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Thionville

April 10, 2024

"Diedenhofen" redirects here. For German politician, see Martin Diedenhofen.
For the scout cruiser, see SMS Novara (1913).

Thionville (French pronunciation: [tjɔ̃vil]; Luxembourgish: Diddenuewen [ˈdidənuəvən]; German: Diedenhofen [ˈdiːdn̩ˌhoːfn̩] ⓘ) is a city in the northeastern French department of Moselle. The city is located on the left bank of the river Moselle, opposite its suburb Yutz.

Thionville
Diedenhofen
Subprefecture and commune
Top to bottom, left to right: Tour aux Puces ; Beffroi de Thionville ; Les ponts écluses ; la rive de la Moselle
Coat of arms
Location of Thionville
Thionville
Thionville
Coordinates: 49°21′32″N 6°10′09″E / 49.3589°N 6.1692°E / 49.3589; 6.1692
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
DepartmentMoselle
ArrondissementThionville
CantonThionville, Yutz
IntercommunalityCA Portes de France-Thionville
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Pierre Cuny[1] (DVC)
Area
1
49.86 km2 (19.25 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
42,163
 • Density850/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
57672 /57100
Elevation147–423 m (482–1,388 ft)
(avg. 150 m or 490 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

History edit

 
The 16th- and 17th-century bell tower of the old city hall.

Thionville was settled as early as the time of the Merovingians. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the region was inhabited by the Germanic Alamanni. It was known in the Latin of that era as Theudonevilla or Totonisvilla. King Pepin the Short had a royal palace constructed here.

The Synod of Thionville was held here beginning on 2 February 835. It reinstated Emperor Louis the Pious and reversed his former conviction on crimes — none of which he actually committed — and deposed the Archbishop of Rheims, Ebbo. The Synod was composed of 43 bishops. On 28 February 835, in Mainz, Ebbo admitted that Louis had not committed the crimes of which he had been indicted and for which he had been deposed as Holy Roman Emperor.

From the 10th century onward, the area was part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was in possession of the House of Luxembourg until 1462 and then, until 1477, of the Duke of Burgundy. From 1477 to 1643, it was Habsburg territory.

Eskil, Archbishop of Lund, was imprisoned at Diedenhofen (at the instigation of the Archbishop of Bremen?) upon his return from his 1153 pilgrimage to Rome.

The Siege of Thionville in June 1639 occurred as part of the Thirty Years' War. In 1659 Diedenhofen was annexed by France. Fortifications were constructed under the direction of Sébastien de Vauban.

 
Siege of Thionville 1643
 
Plan de Thionville, 1741

In 1792, Thionville was besieged by the Duke of Brunswick, who unsuccessfully sought to defeat the French Revolution and restore Louis XVI to the royal throne. The writer François-René de Chateaubriand was left for dead during Condé's military émigré expedition against Thionville in 1792.

After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, the area of Alsace-Lorraine was annexed by the newly created German Empire in 1871 by the Treaty of Frankfurt and became a Reichsland. Thionville once again became Diedenhofen and became a prosperous city. Some large neo-Romanesque buildings typical of the German Empire were constructed in the city. The German Army decided to build a fortress line from Mülhausen to Luxembourg to protect the new Reichsland. The centerpiece of this line was the great Moselstellung, a fortress system protecting Metz and Diedenhofen.

The fortifications around Diedenhofen centred on three main forts: the Fort de Guentrange on the northwest side, Fort de Koenigsmacker to the northeast, and the Fort d'Illange to the south. Each position was surrounded by several ditches, with shelters and observation cupolas. A large barbed wire belt defended by machine guns completed the defensive system.

Following the armistice with Germany ending the First World War, the French army entered Diedenhofen in November 1918 and the city was transferred to France by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, after it again became Thionville.

During the Second World War, Lorraine was placed under a German civilian administration and was thus once again de facto part of the German Reich (though unrecognized by the Western Allies), and the city became Diedenhofen once more. In 1944, US troops entered Diedenhofen, which has belonged to France as Thionville since then. In the winter of 1944-45, the Displaced Persons Camp No. 8 was established here. In the following years it was home to the thousands of former concentration camp prisoners and POWs.

After experiencing, along with all of France, an economic upswing during the postwar decades (trente glorieuses), the heavy industry of Thionville suffered setbacks beginning in the 1970s. The city and the entire region have faced hardships and structural unemployment since then.

Jean-Marie Demange, who had served as the town's mayor for thirteen years, committed suicide in 2008 after killing his mistress with two gunshots in the head.[citation needed]

Economy edit

The area around Thionville has relied on heavy industry, most notably since the end of the 19th century, due to the presence of iron ore in the area. The first large steel mill in Thionville was opened in 1898. Since the steel crisis of the 1970s, several steel mills have been closed, and only a few have remained active. A growing number of residents of Thionville commute to nearby Luxembourg (Thionville is 15 kilometres from the border).

