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German National Library

April 21, 2023

The German National Library (DNB; German: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek) is the central archival library and national bibliographic centre for the Federal Republic of Germany. It is one of the largest libraries in the world. Its task is to collect, permanently archive, comprehensively document and record bibliographically all German and German-language publications since 1913, foreign publications about Germany, translations of German works, and the works of German-speaking emigrants published abroad between 1933 and 1945, and to make them available to the public.[3] The DNB is also responsible for the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie [de] and several special collections like the Deutsches Exilarchiv 1933–1945 (German Exile Archive), Anne-Frank-Shoah-Bibliothek [de] and the Deutsches Buch- und Schriftmuseum (German Museum of Books and Writing). The German National Library maintains co-operative external relations on a national and international level. For example, it is the leading partner in developing and maintaining bibliographic rules and standards in Germany and plays a significant role in the development of international library standards. The cooperation with publishers has been regulated by law since 1935 for the Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig [de] and since 1969 for the Deutsche Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main.

German National Library
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
The German National Library in Leipzig
CountryGermany
TypeNational library
Established1912; 111 years ago (1912)
Reference to legal mandateLaw regarding the German National Library
LocationFrankfurt and Leipzig
Collection
Items collectedConventional printed works, those in microform, sound recording media and digital publications on physical storage devices and net publications
Size43.7 million items (2021)[1]
Criteria for collectionall publications published in Germany, all German-language publications published abroad, all translations into other languages of German-language works published abroad, all foreign-language publications about Germany published abroad known as "Germanica", written or printed works published between 1933 and 1945 by German-speaking emigrants
Legal deposityes, since 1935
Access and use
Access requirementsUsers must be at least 18 years old and present a valid passport or ID card. Library use is subject to a charge. A valid residence permit for Leipzig or Frankfurt am Main is requested for the application.
Circulation350,713 (2018)[2]
Members173,374 (2018)[2]
Other information
Budget€54.9 million (2018)[2]
DirectorFrank Scholze (2020)
Staff641.5 FTE (2018)[2]
Websitewww.dnb.de
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzig
class=notpageimage|
German National Library
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
General information
AddressAdickesallee 1, 60322 Frankfurt am Main
Coordinates50°07′52″N 8°41′00″E / 50.13121°N 8.68329°E / 50.13121; 8.68329Coordinates: 50°07′52″N 8°41′00″E / 50.13121°N 8.68329°E / 50.13121; 8.68329
Other information
Public transit access
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzig
General information
AddressDeutscher Platz 1, 04103 Leipzig
Coordinates51°19′20″N 12°23′48″E / 51.32228°N 12.39663°E / 51.32228; 12.39663
Other information
Public transit access

Duties are shared between the facilities in Leipzig and Frankfurt, with each center focusing its work in specific specialty areas. A third facility has been the Deutsches Musikarchiv Berlin (founded 1970), which deals with all music-related archiving (both printed and recorded materials). Since 2010 the Deutsches Musikarchiv is also located in Leipzig as an integral part of the facility there.

History

During the German revolutions of 1848, various booksellers and publishers offered their works to the Frankfurt Parliament for a parliamentary library. The library, led by Johann Heinrich Plath, was termed the Reichsbibliothek ("Reich library"). After the failure of the revolution the library was abandoned and the stock of books already in existence was stored at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg.[4] In 1912, the town of Leipzig, seat of the annual Leipzig Book Fair, the Kingdom of Saxony, and the Börsenverein der Deutschen Buchhändler [de] (Association of German booksellers) agreed to found a German National Library in Leipzig. Starting 1 January 1913, all publications in German were systematically collected (including books from Austria and Switzerland). In the same year, Gustav Wahl was elected as the first director.

Under Nazi rule, from 1933 to 1945, German libraries were censored, becoming extensions of National Socialist rule.[5][6] Books that Nazis seized in occupied countries entered German collections.[7][8][9][10][11]

In 1946, Georg Kurt Schauer, Heinrich Cobet, Vittorio Klostermann and Hanns Wilhelm Eppelsheimer, director of the Frankfurt University Library, initiated the re-establishment of a German archive library based in Frankfurt.[12] The Federal state representatives of the book trade in the American zone agreed to the proposal. The city of Frankfurt agreed to support the planned archive library with personnel and financial resources. The US military government gave its approval. The Library began its work in the tobacco room of the former Rothschild library, which served the bombed university library as accommodation. As a result, there were two libraries in Germany, which assumed the duties and function of a national library for the later German Democratic Republic (GDR/DDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG/BRD), respectively. Two national bibliographic catalogues almost identical in content were published annually.

