This gene encodes a member of the SWI/SNF family. Members of this family have helicase and ATPase activities and are thought to regulate transcription of certain genes by altering the chromatin structure around those genes. The encoded protein contains a RING finger DNA binding motif. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. However, use of an alternative translation start site produces an isoform that is truncated at the N-terminus compared to the full-length protein.[6]
HLTF is a double-stranded DNA translocase, one of two human homologs of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeRAD5 besides SHPRH (SNF2 histone linker PHD RING helicase), that is able to carry out fork regression, similarly to Rad5.[7]
Interactionsedit
HLTF has been shown to interact with UBE2N,[8]RAD18[8] and UBE2V2[8](see also STRING functional and physical associations network : under the option 'search by name' enter 'protein name' of interest, HLTF, klick on 'GO! ', choose 'organism ', klick on 'continue ->' ).
Referencesedit
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000071794 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002428 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Lin Y, Sheridan PL, Jones KA, Evans GA (Nov 1995). "The HIP116 SNF2/SW12-related transcription factor gene (SNF2L3) is located on human chromosome 3q25.1-q26.1". Genomics. 27 (2): 381–2. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1064. PMID 7558014.
^Unk I, Hajdú I, Blastyák A, Haracska L (Jan 2010). "Role of yeast Rad5 and its human orthologs, HLTF and SHPRH in DNA damage tolerance". DNA Repair (Amst). 9 (3): 257–67. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.12.013. PMID 20096653.
^ abcUnk I, Hajdú I, Fátyol K, Hurwitz J, Yoon JH, Prakash L, Prakash S, Haracska L (March 2008). "Human HLTF functions as a ubiquitin ligase for proliferating cell nuclear antigen polyubiquitination". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (10): 3768–73. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.3768U. doi:10.1073/pnas.0800563105. PMC2268824. PMID 18316726.
Further readingedit
Sheridan PL, Schorpp M, Voz ML, Jones KA (1995). "Cloning of an SNF2/SWI2-related protein that binds specifically to the SPH motifs of the SV40 enhancer and to the HIV-1 promoter". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (9): 4575–87. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.9.4575. PMID 7876228.
Descheemaeker K (1993). "On the regulation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene expression". Verh. K. Acad. Geneeskd. Belg. 55 (3): 225–64. PMID 8342330.
Ding H, Descheemaeker K, Marynen P, et al. (1996). "Characterization of a helicase-like transcription factor involved in the expression of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene". DNA Cell Biol. 15 (6): 429–42. doi:10.1089/dna.1996.15.429. PMID 8672239.
Gong X, Kaushal S, Ceccarelli E, et al. (1997). "Developmental regulation of Zbu1, a DNA-binding member of the SWI2/SNF2 family". Dev. Biol. 183 (2): 166–82. doi:10.1006/dbio.1996.8486. PMID 9126292.
Ding H, Benotmane AM, Suske G, et al. (1999). "Functional interactions between Sp1 or Sp3 and the helicase-like transcription factor mediate basal expression from the human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (28): 19573–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.28.19573. PMID 10391891.
Mansharamani M, Hewetson A, Chilton BS (2001). "Cloning and characterization of an atypical Type IV P-type ATPase that binds to the RING motif of RUSH transcription factors". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (5): 3641–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004231200. PMID 11058586.
Shaheduzzaman S, Krishnan V, Petrovic A, et al. (2002). "Effects of HIV-1 Nef on cellular gene expression profiles". J. Biomed. Sci. 9 (1): 82–96. doi:10.1007/BF02256581. PMID 11810028.
Moinova HR, Chen WD, Shen L, et al. (2002). "HLTF gene silencing in human colon cancer". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (7): 4562–7. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.4562M. doi:10.1073/pnas.062459899. PMC123687. PMID 11904375.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC139241. PMID 12477932.
Leung WK, Yu J, Bai AH, et al. (2003). "Inactivation of helicase-like transcription factor by promoter hypermethylation in human gastric cancer". Mol. Carcinog. 37 (2): 91–7. doi:10.1002/mc.10124. PMID 12766908. S2CID 46627646.
Hamai Y, Oue N, Mitani Y, et al. (2004). "DNA hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation of the HLTF gene are associated with reduced expression in gastric carcinoma". Cancer Sci. 94 (8): 692–8. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01504.x. PMID 12901794. S2CID 27311901.