Transport edit

The Gare de Thionville railway station offers connections with Luxembourg, Metz, Nancy, Paris, Strasbourg, Brussels, Zürich, and several regional destinations. The A31 motorway connects Thionville with Luxembourg and Metz.

Twin towns edit

Administration edit

Incorporations:

Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, Thionville is divided over the cantons of Thionville and Yutz.[3]

Neighboring communes edit

Demographics edit

The population of Thionville increased mainly in the first half of the 20th century due to industrial development of the Upper Moselle basin. The economic slowdown and steel crisis of the 1970s affected the town and surrounding area, causing a population stagnation. The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Thionville proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Thionville absorbed the former commune of Veymerange in 1966, Volkrange in 1969, and Garche, Kœking, and Œutrange in 1970.[4]

Sport edit

US Thionville Lusitanos is the local football club.

Notable people edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Décret n° 2014-183 du 18 février 2014 portant délimitation des cantons dans le département de la Moselle
  4. ^ a b Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Thionville, EHESS (in French).
  5. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  6. ^ "Thierry Queffelec devient préfet de Guyane". Karib Info (in French). Retrieved 17 April 2021.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thionville.
 
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Diedenhofen".

April 10, 2024
thionville, diedenhofen, redirects, here, german, politician, martin, diedenhofen, scout, cruiser, novara, 1913, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, intr. Diedenhofen redirects here For German politician see Martin Diedenhofen For the scout cruiser see SMS Novara 1913 This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message Thionville French pronunciation tjɔ vil Luxembourgish Diddenuewen ˈdidenueven German Diedenhofen ˈdiːdn ˌhoːfn is a city in the northeastern French department of Moselle The city is located on the left bank of the river Moselle opposite its suburb Yutz Thionville DiedenhofenSubprefecture and communeTop to bottom left to right Tour aux Puces Beffroi de Thionville Les ponts ecluses la rive de la MoselleCoat of armsLocation of ThionvilleThionvilleShow map of FranceThionvilleShow map of Grand EstCoordinates 49 21 32 N 6 10 09 E 49 3589 N 6 1692 E 49 3589 6 1692CountryFranceRegionGrand EstDepartmentMoselleArrondissementThionvilleCantonThionville YutzIntercommunalityCA Portes de France ThionvilleGovernment Mayor 2020 2026 Pierre Cuny 1 DVC Area149 86 km2 19 25 sq mi Population 2021 2 42 163 Density850 km2 2 200 sq mi Time zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST INSEE Postal code57672 57100Elevation147 423 m 482 1 388 ft avg 150 m or 490 ft 1 French Land Register data which excludes lakes ponds glaciers gt 1 km2 0 386 sq mi or 247 acres and river estuaries Contents 1 History 2 Economy 2 1 Transport 3 Twin towns 4 Administration 4 1 Neighboring communes 5 Demographics 6 Sport 7 Notable people 8 References 9 External linksHistory edit nbsp The 16th and 17th century bell tower of the old city hall Thionville was settled as early as the time of the Merovingians After the fall of the Western Roman Empire the region was inhabited by the Germanic Alamanni It was known in the Latin of that era as Theudonevilla or Totonisvilla King Pepin the Short had a royal palace constructed here The Synod of Thionville was held here beginning on 2 February 835 It reinstated Emperor Louis the Pious and reversed his former conviction on crimes none of which he actually committed and deposed the Archbishop of Rheims Ebbo The Synod was composed of 43 bishops On 28 February 835 in Mainz Ebbo admitted that Louis had not committed the crimes of which he had been indicted and for which he had been deposed as Holy Roman Emperor From the 10th century onward the area was part of the Holy Roman Empire It was in possession of the House of Luxembourg until 1462 and then until 1477 of the Duke of Burgundy From 1477 to 1643 it was Habsburg territory Eskil Archbishop of Lund was imprisoned at Diedenhofen at the instigation of the Archbishop of Bremen upon his return from his 1153 pilgrimage to Rome The Siege of Thionville in June 1639 occurred as part of the Thirty Years War In 1659 Diedenhofen was annexed by France Fortifications were constructed under the direction of Sebastien de Vauban nbsp Siege of Thionville 1643 nbsp Plan de Thionville 1741In 1792 Thionville was besieged by the Duke of Brunswick who unsuccessfully sought to defeat the French Revolution and restore Louis XVI to the royal throne The writer Francois Rene de Chateaubriand was left for dead during Conde s military emigre expedition against Thionville in 1792 After the Franco Prussian War of 1870 the area of Alsace Lorraine was annexed by the newly created German Empire in 1871 by the Treaty of Frankfurt and became a Reichsland Thionville once again became Diedenhofen and became a prosperous city Some large neo Romanesque buildings typical of the German Empire were constructed in the city The German Army decided to build a fortress line from Mulhausen to Luxembourg to protect the new Reichsland The centerpiece of this line was the great Moselstellung a fortress system protecting Metz and Diedenhofen The fortifications around Diedenhofen centred on three main forts the Fort de Guentrange on the northwest side Fort de Koenigsmacker to the northeast