Henry Percy was originally a follower of Edward III of England, for whom he held high offices in the administration of northern England. At a young age, he was made Warden of the Marches towards Scotland in 1362, with the authority to negotiate with the Scottish government. In February 1367, he was entrusted with the supervision of all castles and fortified places in the Scottish marches. He went on to support King Richard II, was formally created an Earl on Richard's coronation in 1377,[2] and was briefly given the title of Marshal of England. Between 1383 and 1384, he was appointed Admiral of the Northern Seas. After Richard elevated his rival Ralph Neville to the position of Earl of Westmorland in 1397, Percy and his son, also Henry and known as "Hotspur", supported the rebellion of Henry Bolingbroke, who became King as Henry IV.
On King Henry IV's coronation, Henry Percy was appointed Constable of England and granted the lordship of the Isle of Man. Percy and Hotspur were given the task of subduing the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr, but their attempts to make peace with the Welsh rebels did not meet with the king's approval.
RebellionEdit
In September 1402 the Percys took part in the Battle of Homildon Hill, which led to the capture of many Scots nobles. Henry did not want them to be ransomed, leading to another quarrel.[3] In 1403 the Percys turned against Henry IV in favour of Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, and then conspired with Owain Glyndŵr against Henry. The Percy rebellion failed at the Battle of Shrewsbury, where Hotspur was killed. Since the earl did not directly participate in the rebellion, he was not convicted of treason. However, he lost his office as Constable.
In 1405 all three parties signed the Tripartite Indenture, which divided England up between them. Glyndŵr was to be given Wales, and a substantial part of the west of England, Northumberland was to have received the north of England, as well as Northamptonshire, Norfolk, Warwickshire, and Leicestershire. The Mortimers were to have received the rest of southern England, below the river Trent.[4]
Later in 1405 Percy supported Richard le Scrope, Archbishop of York, in another rebellion, after which Percy fled to Scotland, and his estates were confiscated by the king.
In 1408 Percy invaded England in rebellion once more and was killed at the Battle of Bramham Moor. His severed head was subsequently put on display at London Bridge.
Canting arms of Lucy of Cockermouth Castle: Gules, three lucies hauriant argent
In 1381, he married Maud Lucy (1343 – 18 December 1398), daughter of Sir Thomas de Lucy, 2nd Baron Lucy, and Margaret de Multon, and thus sister and heiress of Anthony Lucy, 3rd Baron Lucy (died 1368), of Cockermouth Castle, Cumbria, which estate he inherited on condition that he and his heirs male should bear the arms of Lucy (Gules, three lucies hauriant argent) quarterly with their own.[5] They had no issue.
His position as a character in the Shakespearean canon inspired the character of Lord Percy Percy, heir to the duchy of Northumberland in the historical sitcom The Black Adder, set during the very late Plantagenet era.
The novel Lion of Alnwick by Carol Wensby-Scott is the first volume of the Percy Saga trilogy which retells the story of "the wild and brilliant Percy family" and relates a fictionalised account of the lives of the 1st Earl of Northumberland and his son Henry "Hotspur" Percy. The other novels in the trilogy, Lion Dormant and Lion Invincible tell the story of his other descendants and their role in the English War of the Roses.
Henry Percy and his son Hotspur are also essential characters in Edith Pargeter's novel, A Bloody Field by Shrewsbury which recounts the events leading up to the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403.
^Shaw, Wm. A. (1971). The Knights of England: A Complete Record from the Earliest Time to the Present Day of the Knights of All the Orders of Chivalry in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of the Knights Bachelors. Vol. 1. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 3. OCLC 247620448.
henry, percy, earl, northumberland, other, people, with, same, name, henry, percy, disambiguation, baron, percy, titular, king, mann, lord, marshal, november, 1341, february, 1408, henry, percy, baron, percy, descendant, henry, england, mother, mary, lancaster. For other people with the same name see Henry Percy disambiguation Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland 4th Baron Percy titular King of Mann KG 1 Lord Marshal 10 November 1341 20 February 1408 was the son of Henry de Percy 3rd Baron Percy and a descendant of Henry III of England His mother was Mary of Lancaster daughter of Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster son of Edmund Earl of Leicester and Lancaster who was the son of Henry III Henry PercyEarl of Northumberland King of Mann18th century engravingBorn10 November 1341Alnwick Northumberland EnglandDied20 February 1408 1408 02 20 aged 66 Bramham Moor Yorkshire EnglandNoble familyHouse of PercySpouse s Margaret Neville Maud Baroness LucyIssueHarry Hotspur PercySir Thomas PercySir Ralph PercyAlan Percy Margaret PercyFatherHenry de Percy 3rd Baron PercyMotherMary of LancasterAlnwick Castle held by Henry Percy possible birthplace of his son Harry Hotspur Contents 1 Life 2 Rebellion 3 Marriages and issue 4 In literature and media 5 Ancestry 6 References 6 1 Sources 7 Further readingLife Edit nbsp Arms of PercyHenry Percy was originally a follower of Edward III of England for whom he held high offices in the administration of northern England At a young age he was made Warden of the Marches towards Scotland in 1362 with the authority to negotiate with the Scottish government In February 1367 he was entrusted with the supervision of all castles and fortified places in the Scottish marches He went on to support King Richard II was formally created an Earl on Richard s coronation in 1377 2 and was briefly given the title of Marshal of England Between 1383 and 1384 he was appointed Admiral of the Northern Seas After Richard