Goehler H, Lalowski M, Stelzl U, et al. (2004). "A protein interaction network links GIT1, an enhancer of huntingtin aggregation, to Huntington's disease". Mol. Cell. 15 (6): 853–65. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.09.016. PMID 15383276.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC528928. PMID 15489334.
hltf, helicase, like, transcription, factor, enzyme, that, humans, encoded, gene, available, structurespdbortholog, search, pdbe, rcsblist, codes2mzn, 4hre, 4hrh, 4s0n, 4xzf, 4xzg, 5bnh, 5k5fidentifiersaliases, hip116, hip116a, rnf80, smarca3, snf2l3, zbu1, he. Helicase like transcription factor is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HLTF gene 5 6 HLTFAvailable structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes2MZN 4HRE 4HRH 4S0N 4XZF 4XZG 5BNH 5K5FIdentifiersAliasesHLTF HIP116 HIP116A HLTF1 RNF80 SMARCA3 SNF2L3 ZBU1 helicase like transcription factor helicase like transcription factorExternal IDsOMIM 603257 MGI 1196437 HomoloGene 30136 GeneCards HLTF OMA HLTF orthologsGene location Human Chr Chromosome 3 human 1 Band3q24Start149 030 127 bp 1 End149 086 554 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 3 mouse 2 Band3 A2 3 6 15 cMStart20 111 975 bp 2 End20 172 654 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed inponssubthalamic nucleussuperior vestibular nucleusexternal globus palliduscerebellar vermisretinal pigment epitheliumcorpus callosuminferior ganglion of vagus nerveAchilles tendonventral tegmental areaTop expressed insacculeotic placodehabenulaatrioventricular valveretinal pigment epitheliumbloodprimitive streaklacrimal glandseminal vesiculaspleenMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionDNA binding nucleotide binding helicase activity zinc ion binding DNA binding transcription activator activity RNA polymerase II specific metal ion binding RNA polymerase II cis regulatory region sequence specific DNA binding hydrolase activity acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus containing anhydrides ATPase activity protein binding catalytic activity nucleic acid binding hydrolase activity ATP binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding transferase activity RNA binding ubiquitin protein ligase activityCellular componentcytoplasm membrane nucleolus nucleus nucleoplasmBiological processregulation of transcription DNA templated regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription DNA templated metabolism positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II protein ubiquitination chromatin organizationSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez659620585EnsemblENSG00000071794ENSMUSG00000002428UniProtQ14527Q6PCN7RefSeq mRNA NM 003071NM 139048NM 001318934NM 001318935NM 009210NM 144959NM 001355097RefSeq protein NP 001305863NP 001305864NP 003062NP 620636NP 033236NP 001342026Location UCSC Chr 3 149 03 149 09 MbChr 3 20 11 20 17 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Function 2 Interactions 3 References 4 Further readingFunction editThis gene encodes a member of the SWI SNF family Members of this family have helicase and ATPase activities and are thought to regulate transcription of certain genes by altering the chromatin structure around those genes The encoded protein contains a RING finger DNA binding motif Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene However use of an alternative translation start site produces an isoform that is truncated at the N terminus compared to the full length protein 6 HLTF is a double stranded DNA translocase one of two human homologs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD5 besides SHPRH SNF2 histone linker PHD RING helicase that is able to carry out fork regression similarly to Rad5 7 Interactions editHLTF has been shown to interact with UBE2N 8 RAD18 8 and UBE2V2 8 see also STRING functional and physical associations network under the option search by name enter protein name of interest HLTF klick on GO choose organism klick on continue gt References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000071794 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000002428 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Lin Y Sheridan PL Jones KA Evans GA Nov 1995 The HIP116 SNF2 SW12 related transcription factor gene SNF2L3 is located on human chromosome 