and the Fort d Illange to the south Each position was surrounded by several ditches with shelters and observation cupolas A large barbed wire belt defended by machine guns completed the defensive system Following the armistice with Germany ending the First World War the French army entered Diedenhofen in November 1918 and the city was transferred to France by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 after it again became Thionville During the Second World War Lorraine was placed under a German civilian administration and was thus once again de facto part of the German Reich though unrecognized by the Western Allies and the city became Diedenhofen once more In 1944 US troops entered Diedenhofen which has belonged to France as Thionville since then In the winter of 1944 45 the Displaced Persons Camp No 8 was established here In the following years it was home to the thousands of former concentration camp prisoners and POWs After experiencing along with all of France an economic upswing during the postwar decades trente glorieuses the heavy industry of Thionville suffered setbacks beginning in the 1970s The city and the entire region have faced hardships and structural unemployment since then Jean Marie Demange who had served as the town s mayor for thirteen years committed suicide in 2008 after killing his mistress with two gunshots in the head citation needed Economy editThe area around Thionville has relied on heavy industry most notably since the end of the 19th century due to the presence of iron ore in the area The first large steel mill in Thionville was opened in 1898 Since the steel crisis of the 1970s several steel mills have been closed and only a few have remained active A growing number of residents of Thionville commute to nearby Luxembourg Thionville is 15 kilometres from the border Transport edit The Gare de Thionville railway station offers connections with Luxembourg Metz Nancy Paris Strasbourg Brussels Zurich and several regional destinations The A31 motorway connects Thionville with Luxembourg and Metz Twin towns editGao Mali Varallo Pombia Italy Urbana Illinois United StatesAdministration editIncorporations Veymerange in 1967 Volkrange in 1970 Garche exclave of the commune Kœking and Œutrange in 1970 Guentrange Elange Metzange Beuvange sous Saint MichelSince the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015 Thionville is divided over the cantons of Thionville and Yutz 3 Neighboring communes edit Algrange Basse Ham by Garche Entrange Escherange Cattenom by Garche Hayange Hettange Grande Florange Illange Manom Nilvange Terville YutzDemographics editThe population of Thionville increased mainly in the first half of the 20th century due to industrial development of the Upper Moselle basin The economic slowdown and steel crisis of the 1970s affected the town and surrounding area causing a population stagnation The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Thionville proper in its geography at the given years The commune of Thionville absorbed the former commune of Veymerange in 1966 Volkrange in 1969 and Garche Kœking and Œutrange in 1970 4 Historical populationYearPop p a 17935 010 18005 011 0 00 18064 907 0 35 18215 739 1 05 18365 680 0 07 18415 712 0 11 18617 818 1 58 18667 376 1 16 18717 207 0 46 18757 168 0 14 18807 155 0 04 18858 111 2 54 18908 923 1 93 18959 167 0 54 190010 062 1 88 190511 948 3 50 YearPop p a 191011 656 0 49 192113 464 1 32 192613 040 0 64 193117 395 5 93 193618 934 1 71 194617 596 0 73 195423 054 3 43 196231 811 4 11 196837 079 2 59 197543 020 2 15 198240 573 0 83 199039 712 0 27 199940 907 0 33 200740 910 0 00 201241 325 0 20 201740 701 0 30 Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki org Source EHESS 4 and INSEE 1968 2017 5 Sport editUS Thionville Lusitanos is the local football club Notable people editJohann von Aldringen soldier 1588 1634 Joseph Bodin de Boismortier composer 1689 1755 Antoine Merlin de Thionville politician Merlin of Thionville 1762 1833 Nicolas Dahlmann military leader 1769 1807 Senta Soneland actress 1882 1934 Gerhard Borrmann physicist 1908 2006 Ernest Bour conductor 1913 2001 Henry Anglade cyclist born 1933 Rachid Arhab journalist born 1955 Thierry Queffelec civil servant and Prefect of French Guiana born 1962 6 Francis Renaud actor born 1967 Carole Gaessler journalist born 1968 La Grande Sophie singer born 1969 Eddy Riva race walker born 1973 Frederic Weis Le dunk de la mort born 1977 Nasreddine Kraouche footballer born 1979 Julien Quercia footballer born 1986 Benjamin Corgnet footballer born 1987 References edit Repertoire national des elus les maires in French data gouv fr Plateforme ouverte des donnees publiques francaises 6 June 2023 Populations legales 2021 The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies 28 December 2023 Decret n 2014 183 du 18 fevrier 2014 portant delimitation des cantons dans le departement de la Moselle a b Des villages de Cassini aux communes d aujourd hui Commune data sheet Thionville EHESS in French Population en historique depuis 1968 INSEE Thierry Queffelec devient prefet de Guyane Karib Info in French Retrieved 17 April 2021 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thionville nbsp Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Diedenhofen in French Thionville Official website nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a Missing or empty title help passim Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Thionville amp oldid 1216902349, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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