With the reunification of Germany on 3 October 1990, the Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig [de] and the Deutsche Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main were merged into a new institution, The German Library (Die Deutsche Bibliothek).[12] The "Law regarding the German National Library" came into force on 29 June 2006. The law reconfirmed support for the national legal deposit at this library and expanded the collection brief to include online publications set the course for collecting, cataloguing and storing such publications as part of Germany's cultural heritage.[13] The Library's highest management body, the Administrative Council, was expanded to include two MPs from the Bundestag. The law also changed the name of the library and its buildings in Leipzig, Frankfurt am Main and Berlin to "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" (German National Library).

In July 2000, the DMA also assumed the role as repository for GEMA, Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte, a German music copyright organization. Since then, music publishers only have to submit copies to DMA, which covers both national archiving and copyright registration. The 210,000 works of printed music previously held by GEMA were transferred to DMA.

German Exile Archive

One of the special activities of the German National Library involves the collection and processing of printed and non-printed documents of German-speaking emigrants and exiles during the period from 1933 to 1945.

The German National Library maintains two exile collections: the Collection of Exile Literature 1933–1945 of the German National Library in Leipzig and the German Exile Archive [de] 1933–1945 [14] of the German National Library in Frankfurt am Main. Both collections contain printed works written or published abroad by German-speaking emigrants as well as leaflets, brochures and other materials produced entirely or in part by German-speaking exiles.

In 1998 the German National Library and the German Research Foundation began a publicly funded project to digitise the "Jewish Periodicals in Nazi Germany" collection of approximately 30,000 pages, which were originally published between 1933 and 1943. Additionally included in the project were 30 German-language emigrant publications "German-language exile journals 1933–1945", consisting of around 100,000 pages. These collections were put online in 2004 and were some of the most frequently visited sites of the German National Library.

In June 2012 the German National Library discontinued access to both collections on its website for legal reasons. The digitised versions are since then available for use in the reading rooms of the German National Library in Leipzig and Frankfurt am Main only, which caused partly harsh criticism.[15] The German National Library cited concerns over copyright as the reason, claiming that although the Library and the German Research Foundation had permission from the owners of the publication to put them online, the ownership of the "orphaned articles", that is, the individual authors, could not be ascertained as would be necessary because German legislation does not include a "fair use clause".

The Jewish German-language newspaper haGalil called the libraries action "overzealous". Yves Kugelmann, the head of Jüdische Medien AG in Zürich, which owns the rights to Aufbau magazine, one of the Exile Archive's offerings, called the action "completely absurd, confusing, and without merit". Anne Lipp of the German Research Foundation concluded that "all projects of the foundation", which have been paid for by public funding and with the intent of publishing online, "must be made public".[16]

Asmus, head of Deutsches Exilarchiv, claims that the ownership of articles from over 13,000 individual authors must first be confirmed and permissions obtained before the 70- to 80-year-old articles may be put online again, despite having had permission from the rightful owners of the publications to put the articles online. Asmus admits that there was not one single complaint of copyright violation.[17] Meanwhile, other German and international institutions such as Compact Memory, the Leo Baeck Institute and archive.org have no such compunctions and have begun restoring many of the deleted periodicals to the internet again.[note 1]

Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints

The German National Library only collects German imprints from 1913 onward.[18] Because of German's history of numerous kingdoms, creating a unified collection of all printed materials produced in Germany is a challenge. Therefore, the National Library is collaborating with five other libraries who possess large collections in order to coordinate and develop a complete collection of all literature published in German-speaking countries, starting with the year 1400. This group is called the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sammlung Deutscher Drucke (AG SDD, Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints). The participating libraries and their collection periods are:

German Music Archive

Main article: German Music Archive

The Deutsches Musikarchiv (DMA, German Music Archive) is the central collection of printed and recorded music and the music-bibliographic information centre for Germany. It is a Federal agency founded in 1970, tasked with collecting all music published in the country. Its precursor was the Deutsche Musik-Phonothek (1961–1969). The DMA moved to Leipzig in 2010, to be housed in an extension of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. Construction work began in 2006 and was completed in 2009.

