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Gustav Eberlein

August 18, 2023

Gustav Heinrich Eberlein (14 July 1847, Spiekershausen (near Staufenberg) - 5 February 1926, Berlin[1]) was a German sculptor, painter and writer.[2]

Gustav Eberlein (before 1900)

Life

He was the son of a border guard. At the age of eight, his family moved to Hannoversch Münden, which would be his home for the remainder of his life, despite many years spent elsewhere. His parents lacked the money to provide him with formal artistic training, so he obtained instruction wherever possible, especially from the local goldsmith.[3] In 1866, thanks to the patronage of a pastor who had recognized his talents, he was able to attend the Academy of Fine Arts in Nuremberg. In 1869, he went to Berlin on a scholarship. Three years later, another scholarship enabled him to study in Rome.[4]

Upon his return to Berlin, he received significant support from Martin Gropius. Despite growing success, the next decade was difficult. His three-year-old son died in 1882, then his mother in 1888. This was followed by a divorce in 1891.[4] A year later, he married the Countess Maria von Hertzberg, an aspiring young artist, and was appointed a Professor at the Prussian Academy of Arts the year after that.[3]

In 1900, he came out in strong opposition to the "Lex Heinze" (which, among other things, banned the display of "immoral" art works). That same year, all but a few of his figures were removed from display at the Great Berlin Exhibition, not only because of the law but also, probably, because of his support for French and Belgian sculptors (such as Rodin and Meunier).[4] In fact, as tensions between Germany and its western neighbors grew, Eberlein's outspoken advocacy of peace and disarmament caused him to lose his public commissions.

Later career

 
Tomb at Alter St.-Matthäus-Kirchhof

He was able to find work elsewhere, notably in South America,[3] but his finances never recovered and he was divorced for a second time in 1912. The following year, he auctioned off most of his possessions in anticipation of emigrating, but those plans were put off because of World War I. He received some orders during the war and created a small museum at his studios in Berlin but, after the war, criticism was renewed; especially for his creating a statue of Karl Marx at the same time he was doing one of the former Kaiser. He was especially well known for his small figures and portrait sculpture and produced over 900 works. The majority of his larger bronze monuments were melted down during World War II. Most of his 300 original plaster models were disposed of by the city of Münden after his death. In 1962, work related to a construction project revealed approximately 80 figures and 11 paintings that were preserved and restored between 1983 and 1989. Many are now in the collection of the Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin.

He was able to avert destitution only by adopting his housemaid as his daughter, ensuring that he would be cared for by her family.[4] By the time of his death, he was nearly forgotten. He was buried at the Alter St.-Matthäus-Kirchhof in Berlin.[5]

Selected major works

Group 26; consisting of Frederick I of Prussia as the central figure, flanked by Andreas Schlüter and Eberhard von Danckelmann.
Group 30; with Frederick William III of Prussia as the central figure, flanked by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher and Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein.
  •  

    Germania statue in Bad Düben

  •  

    Richard Wagner Monument, Berlin

  •  

    Kaiser Wilhelm Monument
    in Krefeld

  •  

    Goethe Monument in Rome

  •  

    Frederick I, from the Siegesallee

  •  

    "The Battle"; figure from the Monument to San Martín

Notes

  1. ^ Photo and history of the German Fountain are available from Edulabbe (28 February 2004). "The German Fountain". Santiago de Chile Daily Photo. Retrieved 17 March 2018.

References

  1. ^ Gustav-Eberlein-Forschung e.V. [Gustav Eberlein Research Association]. "Der Verein" [About the association] (in German). Hann. Münden, Germany: Author. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
  2. ^ Bibliography @ Gustav Eberlein Forschung e.V.
  3. ^ a b c HNA Regiowiki: Biography of Eberlein
  4. ^ a b c d Biography @ Gustav Eberelein Forschung e.V.
  5. ^ "Gustav Heinrich Eberlein". Find A Grave. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
  6. ^ La Paz, Ilustracion Artistica, Volume 16, page 837.

