The growling grass frog (Ranoidea raniformis), also commonly known as the southern bell frog, warty swamp frog and erroneously as the green frog, is a species of ground-dwelling tree frog native to southeastern Australia, ranging from southern South Australia along the Murray River though Victoria to New South Wales, with populations through Tasmania. This species' common names vary between states; the name southern bell frog applies in New South Wales and South Australia, growling grass frog in Victoria, and green and gold frog in Tasmania. This species has been introduced to New Zealand.
The growling grass frog is a very large, ground-dwelling tree frog up to 10 cm (almost 4 in) from snout to vent. It is a mottled bright green and bronze colour above, often with dark brown enameled bumps. It has a pale cream underside, with a faint cobbling pattern. A pale stripe runs from the side of the head down the flanks as a skin fold. The thighs are blue-green in colour.
There are a series of shallow bumps over its back. This frog closely resembles the green and golden bell frog (Ranoidea aurea), but is distinguished by the shallow bumps on its back, a shorter call, and a slightly different head and snout shape. The tympanum is visible in these frogs.
The tadpoles are also very large (up to 9.5 cm or 3.7 in). The tadpoles often have a coppery pigment along their sides and an iridescent green sheen along their backbones.
Ecology and behaviouredit
This species is associated with large swamps, permanent dam impoundments, ponds, and lakes (particularly ones with reeds) in woodland, shrubland, open and coastal areas.
This frog is an agile climber, but is most often found among dense reeds or along swampy grasslands. It hunts and basks in the sun during the day. Growling grass frogs reportedly hunt other frogs by zoning into the sound of their calls.
The call is a three part moaning "craw-ork ar-ar", rising and then falling in tone (described as the sound of a duck or goose being strangled). The males develop black, rough nuptial pads on their thumbs during the breeding season, which occurs during spring through to late summer. Females have the ability to hiss when threatened. The eggs (up to several thousand) are distributed in a loose pile. The tadpole stage lasts approximately 12 weeks.
This frog has declined across much of its range and has disappeared altogether from some regions (such as the Australian Capital Territory and the lowest 200 KM of the River Murray). Several populations along the River Murray have been stabilised through the regular managed delivery of water to breeding locations (for example in the Lower Murrumbidgee catchment in New South Wales and the Riverland region of South Australia). Frogs are regularly recorded in suburban Melbourne and Geelong, with similar records from regional cities. Animals released from the pet trade established in the Adelaide Hills in the 1990s but this population is now extinct.[2]
As a petedit
It is kept as a pet; in Australia, this animal may be kept in captivity with the appropriate permit.
Referencesedit
Wikispecies has information related to Litoria raniformis.
^"Litoria raniformis (Keferstein , 1867): Golden Bell Frog". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
Robinson, M. 2002. A Field Guide to Frogs of Australia. Australian Museum/Reed New Holland: Sydney.
Antsis, M. 2002. Tadpoles of South Eastern Australia
Frogs of Australia -Frog call available here.
Article Road: List of All Frog Breeds: Things You Can Do to Ensure Your Frog Has a Long, Happy and Healthy Life: Growling Grass Frog
December 15, 2023
growling, grass, frog, green, gold, frog, redirects, here, confused, with, green, golden, frog, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, th. Green and gold frog redirects here Not to be confused with Green and golden frog This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message The growling grass frog Ranoidea raniformis also commonly known as the southern bell frog warty swamp frog and erroneously as the green frog is a species of ground dwelling tree frog native to southeastern Australia ranging from southern South Australia along the Murray River though Victoria to New South Wales with populations through Tasmania This species common names vary between states the name southern bell frog applies in New South Wales and South Australia growling grass frog in Victoria and green and gold frog in Tasmania This species has been introduced to New Zealand Growling grass frogConservation statusEndangered IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AmphibiaOrder AnuraFamily HylidaeGenus RanoideaSpecies R raniformisBinomial nameRanoidea raniformisKeferstein 1867Native range Contents 1 Description 2 Ecology and behaviour 3 As a pet 4 ReferencesDescription edit nbsp A light green Litoria raniformisThe growling grass frog is a very large ground dwelling tree frog up to 10 cm almost 4 in from snout to vent It is a mottled bright green and bronze colour above often with dark brown enameled bumps It has a pale cream underside with a faint cobbling pattern A pale stripe runs from the side of the head down the flanks as a skin fold The thighs are blue green in colour There are a series of shallow bumps over its back This frog closely resembles the green and golden bell frog Ranoidea aurea but is distinguished by the shallow bumps on its back a shorter call and a slightly different head and snout shape The tympanum is visible in these frogs The tadpoles are also very large up to 9 5 cm or 3 7 in The tadpoles often have a coppery pigment along their sides and an iridescent green sheen along their backbones Ecology and behaviour editThis species is associated with large swamps permanent dam impoundments ponds and lakes particularly ones with reeds in woodland shrubland open and coastal areas This frog is an agile climber but is most often found among dense reeds or along swampy grasslands It hunts and basks in the sun during the day Growling grass frogs reportedly hunt other frogs by zoning into the sound of their calls The call is a three part moaning craw ork ar ar rising and then falling in tone described as the sound of a duck or goose being strangled The males develop black rough nuptial pads on their thumbs during the breeding season which occurs during spring through to late summer Females have the ability to hiss when threatened The eggs up to several thousand are distributed in a loose pile The tadpole stage lasts approximately 12 weeks This frog has declined across much of its range and has disappeared altogether from some regions such as the Australian Capital Territory and the lowest 200 KM of the River Murray Several populations along the River Murray have been stabilised through the regular managed delivery of water to breeding locations for example in the Lower Murrumbidgee catchment in New South Wales and the Riverland region of South Australia Frogs are regularly recorded in suburban Melbourne and Geelong with similar records from regional cities Animals released from the pet trade established in the Adelaide Hills in the 1990s but this population is now extinct 2 As a pet editIt is kept as a pet in Australia this animal may be kept in captivity with the appropriate permit References edit nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Litoria raniformis Gillespie et al 2004 Litoria raniformis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 Retrieved 11 May 2006 old form url Litoria raniformis Keferstein 1867 Golden Bell Frog Atlas of Living Australia Retrieved 16 November 2022 Robinson M 2002 A Field Guide to Frogs of Australia Australian Museum Reed New Holland Sydney Antsis M 2002 Tadpoles of South Eastern Australia Frogs of Australia Frog call available here Frog Australia Network Article Road List of All Frog Breeds Things You Can Do to Ensure Your Frog Has a Long Happy and Healthy Life Growling Grass Frog Department of Environment Climate Change and Water New South Wales Amphibian Keeper s Licence Species Lists Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Growling grass frog amp oldid 1155672052, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
