Hesse-Hanau was a territory in the Holy Roman Empire. It emerged when the former county of Hanau-Münzenberg became a secundogeniture of Hesse-Cassel in 1760. When the reigning count, William IX, also became landgrave of Hesse-Cassel in 1785, the two governments began to merge, although the process was delayed first by French occupation, and later by incorporation into the French satellite duchy of Frankfurt. The incorporation of Hesse-Hanau with Hesse-Cassel was not completed until 1821.
William, Hereditary Prince of Hesse-Cassel and Count of Hesse-Hanau.
When the hereditary prince of Hesse-Cassel, the later Frederick II, converted to Roman Catholicism, his father, the reigning landgrave William VIII decided to do what he could to limit his son's future realm. He therefore made the county of Hanau-Münzenberg, incorporated with Hesse-Cassel in 1736, a secundogeniture of Hesse-Cassel, transferring it to the oldest son of Frederic, the hereditary count William.[1][2]
Sovereignty
Wilhelmsbad was built during the short sovereignty of Hesse-Hanau.
As count William was underage, his mother the landgravine, princess Mary of Great Britain, ruled as his legal guardian. After his access to the throne of Hesse-Cassel in 1760, landgrave Frederick II repeatedly tried to reunite Hesse-Hanau with Hesse-Cassel, but his efforts failed due to the resistance of Great Britain and the Protestantestates. As further protection, troops from Hanover were garrisoned in Hanau. When William came of age in 1764 he took over the government of the county. At the death of Frederick II in 1785, William became landgrave of Hesse-Cassel. The government of Hesse-Hanau remained in general separate from Hesse-Cassel. Cabinet and war office were, however, merged with those in Hesse-Cassel, and the court of appeal of Cassel got jurisdiction over Hanau in 1792.[3] Until then Hesse-Hanau was ruled as an independent state, undergoing extensive modernizations with the erection of significant buildings in the capital of Hanau.[4] Means for this came from the subsidies the reigning count received from his uncle, king George III of Great Britain. In return, Hesse-Hanau made available a contingent of 2,400 soldiers for the use of the British Crown in the American Revolutionary War.[5]
Hesse-Cassel became an electorate in 1803, while Hesse-Hanau became the principality of Hanau. However, in 1806 the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved and Hesse-Cassel was incorporated into the French satellite Kingdom of Westphalia. Hanau came under French military occupation, then in 1810 was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt, another French satellite. It was not until after the German War of Liberation in 1813 that the sovereignty of Hesse-Cassel was restored. The incorporation of Hanau into Hesse-Cassel was, however, not completed until the death of prince-elector William in 1821, and the administrative reforms under his successor William II, when the county became the Landkreis of Hanau.[7]
Arnd, Carl (1858). Geschichte der Provinz Hanau und der unteren Maingegend. Hanau.
Kügler, Detmar (1980). Die deutschen Truppen in amerikanischen Unabhängigleitskrieg. Stuttgart.
Nöding, Caspar (1836). Statistik, Topographie und Geschichte des Landgräflichen und Kurfürstlichen Hauses Hessen-Kassel. Kassel.
Dietrich, Reinhard (1993). " … wegen geführten großen Staats, aber schlechter Zahlung der Schulden …. Zur finanziellen Lage der Grafschaft Hanau im 17. Jahrhundert." Hanauer Geschichtsblätter, 31.