Formerly situated in Berlin-Lankwitz, the DMA constitutes a department of the German National Library (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek). Publishers of printed and recorded music in Germany are required by law (since 1973) to deliver two copies of every edition to the archive. One copy is kept at the DMA in Leipzig, the second is deposited in Frankfurt.

German Museum of Books and Writing

The German Museum of Books and Writing (Deutsches Buch- und Schriftmuseum) is now hosted at the building in Leipzig. Founded in 1884 as the Deutsches Buchgewerbemuseum (German Book Trade Museum) it eventually made its way to the Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig in December 1925.[19] It is the world's oldest museum of book culture and addresses both experts and the general public. With over one million items in the collection, it is one of the most extensive in the world. They offer a wide variety of services including physical and virtual exhibitions, guided tours, seminars and workshops.[20]

Building in Leipzig

 
The original building of the German National Library in Leipzig from 1914

The main building of the German National Library in Leipzig was built 1914–1916 after plans of the architect Oskar Pusch. The impressive facade is 160 m long and faces the "Deutscher Platz" (German Plaza). The building was opened on 19 October 1916. The site of the library (near to today's Alte Messe) had been donated by the city of Leipzig, while Friedrich August III, King of Saxony provided the funds for the building. On the facade, the portraits of Otto von Bismarck, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Johannes Gutenberg are displayed. Statues represent Technology, Justice, Philosophy, Medicine etc. The central reading room contains a picture by Ludwig von Hofmann, depicting Arcadia in Art Nouveau-style. The staircase displays a mural showing the founders of the German library. The Library also contains the German Museum of Books and Writing. The fourth expansion of the library began in 2007 and was opened to the public on 9 May 2011. Designed by Gabriele Glockler, whose concept for the building was "Cover. Shell. Content." it connects all sections of the building together for the first time.[21]

Building in Frankfurt am Main

 
DNB building in Frankfurt

The current building of the Frankfurt branch was officially inaugurated on 14 May 1997. Stuttgart architects Arat-Kaiser-Kaiser were commissioned to design the building after winning an architectural competition in 1984. Planning was delayed however and construction didn't begin until 1992. With an appearance dominated by four main materials: exposed concrete, steel, glass and light Canadian Maple, it features over 300 workstations across three floors, with a large window providing illumination to all of them. Additional storage is located in three levels of underground storage expected to contain enough space until 2045.[21]

Inventory

  • Total: 43.7 million items[1]
    • books: 17.3 million
    • journals: 8 million
    • audio records: 2.4 million
    • electronic publications: 10.7 million

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Compare the major internet sources for Holocaust research, such as Yad Vashem, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and countless other institutions and libraries, all of which increase their internet content every year.

References

  1. ^ a b Jahresbericht 2021 (in German). Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. 2022. p. 46.
  2. ^ a b c d "Jahresbericht 2018" (in German). 2019. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
  3. ^ Murray, Stuart (2009). The Library: An Illustrated History. New York, USA: Skyhorse Pub.
  4. ^ Fabian, Bernhard, ed. (2003). "Reichsbibliothek von 1848". Handbuch der historischen Buchbestände in Deutschland (in German). Hildesheim, Germany: Olms Neue Medien.
  5. ^ Stieg, Margaret (January 1992). "The Second World War and the Public Libraries of Nazi Germany". Journal of Contemporary History. 27 (1): 23–40. doi:10.1177/002200949202700102. ISSN 0022-0094. S2CID 159922468.
  6. ^ "Bibliography: 1933 Book Burnings". www.ushmm.org. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
  7. ^ Flood, John L. (2018-01-02). "Anders Rydell, translated by Henning Koch, The Book Thieves: The Nazi Looting of Europe's Libraries and the Race to Return a Literary Inheritance". Library & Information History. 34 (1): 74–75. doi:10.1080/17583489.2017.1412664. ISSN 1758-3489. S2CID 165188074.
  8. ^ Esterow, Milton (2019-01-14). "The Hunt for the Nazi Loot Still Sitting on Library Shelves". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
  9. ^ Sontheimer, Michael (2008-10-24). "Retracing the Nazi Book Theft: German Libraries Hold Thousands of Looted Volumes". Der Spiegel. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
  10. ^ "'The Book Thieves' reveals the story of the Nazi assault on books". Christian Science Monitor. 2017-02-15. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
  11. ^ Lagnado, Lucette (2017-08-02). "On the Trail of Books Stolen by the Nazis". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
  12. ^ a b "History". Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  13. ^ a b Lux, Claudia (2018). "Germany: Libraries, Archives, and Museums". Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences. Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Press. pp. 1848–1849. ISBN 978-1-31511614-3.
  14. ^ "German Exile Archive 1933–1945". Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  15. ^ Tobias, Jim G. (2012-07-16). "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek blendet jüdische Geschichte aus" [German National Library blinds out Jewish History]. haGalil (in German).
  16. ^ Tobias, Jim G. (2012-07-19). "Absurd, irreführend und unbegründet" [Absurd, confusing, and without merit]. haGalil (in German).
  17. ^ Asmus, Sylvia (2013-11-29). Comments. Zugang Gestalten! (speech). Jewish Museum, Berlin.
  18. ^ "Deutsche Nationalbibliografie". Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  19. ^ "Chronicle of the German Museum of Books and Writing". Deutsche National Bibliothek. Retrieved 2021-03-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  20. ^ "German Museum of Books and Writing". Deutsche National Bibliothek. Retrieved 2021-03-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  21. ^ a b "Building and Congress Center". Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. Retrieved 2021-03-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

