Leaving the service after the war, he studied jurisprudence at Heidelberg, Göttingen and Jena, where he became a member of the Urburschenschaft. In 1819, he went for a while to Geneva to complete his studies. In 1821 he began his official career as a lawyer in the grand-duchy of Hesse, and in 1832 was elected to the second chamber. Already at the universities he had proclaimed his Liberal sympathies as a member of the Burschenschaft, and he now threw himself into open opposition to the unconstitutional spirit of the Hessian government, an attitude which led to his dismissal from the state service in 1833. Henceforth he lived in comparative tiny a farm rented by his father at Monsheim, and occasionally publishing criticisms of public affairs, until the February revolution of 1848 and its echoes in Germany recalled him to active political life. For a short while he was at the head of the new Hessian administration; but his ambition was to share in the creation of a united Germany.[1]
The rise and fall of the 1848 Frankfurt Parliamentedit
At the Heidelberg meeting and the preliminary convention (Vorparlament) of Frankfurt he deeply impressed the assemblies with the breadth and moderation of his views; with the result that when the German national parliament met (18 May), he was elected its first president. His influence was at first paramount, both with the Unionist party and with the more moderate elements of the Left, and it was he who was mainly instrumental in imposing the principle of a united empire with a common parliament, and in carrying the election of the Archduke John as regent. With the growing split between the Great Germans (Grossdeutschen), who wished the new empire to include the Austrian provinces, and the Little Germans (Kleindeutschen), who realized that German unity could only be attained by excluding them, his position was shaken.[1]
On 11 December, when Schmerling and the Austrian members had left the cabinet, Gagern became head of the imperial ministry, and on 18 December he introduced a program (known as the Gagernsche Program) according to which Austria was to be excluded from the new federal state, but bound to it by a treaty of union. After a severe struggle this proposal was accepted; but the academic discussion on the constitution continued for weary months, and on 20 May, realizing the hopelessness of coming to terms with the ultra-democrats, Gagern and his friends resigned.
Later careeredit
Later on he attempted to influence the Prussian Northern Union in the direction of the national policy, and he took part in the sessions of the Erfurt parliament; but, soon, realizing the hopelessness of any good results from the vacillating policy of Prussia, he retired from the contest, and, as a major in the service of the Schleswig-Holstein government, took part in the First Schleswig War of 1850. After the war he retired into private life at Heidelberg. In 1862, misled by the constitutional tendency of Austrian politics, he publicly declared in favor of the Great German party. In 1864 he went as Hessian envoy to Vienna, retiring in 1872 when the post was abolished. He died at Darmstadt in 1880.[1]
Referencesedit
^ abcdOne or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Gagern, Hans Christoph Ernst, Baron von s.v. Heinrich Wilhelm August". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 386–387.
G. Kaufmann (1904), "Gagern, Heinrich Freiherr von", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 49, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 654–676
Frank Möller: Heinrich von Gagern. Eine Biographie. Habilitationsschrift, Universität Jena 2004
Frank Möller: Heinrich von Gagern. Charisma und Charakter, in: Derselbe (Hg.): Charismatische Führer der deutschen Nation. München 2004, S. 43-62
Paul Wentzcke (1964), "Gagern, Heinrich Freiherr von", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 6, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 32–36
Paul Wentzcke: Heinrich von Gagern. Vorkämpfer für deutsche Einheit und Volksvertretung. Musterschmidt-Verlag, Göttingen 1957
Minister President of the German Empire 15 December 1848 – 20 May 1849
Succeeded by
Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor of the North German Confederation (1867)
April 05, 2024