April 29, 2023
hesse, hanau, territory, holy, roman, empire, emerged, when, former, county, hanau, münzenberg, became, secundogeniture, hesse, cassel, 1760, when, reigning, count, william, also, became, landgrave, hesse, cassel, 1785, governments, began, merge, although, pro. Hesse Hanau was a territory in the Holy Roman Empire It emerged when the former county of Hanau Munzenberg became a secundogeniture of Hesse Cassel in 1760 When the reigning count William IX also became landgrave of Hesse Cassel in 1785 the two governments began to merge although the process was delayed first by French occupation and later by incorporation into the French satellite duchy of Frankfurt The incorporation of Hesse Hanau with Hesse Cassel was not completed until 1821 County of Hesse HanauGrafschaft Hessen Hanau1760 1821Coat of armsCapitalHanauGovernmentAbsolute monarchyHistory Established1760 Disestablished1821Preceded by Succeeded byLandgraviate of Hesse Cassel Grand Duchy of FrankfurtElectorate of Hesse Contents 1 Secundogeniture 2 Sovereignty 3 Hesse Hanau Contingent 4 Napoleonic Wars 5 References 5 1 Citations 5 2 Cited literatureSecundogeniture Edit William Hereditary Prince of Hesse Cassel and Count of Hesse Hanau When the hereditary prince of Hesse Cassel the later Frederick II converted to Roman Catholicism his father the reigning landgrave William VIII decided to do what he could to limit his son s future realm He therefore made the county of Hanau Munzenberg incorporated with Hesse Cassel in 1736 a secundogeniture of Hesse Cassel transferring it to the oldest son of Frederic the hereditary count William 1 2 Sovereignty Edit Wilhelmsbad was built during the short sovereignty of Hesse Hanau As count William was underage his mother the landgravine princess Mary of Great Britain ruled as his legal guardian After his access to the throne of Hesse Cassel in 1760 landgrave Frederick II repeatedly tried to reunite Hesse Hanau with Hesse Cassel but his efforts failed due to the resistance of Great Britain and the Protestant estates As further protection troops from Hanover were garrisoned in Hanau When William came of age in 1764 he took over the government of the county At the death of Frederick II in 1785 William became landgrave of Hesse Cassel The government of Hesse Hanau remained in general separate from Hesse Cassel Cabinet and war office were however merged with those in Hesse Cassel and the court of appeal of Cassel got jurisdiction over Hanau in 1792 3 Until then Hesse Hanau was ruled as an independent state undergoing extensive modernizations with the erection of significant buildings in the capital of Hanau 4 Means for this came from the subsidies the reigning count received from his uncle king George III of Great Britain In return Hesse Hanau made available a contingent of 2 400 soldiers for the use of the British Crown in the American Revolutionary War 5 Hesse Hanau Contingent EditMain article Hesse Hanau Troops in the American Revolutionary War The Hesse Hanau contingent in the American Revolutionary War contained the following units 6 Hessen Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz 1776 Hessen Hanauisches Jagerkorps Creutzburg 1777 Hessen Hanauische Artillerie Kompanie Pausch 1777 Hessen Hanauisches Freikorps Janecke 1781Napoleonic Wars EditHesse Cassel became an electorate in 1803 while Hesse Hanau became the principality of Hanau However in 1806 the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved and Hesse Cassel was incorporated into the French satellite Kingdom of Westphalia Hanau came under French military occupation then in 1810 was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt another French satellite It was not until after the German War of Liberation in 1813 that the sovereignty of Hesse Cassel was restored The incorporation of Hanau into Hesse Cassel was however not completed until the death of prince elector William in 1821 and the administrative reforms under his successor William II when the county became the Landkreis of Hanau 7 References EditCitations Edit Noding 1836 pp 231 240 Arnd 1858 pp 347 348 Arnd 1858 pp 348 349 Dietrich 1993 pp 208 211 Kugler 1980 pp 120 158 Hessische Truppen in Amerika Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen Retrieved 2018 01 01 Arnd 1858 pp 349 357 Cited literature Edit Arnd Carl 1858 Geschichte der Provinz Hanau und der unteren Maingegend Hanau Kugler Detmar 1980 Die deutschen Truppen in amerikanischen Unabhangigleitskrieg Stuttgart Noding Caspar 1836 Statistik Topographie und Geschichte des Landgraflichen und Kurfurstlichen Hauses Hessen Kassel Kassel Dietrich Reinhard 1993 wegen gefuhrten grossen Staats aber schlechter Zahlung der Schulden Zur finanziellen Lage der Grafschaft Hanau im 17 Jahrhundert Hanauer Geschichtsblatter 31 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hesse Hanau amp oldid 1142540872, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