External links

  • Official website (in German and English)
  • "Deutsches Musikarchiv". Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (in German). 2023-01-01. Retrieved 2023-02-11.
  • "Startseite". Sammlung Deutscher Drucke (in German). Retrieved 2023-02-11.
  • "DE-101". Deutsche ISIL-Agentur und Sigelstelle (in German). Retrieved 2023-02-11.

April 21, 2023
german, national, library, german, deutsche, nationalbibliothek, central, archival, library, national, bibliographic, centre, federal, republic, germany, largest, libraries, world, task, collect, permanently, archive, comprehensively, document, record, bibliog. The German National Library DNB German Deutsche Nationalbibliothek is the central archival library and national bibliographic centre for the Federal Republic of Germany It is one of the largest libraries in the world Its task is to collect permanently archive comprehensively document and record bibliographically all German and German language publications since 1913 foreign publications about Germany translations of German works and the works of German speaking emigrants published abroad between 1933 and 1945 and to make them available to the public 3 The DNB is also responsible for the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie de and several special collections like the Deutsches Exilarchiv 1933 1945 German Exile Archive Anne Frank Shoah Bibliothek de and the Deutsches Buch und Schriftmuseum German Museum of Books and Writing The German National Library maintains co operative external relations on a national and international level For example it is the leading partner in developing and maintaining bibliographic rules and standards in Germany and plays a significant role in the development of international library standards The cooperation with publishers has been regulated by law since 1935 for the Deutsche Bucherei Leipzig de and since 1969 for the Deutsche Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main German National LibraryDeutsche NationalbibliothekThe German National Library in LeipzigCountryGermanyTypeNational libraryEstablished1912 111 years ago 1912 Reference to legal mandateLaw regarding the German National LibraryLocationFrankfurt and LeipzigCollectionItems collectedConventional printed works those in microform sound recording media and digital publications on physical storage devices and net publicationsSize43 7 million items 2021 1 Criteria for collectionall publications published in Germany all German language publications published abroad all translations into other languages of German language works published abroad all foreign language publications about Germany published abroad known as Germanica written or printed works published between 1933 and 1945 by German speaking emigrantsLegal deposityes since 1935Access and useAccess requirementsUsers must be at least 18 years old and present a valid passport or ID card Library use is subject to a charge A valid residence permit for Leipzig or Frankfurt am Main is requested for the application Circulation350 713 2018 2 Members173 374 2018 2 Other informationBudget 54 9 million 2018 2 DirectorFrank Scholze 2020 Staff641 5 FTE 2018 2 Websitewww dnb deDeutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am MainDeutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzigclass notpageimage German National Library Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am MainGeneral informationAddressAdickesallee 1 60322 Frankfurt am MainCoordinates50 07 52 N 8 41 00 E 50 13121 N 8 68329 E 50 13121 8 68329 Coordinates 50 07 52 N 8 41 00 E 50 13121 N 8 68329 E 50 13121 8 68329Other informationPublic transit accessDeutsche NationalbibliothekM32 Deutsche NationalbibliothekDeutsche Nationalbibliothek LeipzigGeneral informationAddressDeutscher Platz 1 04103 LeipzigCoordinates51 19 20 N 12 23 48 E 51 32228 N 12 39663 E 51 32228 12 39663Other informationPublic transit accessS 1 S 2 S 3 S 5 S 5X Leipzig MDR 400m Tram 16 Deutsche NationalbibliothekDuties are shared between the facilities in Leipzig and Frankfurt with each center focusing its work in specific specialty areas A third facility has been the Deutsches Musikarchiv Berlin founded 1970 which deals with all music related archiving both printed and recorded materials Since 2010 the Deutsches Musikarchiv is also located in Leipzig as an integral part of the facility there Contents 1 History 2 German Exile Archive 3 Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints 4 German Music Archive 5 German Museum of Books and Writing 6 Building in Leipzig 7 Building in Frankfurt am Main 8 Inventory 9 See also 10 Notes 11 References 12 External linksHistory EditDuring the German revolutions of 1848 various booksellers and publishers offered their works to the Frankfurt Parliament for a parliamentary library The