Further reading

  • "As a German sculptor views New York's architecture". The American Architect and Building News. James R. Osgood & Company. 94 (1706): 78–79. 1908.
  • Bénézit, Emmanuel (1924). "Eberlein, Gustav". Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs & graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays [Benezit Dictionary of Artists] (in French). Paris: Éditions Gründ.
  • "Eberlein, Gustav Heinrich". Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon [Artists of the World]. 1 December 2016. ISSN 1865-0511. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |journal= ignored (help) Alternate URL
  • Wheeler, Edward J., ed. (1908). "Gustav Eberlein: Art ambassador of the Kaiser". Current Literature. 44 (2): 167–171.
  • Meißner, Günter, ed. (2002). "Eberlein, Gustav Heinrich". Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon: die Bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker [General dictionary of artists: The visual artists of all times and peoples] (in German). Vol. 31. München: K. G. Saur. p. 561ff. ISBN 978-3-598-22771-4.
  • Rosenberg, Adolf (1903). Eberlein. Künstler-Monographien (in German). Bielefeld & Leipzig, Germany: Velhagen & Klasing.
  • Thieme, U.; Becker, F., eds. (1913). "Eberlein, Gustav (Heinrich)". Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart [General dictionary of artists from antiquity to the present] (in German). Vol. 10. Leipzig: E. A. Seemann. p. 303f.
  • Vollmer, Hans (1955). Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler des XX [General dictionary of artists of the 20th century] (in German). Vol. 2: E-J. E. A. Seemann.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gustav Eberlein.
  • Literature by and about Gustav Eberlein in the German National Library catalogue
  • Homepage of Gustav Eberlein Forschung e.V.