heinrich, gagern, heinrich, wilhelm, august, freiherr, gagern, august, 1799, 1880, statesman, argued, unification, germany, 1848tomb, alter, friedhof, darmstadt, germany, contents, early, career, rise, fall, 1848, frankfurt, parliament, later, career, referenc. Heinrich Wilhelm August Freiherr von Gagern 20 August 1799 22 May 1880 was a statesman who argued for the unification of Germany Heinrich von Gagern in 1848Tomb of Heinrich von Gagern in the Alter Friedhof in Darmstadt Germany Contents 1 Early career 2 The rise and fall of the 1848 Frankfurt Parliament 3 Later career 4 References 5 External linksEarly career editThe third son of Hans Christoph Ernst Baron von Gagern a liberal statesman from Nassau Heinrich von Gagern was born at Bayreuth educated at the military academy at Munich and as an officer in the service of the duke of Nassau fought at Waterloo 1 Leaving the service after the war he studied jurisprudence at Heidelberg Gottingen and Jena where he became a member of the Urburschenschaft In 1819 he went for a while to Geneva to complete his studies In 1821 he began his official career as a lawyer in the grand duchy of Hesse and in 1832 was elected to the second chamber Already at the universities he had proclaimed his Liberal sympathies as a member of the Burschenschaft and he now threw himself into open opposition to the unconstitutional spirit of the Hessian government an attitude which led to his dismissal from the state service in 1833 Henceforth he lived in comparative tiny a farm rented by his father at Monsheim and occasionally publishing criticisms of public affairs until the February revolution of 1848 and its echoes in Germany recalled him to active political life For a short while he was at the head of the new Hessian administration but his ambition was to share in the creation of a united Germany 1 The rise and fall of the 1848 Frankfurt Parliament editAt the Heidelberg meeting and the preliminary convention Vorparlament of Frankfurt he deeply impressed the assemblies with the breadth and moderation of his views with the result that when the German national parliament met 18 May he was elected its first president His influence was at first paramount both with the Unionist party and with the more moderate elements of the Left and it was he who was mainly instrumental in imposing the principle of a united empire with a common parliament and in carrying the election of the Archduke John as regent With the growing split between the Great Germans Grossdeutschen who wished the new empire to include the Austrian provinces and the Little Germans Kleindeutschen who realized that German unity could only be attained by excluding them his position was shaken 1 On 11 December when Schmerling and the Austrian members had left the cabinet Gagern became head of the imperial ministry and on 18 December he introduced a program known as the Gagernsche Program according to which Austria was to be excluded from the new federal state but bound to it by a treaty of union After a severe struggle this proposal was accepted but the academic discussion on the constitution continued for weary months and on 20 May realizing the hopelessness of coming to terms with the ultra democrats Gagern and his friends resigned Later career editLater on he attempted to influence the Prussian Northern Union in the direction of the national policy and he took part in the sessions of the Erfurt parliament but soon realizing the hopelessness of any good results from the vacillating policy of Prussia he retired from the contest and as a major in the service of the Schleswig Holstein government took part in the First Schleswig War of 1850 After the war he retired into private life at Heidelberg In 1862 misled by the constitutional tendency of Austrian politics he publicly declared in favor of the Great German party In 1864 he went as Hessian envoy to Vienna retiring in 1872 when the post was abolished He died at Darmstadt in 1880 1 References edit a b c d nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Gagern Hans Christoph Ernst Baron von s v Heinrich Wilhelm August Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 11 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 386 387 G Kaufmann 1904 Gagern Heinrich Freiherr von Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie in German vol 49 Leipzig Duncker amp Humblot pp 654 676 Frank Moller Heinrich von Gagern Eine Biographie Habilitationsschrift Universitat Jena 2004 Frank Moller Heinrich von Gagern Charisma und Charakter in Derselbe Hg Charismatische Fuhrer der deutschen Nation Munchen 2004 S 43 62 Paul Wentzcke 1964 Gagern Heinrich Freiherr von Neue Deutsche Biographie in German vol 6 Berlin Duncker amp Humblot pp 32 36 Paul Wentzcke Heinrich von Gagern Vorkampfer fur deutsche Einheit und Volksvertretung Musterschmidt Verlag Gottingen 1957External links edit Gagern Heinrich Wilhelm August Baron von New International Encyclopedia 1906 Preceded byAnton von Schmerling Minister President of the German Empire15 December 1848 20 May 1849 Succeeded byOtto von Bismarckas Chancellor of the North German Confederation 1867 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Heinrich von Gagern amp oldid 1165146832, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