library led by Johann Heinrich Plath was termed the Reichsbibliothek Reich library After the failure of the revolution the library was abandoned and the stock of books already in existence was stored at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg 4 In 1912 the town of Leipzig seat of the annual Leipzig Book Fair the Kingdom of Saxony and the Borsenverein der Deutschen Buchhandler de Association of German booksellers agreed to found a German National Library in Leipzig Starting 1 January 1913 all publications in German were systematically collected including books from Austria and Switzerland In the same year Gustav Wahl was elected as the first director Under Nazi rule from 1933 to 1945 German libraries were censored becoming extensions of National Socialist rule 5 6 Books that Nazis seized in occupied countries entered German collections 7 8 9 10 11 In 1946 Georg Kurt Schauer Heinrich Cobet Vittorio Klostermann and Hanns Wilhelm Eppelsheimer director of the Frankfurt University Library initiated the re establishment of a German archive library based in Frankfurt 12 The Federal state representatives of the book trade in the American zone agreed to the proposal The city of Frankfurt agreed to support the planned archive library with personnel and financial resources The US military government gave its approval The Library began its work in the tobacco room of the former Rothschild library which served the bombed university library as accommodation As a result there were two libraries in Germany which assumed the duties and function of a national library for the later German Democratic Republic GDR DDR and the Federal Republic of Germany FRG BRD respectively Two national bibliographic catalogues almost identical in content were published annually With the reunification of Germany on 3 October 1990 the Deutsche Bucherei Leipzig de and the Deutsche Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main were merged into a new institution The German Library Die Deutsche Bibliothek 12 The Law regarding the German National Library came into force on 29 June 2006 The law reconfirmed support for the national legal deposit at this library and expanded the collection brief to include online publications set the course for collecting cataloguing and storing such publications as part of Germany s cultural heritage 13 The Library s highest management body the Administrative Council was expanded to include two MPs from the Bundestag The law also changed the name of the library and its buildings in Leipzig Frankfurt am Main and Berlin to Deutsche Nationalbibliothek German National Library In July 2000 the DMA also assumed the role as repository for GEMA Gesellschaft fur musikalische Auffuhrungs und mechanische Vervielfaltigungsrechte a German music copyright organization Since then music publishers only have to submit copies to DMA which covers both national archiving and copyright registration The 210 000 works of printed music previously held by GEMA were transferred to DMA German Exile Archive EditOne of the special activities of the German National Library involves the collection and processing of printed and non printed documents of German speaking emigrants and exiles during the period from 1933 to 1945 The German National Library maintains two exile collections the Collection of Exile Literature 1933 1945 of the German National Library in Leipzig and the German Exile Archive de 1933 1945 14 of the German National Library in Frankfurt am Main Both collections contain printed works written or published abroad by German speaking emigrants as well as leaflets brochures and other materials produced entirely or in part by German speaking exiles In 1998 the German National Library and the German Research Foundation began a publicly funded project to digitise the Jewish Periodicals in Nazi Germany collection of approximately 30 000 pages which were originally published between 1933 and 1943 Additionally included in the project were 30 German language emigrant publications German language exile journals 1933 1945 consisting of around 100 000 pages These collections were put online in 2004 and were some of the most frequently visited sites of the German National Library In June 2012 the German National Library discontinued access to both collections on its website for legal reasons The digitised versions are since then available for use in the reading rooms of the German National Library in Leipzig and Frankfurt am Main only which caused partly harsh criticism 15 The German National Library cited concerns over copyright as the reason claiming that although the Library and the German Research Foundation had permission from the owners of the publication to put them online the ownership of the orphaned articles that is the individual authors could not be ascertained as would