August 18, 2023
gustav, eberlein, gustav, heinrich, eberlein, july, 1847, spiekershausen, near, staufenberg, february, 1926, berlin, german, sculptor, painter, writer, before, 1900, contents, life, later, career, selected, major, works, notes, references, further, reading, ex. Gustav Heinrich Eberlein 14 July 1847 Spiekershausen near Staufenberg 5 February 1926 Berlin 1 was a German sculptor painter and writer 2 Gustav Eberlein before 1900 Contents 1 Life 1 1 Later career 2 Selected major works 3 Notes 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksLife EditHe was the son of a border guard At the age of eight his family moved to Hannoversch Munden which would be his home for the remainder of his life despite many years spent elsewhere His parents lacked the money to provide him with formal artistic training so he obtained instruction wherever possible especially from the local goldsmith 3 In 1866 thanks to the patronage of a pastor who had recognized his talents he was able to attend the Academy of Fine Arts in Nuremberg In 1869 he went to Berlin on a scholarship Three years later another scholarship enabled him to study in Rome 4 Upon his return to Berlin he received significant support from Martin Gropius Despite growing success the next decade was difficult His three year old son died in 1882 then his mother in 1888 This was followed by a divorce in 1891 4 A year later he married the Countess Maria von Hertzberg an aspiring young artist and was appointed a Professor at the Prussian Academy of Arts the year after that 3 In 1900 he came out in strong opposition to the Lex Heinze which among other things banned the display of immoral art works That same year all but a few of his figures were removed from display at the Great Berlin Exhibition not only because of the law but also probably because of his support for French and Belgian sculptors such as Rodin and Meunier 4 In fact as tensions between Germany and its western neighbors grew Eberlein s outspoken advocacy of peace and disarmament caused him to lose his public commissions Later career Edit Tomb at Alter St Matthaus KirchhofHe was able to find work elsewhere notably in South America 3 but his finances never recovered and he was divorced for a second time in 1912 The following year he auctioned off most of his possessions in anticipation of emigrating but those plans were put off because of World War I He received some orders during the war and created a small museum at his studios in Berlin but after the war criticism was renewed especially for his creating a statue of Karl Marx at the same time he was doing one of the former Kaiser He was especially well known for his small figures and portrait sculpture and produced over 900 works The majority of his larger bronze monuments were melted down during World War II Most of his 300 original plaster models were disposed of by the city of Munden after his death In 1962 work related to a construction project revealed approximately 80 figures and 11 paintings that were preserved and restored between 1983 and 1989 Many are now in the collection of the Deutsches Historisches Museum Berlin He was able to avert destitution only by adopting his housemaid as his daughter ensuring that he would be cared for by her family 4 By the time of his death he was nearly forgotten He was buried at the Alter St Matthaus Kirchhof in Berlin 5 Selected major works EditAltona Germany The Peace 1 6 Berlin Tiergarten Richard Wagner and Albert Lortzing monuments Berlin Tiergarten Figures for the Siegesallee Victory Avenue project of Wilhelm II He did two groups Group 26 consisting of Frederick I of Prussia as the central figure flanked by Andreas Schluter and Eberhard von Danckelmann Group 30 with Frederick William III of Prussia as the central figure flanked by Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher and Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein Buenos Aires Monument to General Jose de San Martin and the Armies of Independence side figures Hannoversch Munden Germania Statue with many signed copies forming a part of various war memorials throughout Germany The exact number is unknown because some were lost or destroyed This was the result of an aggressive advertising campaign by the foundry which included the statue in its catalog Montevideo Figures in the Second Concourse of the Monument to Artigas Rome Goethe monument Santiago German Fountain Plaza de Armas a Tilsit Statue of Queen Louise Various statues of Wilhelm I in Arnsberg Duisburg Gera Hamburg Krefeld Mannheim Monchengladbach and Wuppertal Germania statue in Bad Duben Richard Wagner Monument Berlin Kaiser Wilhelm Monument in Krefeld Goethe Monument in Rome Frederick I from the Siegesallee The Battle figure from the Monument to San MartinNotes Edit Photo and history of the German Fountain are available from Edulabbe 28 February 2004 The German Fountain Santiago de Chile Daily Photo Retrieved 17 March 2018 References Edit Gustav Eberlein Forschung e V Gustav Eberlein Research Association Der Verein About the association in German Hann Munden Germany Author Retrieved 16 March 2018 Bibliography Gustav Eberlein Forschung e V a b c HNA Regiowiki Biography of Eberlein a b c d Biography Gustav Eberelein Forschung e V Gustav Heinrich Eberlein Find A Grave Retrieved 1 December 2014 La Paz Ilustracion Artistica Volume 16 page 837 Further reading Edit As a German sculptor views New York s architecture The American Architect and Building News James R Osgood amp Company 94 1706 78 79 1908 Benezit Emmanuel 1924 Eberlein Gustav Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres sculpteurs dessinateurs amp graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays Benezit Dictionary of Artists in French Paris Editions Grund Eberlein Gustav Heinrich Allgemeines Kunstlerlexikon Artists of the World 1 December 2016 ISSN 1865 0511 a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a journal ignored help Alternate URL Wheeler Edward J ed 1908 Gustav Eberlein Art ambassador of the Kaiser Current Literature 44 2 167 171 Meissner Gunter ed 2002 Eberlein Gustav Heinrich Allgemeines Kunstlerlexikon die Bildenden Kunstler aller Zeiten und Volker General dictionary of artists The visual artists of all times and peoples in German Vol 31 Munchen K G Saur p 561ff ISBN 978 3 598 22771 4 Rosenberg Adolf 1903 Eberlein Kunstler Monographien in German Bielefeld amp Leipzig Germany Velhagen amp Klasing Thieme U Becker F eds 1913 Eberlein Gustav Heinrich Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Kunstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart General dictionary of artists from antiquity to the present in German Vol 10 Leipzig E A Seemann p 303f Vollmer Hans 1955 Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Kunstler des XX General dictionary of artists of the 20th century in German Vol 2 E J E A Seemann External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gustav Eberlein Literature by and about Gustav Eberlein in the German National Library catalogue Homepage of Gustav Eberlein Forschung e V Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gustav Eberlein amp oldid 1145070276, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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