved 29 May 2020.
^"Liebesschlösser an der Kölner Hohenzollernbrücke". Kunst und Physik (in German). 7 August 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
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April 09, 2024
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German August 2011 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 091 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Hohenzollernbrucke see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de Hohenzollernbrucke to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Hohenzollern Bridge news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The Hohenzollern Bridge German Hohenzollernbrucke is a bridge crossing the river Rhine in the German city of Cologne German Koln It crosses the Rhine at kilometre 688 5 Originally the bridge was both a railway and road bridge However after its destruction in 1945 and subsequent reconstruction the bridge has been only accessible to rail and pedestrian traffic Hohenzollern BridgeHohenzollernbruckeHohenzollern bridgeCoordinates50 56 29 N 06 57 56 E 50 94139 N 6 96556 E 50 94139 6 96556CarriesTrain and pedestrian traffic 1 CrossesRiver Rhine 1 LocaleCologne North Rhine Westphalia Germany 1 OwnerDeutsche BahnCharacteristicsDesignTied arch bridge 1948 1 MaterialConcrete piers with steel superstructure 1 Total length409 19 metres 1 342 5 ft 1 Width26 2 metres 86 ft deck 1987 1 Longest span167 75 metres 550 4 ft 1 No of spans118 88 metres 390 0 ft 167 75 metres 550 4 ft 122 56 metres 402 1 ft 1987 1 HistoryConstructed byKrupp Maschinen und Stahlbau steel Grun amp Bilfinger and Heinrich Butzer concrete 1946August Klonne and Stahlbau Albert Liesegang steel Philipp Holzmann AG concrete 1956Hein Lehmann amp Co and Krupp Industrietechnik GmbH and Thyssen Engineering GmbH steel 1986 1 Construction start1946 1956 1986Construction end1948 1959 1987Construction costDM 14 000 000 1 LocationHohenzollern BridgeHohenzollernbruckeHohenzollern Bridge with Cologne Cathedral and Museum Ludwig in the backgroundCoordinatessee aboveCrossedRiver RhineLocaleCologne North Rhine Westphalia Germany 2 Preceded byCathedral BridgeCharacteristicsDesignArch bridge with suspended deck 1911 2 Width32 45 metres 106 5 ft deck 2 Longest span167 75 metres 550 4 ft 2 No of spans118 88 metres 390 0 ft 167 75 metres 550 4 ft 122 56 metres 402 1 ft 1911 2 HistoryArchitectFranz Heinrich Schwechten 1911 2 Construction start1907Construction end1911Collapsed6 March 1945 2 It is the most heavily used railway bridge in Germany with more than 1 200 trains crossing daily 3 connecting the Koln Hauptbahnhof and Koln Messe Deutz stations Contents 1 History 2 Trivia 3 See also 4 References 5 Further readingHistory editThe bridge was constructed between 1907 and 1911 after the demolition of old bridge the Cathedral Bridge Dombrucke The Cathedral Bridge was unable to handle the increasing rail traffic imposed by the inauguration of the Koln Hauptbahnhof citation needed The new bridge was named after the House of Hohenzollern the rulers of Prussia and German Emperors At the time Cologne formed part of the Prussian Rhine Province The president of the Railway Directorate Cologne Paul von Breitenbach started planning the construction and handed over this work to his successor Rudolf Schmidt in 1906 The railway engineer Fritz Beermann headed the project under his direction Friedrich Dirksen worked out the designs The construction of the Hohenzollern Bridge took place from 1907 to 1911 Kaiser Wilhelm II inaugurated it on 22 May 1911 4 The bridge consisted of three adjacent bridge parts each with three iron truss arches passage openings in the longitudinal direction to accommodate four railway tracks and a road Although the location of the bridge and of the railway station were already controversial in previous structures the Hohenzollern Bridge adopted the orientation of the previous bridge on the central axis of the cathedral nbsp Friedrich Wilhelm IV north of the ramp on the right bank of the Rhine nbsp Wilhelm I south of the ramp on the right bank of the Rhine Four equestrian statues of Prussian kings and German emperors of the Hohenzollern family