Hagia Sophia (lit. 'the Holy Wisdom'; Ancient Greek: Ἁγία Σοφία, romanized: Hagía Sophía; Turkish: Ayasofya) in İznik (Nicaea) in Bursa Province, Turkey, was built as a Byzantine-era basilican church.[1] Converted into the Orhan Mosque (Turkish: Orhan Camii) after the Ottoman conquest, it was turned into a museum in 1935. The church is now once again in service as a mosque.[2] It is in the town centre of İznik, within the old walled area.
The first church built on the site was constructed in the 4th century.[1] The church was later rebuilt under the patronage of Emperor Justinian I in the mid-6th century.[3] In 787, it hosted the Second Council of Nicaea, which officially ended the first period of Byzantine Iconoclasm.[4][5] The Justinian-era church was destroyed by an earthquake in the 11th century and the present structure was erected around 1065 over the ruins of the older one.[1]
The Church of Hagia Sophia was converted into the Orhan Mosque following the fall of Nicaea to the Ottoman Turks led by Orhan Ghazi in 1331. It continued to operate as a mosque until 1935, when it was designated as a museum under the regime of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.[6] In November 2011 it was again converted into a mosque.[2]
Architectureedit
Remains of the Hagia Sophia in 1962 (photo by Paolo Monti)
The current basilican structure, much of which dates to the 1065 reconstruction of the church, consists of a central nave with two side aisles. Prior to its remodelling under the Ottomans, the church had two rows of triple arcades on columns that carried a clerestory wall with five windows.[7] Following the building's conversion to a mosque in the 14th century, it underwent renovations that included the addition of a mihrab. During the 16th-century reign of Süleyman the Magnificent, the church was restored after a disastrous fire and a minaret was constructed.[8] The architect Mimar Sinan was also commissioned around this time to design decorations to adorn the walls of the mosque.[1]
The restoration (or rebuilding) of such a historic church so that it could be reused as a mosque was - and remains - very controversial. The work was carried out between 2007 and 2011.[9]
Galleryedit
Front of Hagia Sophia in İznik
Exterior of Hagia Sophia in İznik
Opus sectile floor in entrance of Hagia Sophia in İznik
^ ab"The Church That Politics Turned Into a Mosque". International Herald Tribune. 9 February 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2017 – via The New York Times.
^Möllers, Sabine (1994). Die Hagia Sophia in Iznik, Nikaia. Alter: Verlag und Datenbank für Geisteswissenschaften.
hagia, sophia, iznik, other, uses, hagia, sophia, disambiguation, hagia, sophia, holy, wisdom, ancient, greek, Ἁγία, Σοφία, romanized, hagía, sophía, turkish, ayasofya, iznik, nicaea, bursa, province, turkey, built, byzantine, basilican, church, converted, int. For other uses see Hagia Sophia disambiguation Hagia Sophia lit the Holy Wisdom Ancient Greek Ἁgia Sofia romanized Hagia Sophia Turkish Ayasofya in Iznik Nicaea in Bursa Province Turkey was built as a Byzantine era basilican church 1 Converted into the Orhan Mosque Turkish Orhan Camii after the Ottoman conquest it was turned into a museum in 1935 The church is now once again in service as a mosque 2 It is in the town centre of Iznik within the old walled area Hagia SophiaἉgia Sofia Greek Ayasofya Turkish A view of the Hagia Sophia of Nicaea after restoration in 2012 LocationIznik TurkeyTypeByzantine Christian Church Mosque 1331 Museum 1935 MaterialRoman brickBeginning date325 1699 years ago 325 Completion date1065 959 years ago 1065 Dedicated toThe Holy Wisdom a reference to the second person of the Trinity or Jesus ChristWebsiteOfficial website Contents 1 History 2 Architecture 3 Gallery 4 See also 5 ReferencesHistory editThe first church built on the site was constructed in the 4th century 1 The church was later rebuilt under the patronage of Emperor Justinian I in the mid 6th century 3 In 787 it hosted the Second Council of Nicaea which officially ended the first period of Byzantine Iconoclasm 4 5 The Justinian era church was destroyed by an earthquake in the 11th century and the present structure was erected around 1065 over the ruins of the older one 1 The Church of Hagia Sophia was converted into the Orhan Mosque following the fall of Nicaea to the Ottoman Turks led by Orhan Ghazi in 1331 It continued to operate as a mosque until 1935 when it was designated as a museum under the regime of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 6 In November 2011 it was again converted into a mosque 2 Architecture edit nbsp Remains of the Hagia Sophia in 1962 photo by Paolo Monti The current basilican structure much of which dates to the 1065 reconstruction of the church consists of a central nave with two side aisles Prior to its remodelling under the Ottomans the church had two rows of triple arcades on columns that carried a clerestory wall with five windows 7 Following the building s conversion to a mosque in the 14th century it underwent renovations that included the addition of a mihrab During the 16th century reign of Suleyman the Magnificent the church was restored after a disastrous fire and a minaret was constructed 8 The architect Mimar Sinan was also commissioned around this time to design decorations to adorn the walls of the mosque 1 The restoration or rebuilding of such a historic church so that it could be reused as a mosque was and remains very controversial The work was carried out between 2007 and 2011 9 Gallery edit nbsp Front of Hagia Sophia in Iznik nbsp Exterior of Hagia Sophia in Iznik nbsp Opus sectile floor in entrance of Hagia Sophia in Iznik nbsp Interior of Hagia Sophia in Iznik nbsp Synthronon in choir area of Hagia Sophia in Iznik nbsp View of secondary dome in Hagia Sophia in Iznik nbsp Fresco in Hagia Sophia in IznikSee also editConversion of non Islamic places of worship into mosques Hagia Sophia Istanbul Second Council of NicaeaReferences edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hagia Sophia Nicaea a b c d Iznik UNESCO World Heritage Centre a b The Church That Politics Turned Into a Mosque International Herald Tribune 9 February 2012 Retrieved 12 February 2017 via The New York Times Mollers Sabine 1994 Die Hagia Sophia in Iznik Nikaia Alter Verlag und Datenbank fur Geisteswissenschaften Hagia Sophia in Nicaea The Byzantine Legacy Noble Thomas F X 2012 Images Iconoclasm and the Carolingians Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press Hagia Sophia in Iznik Historical Church Turned Mosque June 14 2018 Richard Krautheimer Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture 4th edition 1986 p365 Hagia Sophia a mosque of conquest in Iznik Hurriyet Daily News Ayasofya Orhan Camiisindeki restorasyon sorunlari ufak tefekmis haberi Arkeolojik Haber Retrieved 2022 08 30 40 25 46 N 29 43 13 E 40 42944 N 29 72028 E 40 42944 29 72028 nbsp This article about a mosque or other Islamic place of worship in Turkey is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This article about a church building or other Christian place of worship in Turkey is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This Byzantine Empire related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hagia Sophia Iznik amp oldid 1198395292, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