be necessary because German legislation does not include a fair use clause The Jewish German language newspaper haGalil called the libraries action overzealous Yves Kugelmann the head of Judische Medien AG in Zurich which owns the rights to Aufbau magazine one of the Exile Archive s offerings called the action completely absurd confusing and without merit Anne Lipp of the German Research Foundation concluded that all projects of the foundation which have been paid for by public funding and with the intent of publishing online must be made public 16 Asmus head of Deutsches Exilarchiv claims that the ownership of articles from over 13 000 individual authors must first be confirmed and permissions obtained before the 70 to 80 year old articles may be put online again despite having had permission from the rightful owners of the publications to put the articles online Asmus admits that there was not one single complaint of copyright violation 17 Meanwhile other German and international institutions such as Compact Memory the Leo Baeck Institute and archive org have no such compunctions and have begun restoring many of the deleted periodicals to the internet again note 1 Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints EditThe German National Library only collects German imprints from 1913 onward 18 Because of German s history of numerous kingdoms creating a unified collection of all printed materials produced in Germany is a challenge Therefore the National Library is collaborating with five other libraries who possess large collections in order to coordinate and develop a complete collection of all literature published in German speaking countries starting with the year 1400 This group is called the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sammlung Deutscher Drucke AG SDD Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints The participating libraries and their collection periods are Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich 1450 1600 Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenbuttel 1601 1700 Staats und Universitatsbibliothek Gottingen 1701 1800 Universitatsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg in Frankfurt am Main 1801 1870 Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preussicher Kulturbesitz in Berlin 1871 1912 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek in both Frankfurt Main and Leipzig 1913 13 German Music Archive EditMain article German Music Archive The Deutsches Musikarchiv DMA German Music Archive is the central collection of printed and recorded music and the music bibliographic information centre for Germany It is a Federal agency founded in 1970 tasked with collecting all music published in the country Its precursor was the Deutsche Musik Phonothek 1961 1969 The DMA moved to Leipzig in 2010 to be housed in an extension of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Construction work began in 2006 and was completed in 2009 Formerly situated in Berlin Lankwitz the DMA constitutes a department of the German National Library Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Publishers of printed and recorded music in Germany are required by law since 1973 to deliver two copies of every edition to the archive One copy is kept at the DMA in Leipzig the second is deposited in Frankfurt German Museum of Books and Writing EditThe German Museum of Books and Writing Deutsches Buch und Schriftmuseum is now hosted at the building in Leipzig Founded in 1884 as the Deutsches Buchgewerbemuseum German Book Trade Museum it eventually made its way to the Deutsche Bucherei Leipzig in December 1925 19 It is the world s oldest museum of book culture and addresses both experts and the general public With over one million items in the collection it is one of the most extensive in the world They offer a wide variety of services including physical and virtual exhibitions guided tours seminars and workshops 20 Building in Leipzig Edit The original building of the German National Library in Leipzig from 1914 The main building of the German National Library in Leipzig was built 1914 1916 after plans of the architect Oskar Pusch The impressive facade is 160 m long and faces the Deutscher Platz German Plaza The building was opened on 19 October 1916 The site of the library near to today s Alte Messe had been donated by the city of Leipzig while Friedrich August III King of Saxony provided the funds for the building On the facade the portraits of Otto von Bismarck Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Johannes Gutenberg are displayed Statues represent Technology Justice Philosophy Medicine etc The central reading room contains a picture by Ludwig von Hofmann depicting Arcadia in Art Nouveau style The staircase displays a mural showing the founders of the German library