Guillaume de Palerme ("William of Palerne") is a French romance poem, later translated into English where it is also known as William and the Werewolf. The French verse romance was composed c. 1200, commissioned by Countess Yolande (who is generally identified as Yolande, daughter of Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut).[1]: 214–15 The prose version of the French romance, printed by N Bonfons, passed through several editions.[2]
William of Palerne (William and the Werewolf)
by anonymous
Detail of the frontispiece of a French edition of Guillaume de Palerne (c. 1635)
Facsimile of the first seven lines of the 14th century English translation of the 12th century French manuscript The Romance of William of Palerne
Guillaume, a foundling supposed to be of low degree, is brought up at the court of the emperor of Rome, and loves the emperor's daughter Melior who is promised to a Greek prince. The lovers flee into the woods disguised in bear-skins. Alfonso, who is Guillaume's cousin and a Spanish prince, has been changed into a wolf-shaped werewolf by his stepmother's enchantments. He provides food and protection for the fugitives, and Guillaume eventually triumphs over Alfonso's father, and wins back from him his kingdom. The benevolent werewolf is disenchanted and marries Guillaume's sister.[2]
Motifsedit
The werewolf as used in this story draws on later developments of that legend than such lais as Bisclavret and Melion, where the werewolf status is inherent, although his obeisance to the king, his father, corresponds to the same act in the other stories.[1]: 218–19 The werewolf's protection of the child probably stems from the anecdote found in both The Seven Sages and Gesta Romanorum.[1]: 219 But the werewolf's attack on his wicked stepmother corresponds to that of the werewolf on his false wife in Bisclavret and Melion, and Guillaume plays the same role as the king, protecting the werewolf after the attack.[1]: 220
The love of Guillaume and Melior, though presented as classical courtly love, ends in marriage and children—a deviation from the original formulation of courtly love that grew common in romances of this era.[4]
Engraving from the 1832 first edition of William and the Werewolf with the werewolf protecting an infant
Referencesedit
^ abcdeLaura A. Hibbard (1963). Medieval Romance in England. New York: Burt Franklin.
^Baron, Dennis (2018-09-04). "A brief history of singular 'they'". Oxford English Dictionary Blog. Retrieved 2023-09-16. The Oxford English Dictionary traces singular they back to 1375, where it appears in the medieval romance William and the Werewolf.
^Gervase Mathew (1966). "Marriage and Amour Courtois in Late Fourteenth Century England". In C. S. Lewis (ed.). Essays Presented to Charles Williams. Eerdmans. p. 133. ISBN0-8028-1117-5.
Additional sourcesedit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Guillaume de Palerme". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 692.
Bunt, Gerrit H.V., William of Palerne, An Electronic Edition.
Max Kaluža, Über das Verhältniß des mittelenglischen allitterirenden Gedichtes "William of Palerne" zu seiner französischen Vorlage., diss. Breslau, Englische Studien 4, Heilbronn (1881).
External linksedit
Translators' difficulties
William of Palerne (William and the Werewolf), translated and retold in Modern English prose by Richard Scott-Robinson.
First 1066 lines of the original Middle English poem at the Poetry Foundation
14th century manuscript of the Middle English poem, Cambridge, King's College, 13
Article about the Middle English poem and its manuscript
January 01, 1970
guillaume, palerme, william, palerne, french, romance, poem, later, translated, into, english, where, also, known, william, werewolf, french, verse, romance, composed, 1200, commissioned, countess, yolande, generally, identified, yolande, daughter, baldwin, co. Guillaume de Palerme William of Palerne is a French romance poem later translated into English where it is also known as William and the Werewolf The French verse romance was composed c 1200 commissioned by Countess Yolande who is generally identified as Yolande daughter of Baldwin IV Count of Hainaut 1 214 15 The prose version of the French romance printed by N Bonfons passed through several editions 2 William of Palerne William and the Werewolf by anonymousDetail of the frontispiece of a French edition of Guillaume de Palerne c 1635 Original titleGuillaume de PalermeTranslatorWilliamWrittenc 1200 French c 1350 English The English poem in alliterative verse commissioned by Humphrey de Bohun 6th Earl of Hereford was written c 1350 by a poet named William 1 215 A single surviving manuscript of the English version is held at King s College Cambridge The Oxford English Dictionary has cited this poem as being the earliest known use of singular they in written English 3 Contents 1 Plot 2 Motifs 3 References 3 1 Additional sources 4 Further reading 5 External linksPlot edit nbsp Facsimile of the first seven lines of the 14th century English translation of the 12th century French manuscript The Romance of William of Palerne Guillaume a foundling supposed to be of low degree is brought up at the court of the emperor of Rome and loves the emperor s daughter Melior who is promised to a Greek prince The lovers flee into the woods disguised in bear skins Alfonso who is Guillaume s cousin and a Spanish prince has been changed into a wolf shaped werewolf by his stepmother s enchantments He provides food and protection for the fugitives and Guillaume eventually triumphs over Alfonso s father and wins back from him his kingdom The benevolent werewolf is disenchanted and marries Guillaume s sister 2 Motifs editThe werewolf as used in this story draws on later developments of that legend than such lais as Bisclavret and Melion where the werewolf status is inherent although his obeisance to the king his father corresponds to the same act in the other stories 1 218 19 The werewolf s protection of the child probably stems from the anecdote found in both The Seven Sages and Gesta Romanorum 1 219 But the werewolf s attack on his wicked stepmother corresponds to that of the werewolf on his false wife in Bisclavret and Melion and Guillaume plays the same role as the king protecting the werewolf after the attack 1 220 The love of Guillaume and Melior though presented as classical courtly love ends in marriage and children a deviation from the original formulation of courtly love that grew common in romances of this era 4 nbsp Engraving from the 1832 first edition of William and the Werewolf with the werewolf protecting an infantReferences edit a b c d e Laura A Hibbard 1963 Medieval Romance in England New York Burt Franklin a b Chisholm 1911 Baron Dennis 2018 09 04 A brief history of singular they Oxford English Dictionary Blog Retrieved 2023 09 16 The Oxford English Dictionary traces singular they back to 1375 where it appears in the medieval romance William and the Werewolf Gervase Mathew 1966 Marriage and Amour Courtois in Late Fourteenth Century England In C S Lewis ed Essays Presented to Charles Williams Eerdmans p 133 ISBN 0 8028 1117 5 Additional sources edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Guillaume de Palerme Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 12 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 692 Bunt Gerrit H V William of Palerne An Electronic Edition Further reading editGuillaume de Palerne ed Henri Michelant Paris Societe des anciens textes francais 1876 Histoire litteraire de la France vol 22 p 829 Madden F 1832 The ancient English Romance of William and the Werewolf Roxburghe Club Skeat Walter W 1867 Early English Text Society Extra Series No I at Hathi Trust another at the Internet Archive Max Kaluza Uber das Verhaltniss des mittelenglischen allitterirenden Gedichtes William of Palerne zu seiner franzosischen Vorlage diss Breslau Englische Studien 4 Heilbronn 1881 External links editTranslators difficulties William of Palerne William and the Werewolf translated and retold in Modern English prose by Richard Scott Robinson First 1066 lines of the original Middle English poem at the Poetry Foundation 14th century manuscript of the Middle English poem Cambridge King s College 13 Article about the Middle English poem and its manuscript Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Guillaume de Palerme amp oldid 1213426759, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