flank each ramp The Cathedral Bridge was already adorned with the statues of Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia by sculptor Gustav Blaeser and Kaiser Wilhelm I by Friedrich Drake which now stand on the right east bank of the Rhine see pictures above In addition sculptor Louis Tuaillon made the equestrian statues of Friedrich III and during his lifetime of Wilhelm II which were placed on the left west bank of the Rhine see pictures below The statues symbolize the era of Prussian rule in the Rhine Province nbsp Friedrich III north of the ramp on the left bank of the Rhine nbsp Wilhelm II south of the ramp on the left bank of the Rhine The Hohenzollern Bridge functioned as one of the most important bridges in Germany during World War II 1939 1945 even constant daily airstrikes did not badly damage it On 6 March 1945 German military engineers blew up the bridge as Allied troops began their assault on Cologne After Germany surrendered on 8 May 1945 the bridge was initially made operational on a makeshift basis but soon reconstruction began in earnest By 8 May 1948 pedestrians could again use the Hohenzollern Bridge The southern road traffic decks were removed by whom so that the bridge now only consisted of six individual bridge decks built partly in their old form The surviving portals and bridge towers were not repaired and were demolished in 1958 In 1959 reconstruction of the bridge was completed During the 1980s the bridge was renovated with two new tracks A minimal portion of the old road ramp on the Deutz side was preserved together with cobblestones and tram tracks The rest was removed in connection with the construction of the Kolntriangle development and converted into a pedestrian and bike path The Hohenzollern Bridge now regularly has over 1 200 trains passing through daily 3 The total length of the Hohenzollern Bridge is 409 19 meters 1 342 5 ft Trivia editPart of the Hohenzollern Bridge which was blown up in 1945 was used to rebuild the last Ruhr Bridge the Karl Lehr Bridge in Duisburg For the Kirchentag 2007 the arches of the Hohenzollern Bridge were temporarily partially covered with red cloths so that the bridge represented a stylized fish the symbol of the Kirchentag Since late summer 2008 the custom of love padlocks which originated in Italy has been placed on the bridge The question of the weight and number of them which occasionally arises in this context was answered differently estimates are said to range between two April 2011 5 and 15 tons September 2011 5 with a number of allegedly 40 000 love padlocks The German Bahn saw no danger for the bridge statics with both weights In June 2015 the number of locks was estimated at 500 000 6 At the eastern bridgehead on the Deutz side the German Alpine Association has been maintaining a public climbing facility with a wall area of around 850m2 since 1998 nbsp The Hohenzollern Bridge center about six weeks after its destruction in 1945 nbsp The Hohenzollern Bridge right seen at night from the right east bank of the Rhine at Deutz See also editList of bridges in Germany List of bridges over the RhineReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j k Hohenzollernbrucke 1987 at Structurae a b c d e f g Hohenzollernbrucke 1911 at Structurae a b DB Bahn Hauptbahnhof Koln Drehkreuz des Westen in German Lothar Hammer Koln Die Hohenzollernbrucke und die deutsche Bruckenarchitektur der Kaiserzeit S 31 90 97 Abweichende Datumsangaben in Helmut Fussbroich Gedenktafeln in Koln mit Bezug auf Ulrich Krings Der Kolner Hauptbahnhof Landeskonservator Rheinland Arbeitshefte Bd 22 S 37 a b Liebesschlosser keine Gefahr fur Hohenzollernbrucke koeln de in German Retrieved 29 May 2020 Liebesschlosser an der Kolner Hohenzollernbrucke Kunst und Physik in German 7 August 2015 Retrieved 29 May 2020 Further reading editMakos Adam 2019 Spearhead 1st ed New York Ballantine Books pp 178 214 ISBN 9780804176729 LCCN 2018039460 OL 27342118M nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hohenzollernbrucke Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hohenzollern Bridge amp oldid 1212979196, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