The Library also contains the German Museum of Books and Writing The fourth expansion of the library began in 2007 and was opened to the public on 9 May 2011 Designed by Gabriele Glockler whose concept for the building was Cover Shell Content it connects all sections of the building together for the first time 21 Building in Frankfurt am Main Edit DNB building in Frankfurt The current building of the Frankfurt branch was officially inaugurated on 14 May 1997 Stuttgart architects Arat Kaiser Kaiser were commissioned to design the building after winning an architectural competition in 1984 Planning was delayed however and construction didn t begin until 1992 With an appearance dominated by four main materials exposed concrete steel glass and light Canadian Maple it features over 300 workstations across three floors with a large window providing illumination to all of them Additional storage is located in three levels of underground storage expected to contain enough space until 2045 21 Inventory EditTotal 43 7 million items 1 books 17 3 million journals 8 million audio records 2 4 million electronic publications 10 7 millionSee also EditGerman National Library of Economics ZBW German National Library of Medicine ZB MED German National Library of Science and Technology TIB List of libraries in Germany The Collection of German Prints Sammlung Deutscher Drucke or SDD Gemeinsame Normdatei GND Integrated Authority File Books in GermanyNotes Edit Compare the major internet sources for Holocaust research such as Yad Vashem the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and countless other institutions and libraries all of which increase their internet content every year References Edit a b Jahresbericht 2021 in German Deutsche Nationalbibliothek 2022 p 46 a b c d Jahresbericht 2018 in German 2019 Retrieved 2019 06 03 Murray Stuart 2009 The Library An Illustrated History New York USA Skyhorse Pub Fabian Bernhard ed 2003 Reichsbibliothek von 1848 Handbuch der historischen Buchbestande in Deutschland in German Hildesheim Germany Olms Neue Medien Stieg Margaret January 1992 The Second World War and the Public Libraries of Nazi Germany Journal of Contemporary History 27 1 23 40 doi 10 1177 002200949202700102 ISSN 0022 0094 S2CID 159922468 Bibliography 1933 Book Burnings www ushmm org Retrieved 2022 01 22 Flood John L 2018 01 02 Anders Rydell translated by Henning Koch The Book Thieves The Nazi Looting of Europe s Libraries and the Race to Return a Literary Inheritance Library amp Information History 34 1 74 75 doi 10 1080 17583489 2017 1412664 ISSN 1758 3489 S2CID 165188074 Esterow Milton 2019 01 14 The Hunt for the Nazi Loot Still Sitting on Library Shelves The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2022 01 22 Sontheimer Michael 2008 10 24 Retracing the Nazi Book Theft German Libraries Hold Thousands of Looted Volumes Der Spiegel ISSN 2195 1349 Retrieved 2022 01 22 The Book Thieves reveals the story of the Nazi assault on books Christian Science Monitor 2017 02 15 ISSN 0882 7729 Retrieved 2022 01 22 Lagnado Lucette 2017 08 02 On the Trail of Books Stolen by the Nazis Wall Street Journal ISSN 0099 9660 Retrieved 2022 01 22 a b History Retrieved 2021 03 05 a b Lux Claudia 2018 Germany Libraries Archives and Museums Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences Boca Raton Florida USA CRC Press pp 1848 1849 ISBN 978 1 31511614 3 German Exile Archive 1933 1945 Retrieved 2021 03 05 Tobias Jim G 2012 07 16 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek blendet judische Geschichte aus German National Library blinds out Jewish History haGalil in German Tobias Jim G 2012 07 19 Absurd irrefuhrend und unbegrundet Absurd confusing and without merit haGalil in German Asmus Sylvia 2013 11 29 Comments Zugang Gestalten speech Jewish Museum Berlin Deutsche Nationalbibliografie Retrieved 2021 03 05 Chronicle of the German Museum of Books and Writing Deutsche National Bibliothek Retrieved 2021 03 03 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link German Museum of Books and Writing Deutsche National Bibliothek Retrieved 2021 03 03 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link a b Building and Congress Center Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Retrieved 2021 03 03 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link External links EditOfficial website in German and English Deutsches Musikarchiv Deutsche Nationalbibliothek in German 2023 01 01 Retrieved 2023 02 11 Startseite Sammlung Deutscher Drucke in German Retrieved 2023 02 11 DE 101 Deutsche ISIL Agentur und Sigelstelle in German Retrieved 2023 02 11 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title German National Library amp oldid 1141877914, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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