elevated his rival Ralph Neville to the position of Earl of Westmorland in 1397 Percy and his son also Henry and known as Hotspur supported the rebellion of Henry Bolingbroke who became King as Henry IV On King Henry IV s coronation Henry Percy was appointed Constable of England and granted the lordship of the Isle of Man Percy and Hotspur were given the task of subduing the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr but their attempts to make peace with the Welsh rebels did not meet with the king s approval Rebellion EditIn September 1402 the Percys took part in the Battle of Homildon Hill which led to the capture of many Scots nobles Henry did not want them to be ransomed leading to another quarrel 3 In 1403 the Percys turned against Henry IV in favour of Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March and then conspired with Owain Glyndŵr against Henry The Percy rebellion failed at the Battle of Shrewsbury where Hotspur was killed Since the earl did not directly participate in the rebellion he was not convicted of treason However he lost his office as Constable In 1405 all three parties signed the Tripartite Indenture which divided England up between them Glyndŵr was to be given Wales and a substantial part of the west of England Northumberland was to have received the north of England as well as Northamptonshire Norfolk Warwickshire and Leicestershire The Mortimers were to have received the rest of southern England below the river Trent 4 Later in 1405 Percy supported Richard le Scrope Archbishop of York in another rebellion after which Percy fled to Scotland and his estates were confiscated by the king In 1408 Percy invaded England in rebellion once more and was killed at the Battle of Bramham Moor His severed head was subsequently put on display at London Bridge Marriages and issue EditIn 1358 he married Margaret Neville 12 February 1339 12 May 1372 daughter of Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville de Raby and Alice de Audley citation needed They had four sons Harry Hotspur Percy Thomas Ralph and Alan and one daughter Margaret nbsp Canting arms of Lucy of Cockermouth Castle Gules three lucies hauriant argentIn 1381 he married Maud Lucy 1343 18 December 1398 daughter of Sir Thomas de Lucy 2nd Baron Lucy and Margaret de Multon and thus sister and heiress of Anthony Lucy 3rd Baron Lucy died 1368 of Cockermouth Castle Cumbria which estate he inherited on condition that he and his heirs male should bear the arms of Lucy Gules three lucies hauriant argent quarterly with their own 5 They had no issue In literature and media EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed April 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Northumberland is a major character in Shakespeare s Richard II Henry IV part 1 and Henry IV part 2 His position as a character in the Shakespearean canon inspired the character of Lord Percy Percy heir to the duchy of Northumberland in the historical sitcom The Black Adder set during the very late Plantagenet era The novel Lion of Alnwick by Carol Wensby Scott is the first volume of the Percy Saga trilogy which retells the story of the wild and brilliant Percy family and relates a fictionalised account of the lives of the 1st Earl of Northumberland and his son Henry Hotspur Percy The other novels in the trilogy Lion Dormant and Lion Invincible tell the story of his other descendants and their role in the English War of the Roses Henry Percy and his son Hotspur are also essential characters in Edith Pargeter s novel A Bloody Field by Shrewsbury which recounts the events leading up to the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403 He is a major character in My Lord John by Georgette Heyer Ancestry EditAncestors of Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland8 Henry de Percy 1st Baron Percy4 Sir Henry de Percy 2nd Baron Percy9 Eleanor FitzAlan2 Henry de Percy 3rd Baron Percy10 Robert de Clifford 1st Baron de Clifford5 Idoine de Clifford11 Maud de Clare1 Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland12 Edmund Crouchback 1st Earl of Lancaster6 Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster13 Blanche of Artois3 Mary of Lancaster14 Sir Patrick de Chaworth Lord of Kidwelly7 Maud Chaworth15 Isabella de BeauchampReferences Edit Shaw Wm A 1971 The Knights of England A Complete Record from the Earliest Time to the Present Day of the Knights of All the Orders of Chivalry in England Scotland and Ireland and of the Knights Bachelors Vol 1 Baltimore Genealogical Publishing Company p 3 OCLC 247620448 Chisholm 1911 p 787 Chisholm 1911 p 788 Trevor Royle The Wars of the Roses England s First Civil War Abacus 2009 ISBN 978 0 349 11790 4 p 95 Daniel Lysons and Samuel Lysons Cockermouth in Magna Britannia Volume 4 Cumberland London 1816 pp 40 45 http www british history ac uk magna britannia vol4 pp40 45 Sources Edit Rymer Thomas Foedera The Hague 1739 1 Beltz G F Memorials of the most noble Order of the Garter from its foundation to the present time London 1841 2 Doyle J W E The Official Baronage of England London 1886 3 Jean Froissart Chronicles Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Northumberland Earls and Dukes of Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 19 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 787 788 Further reading EditTowson Kris Henry Percy first earl of Northumberland ambition conflict and cooperation in late mediaeval England St Andrews PhD Thesis 2005 Rose Alexander Kings in the North The House of Percy in British History Phoenix Orion Books Ltd 2002 ISBN 1 84212 485 4 722 pages paperback Political officesPreceded byThe Countess of Norfolk Lord Marshal1377 Succeeded byThe Lord MaltraversPeerage of EnglandPreceded byNew Creation Earl of Northumberland1377 1405 Succeeded byforfeit Henry PercyPreceded byHenry de Percy Baron Percy1368 1405 Succeeded byforfeit Henry PercyHead of State of the Isle of ManPreceded byWilliam le Scrope King of Mann1399 1405 Succeeded byJohn I Stanley Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland amp oldid 1167268291, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