3q25 1 q26 1 Genomics 27 2 381 2 doi 10 1006 geno 1995 1064 PMID 7558014 a b Entrez Gene HLTF helicase like transcription factor Unk I Hajdu I Blastyak A Haracska L Jan 2010 Role of yeast Rad5 and its human orthologs HLTF and SHPRH in DNA damage tolerance DNA Repair Amst 9 3 257 67 doi 10 1016 j dnarep 2009 12 013 PMID 20096653 a b c Unk I Hajdu I Fatyol K Hurwitz J Yoon JH Prakash L Prakash S Haracska L March 2008 Human HLTF functions as a ubiquitin ligase for proliferating cell nuclear antigen polyubiquitination Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105 10 3768 73 Bibcode 2008PNAS 105 3768U doi 10 1073 pnas 0800563105 PMC 2268824 PMID 18316726 Further reading editSheridan PL Schorpp M Voz ML Jones KA 1995 Cloning of an SNF2 SWI2 related protein that binds specifically to the SPH motifs of the SV40 enhancer and to the HIV 1 promoter J Biol Chem 270 9 4575 87 doi 10 1074 jbc 270 9 4575 PMID 7876228 Descheemaeker K 1993 On the regulation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene expression Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg 55 3 225 64 PMID 8342330 Ding H Descheemaeker K Marynen P et al 1996 Characterization of a helicase like transcription factor involved in the expression of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene DNA Cell Biol 15 6 429 42 doi 10 1089 dna 1996 15 429 PMID 8672239 Gong X Kaushal S Ceccarelli E et al 1997 Developmental regulation of Zbu1 a DNA binding member of the SWI2 SNF2 family Dev Biol 183 2 166 82 doi 10 1006 dbio 1996 8486 PMID 9126292 Ding H Benotmane AM Suske G et al 1999 Functional interactions between Sp1 or Sp3 and the helicase like transcription factor mediate basal expression from the human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene J Biol Chem 274 28 19573 80 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 28 19573 PMID 10391891 Mansharamani M Hewetson A Chilton BS 2001 Cloning and characterization of an atypical Type IV P type ATPase that binds to the RING motif of RUSH transcription factors J Biol Chem 276 5 3641 9 doi 10 1074 jbc M004231200 PMID 11058586 Shaheduzzaman S Krishnan V Petrovic A et al 2002 Effects of HIV 1 Nef on cellular gene expression profiles J Biomed Sci 9 1 82 96 doi 10 1007 BF02256581 PMID 11810028 Moinova HR Chen WD Shen L et al 2002 HLTF gene silencing in human colon cancer Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 7 4562 7 Bibcode 2002PNAS 99 4562M doi 10 1073 pnas 062459899 PMC 123687 PMID 11904375 Strausberg RL Feingold EA Grouse LH et al 2003 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15 000 full length human and mouse cDNA sequences Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 26 16899 903 Bibcode 2002PNAS 9916899M doi 10 1073 pnas 242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 Leung WK Yu J Bai AH et al 2003 Inactivation of helicase like transcription factor by promoter hypermethylation in human gastric cancer Mol Carcinog 37 2 91 7 doi 10 1002 mc 10124 PMID 12766908 S2CID 46627646 Hamai Y Oue N Mitani Y et al 2004 DNA hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation of the HLTF gene are associated with reduced expression in gastric carcinoma Cancer Sci 94 8 692 8 doi 10 1111 j 1349 7006 2003 tb01504 x PMID 12901794 S2CID 27311901 Goehler H Lalowski M Stelzl U et al 2004 A protein interaction network links GIT1 an enhancer of huntingtin aggregation to Huntington s disease Mol Cell 15 6 853 65 doi 10 1016 j molcel 2004 09 016 PMID 15383276 Gerhard DS Wagner L Feingold EA et al 2004 The status quality and expansion of the NIH full length cDNA project the Mammalian Gene Collection MGC Genome Res 14 10B 2121 7 doi 10 1101 gr 2596504 PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 Andersen JS Lam YW Leung AK et al 2005 Nucleolar proteome dynamics Nature 433 7021 77 83 Bibcode 2005Natur 433 77A doi 10 1038 nature03207 PMID 15635413 S2CID 4344740 Olsen JV Blagoev B Gnad F et al 2006 Global in vivo and site specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks Cell 127 3 635 48 doi 10 1016 j cell 2006 09 026 PMID 17081983 S2CID 7827573 Fukuoka T Hibi K Nakao A 2006 Aberrant methylation is frequently observed in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Anticancer Res 26 5A 3333 5 PMID 17094449 nbsp This article on 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