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George Cornelius Gorham

April 15, 2024

George Cornelius Gorham (1787–1857) was a priest in the Church of England. His legal recourse to being denied a certain post, decided subsequently by a secular court, caused great controversy.

The Reverend

George Cornelius Gorham
Gorham in 1850
Born(1787-08-21)21 August 1787
St Neots, England
Died19 June 1857(1857-06-19) (aged 69)
Brampford Speke, England
Alma materQueens' College, Cambridge
Known forBeing denied an ecclesiastical preferment due to his opinions concerning baptismal regeneration
ReligionChristianity (Anglican)
ChurchChurch of England
Ordained
  • 1811 (deacon)
  • 1812 (priest)
Offices held

Early life edit

George Cornelius Gorham was born on 21 August 1787 in St Neots, Huntingdonshire, to Mary (née Greame) and George James Gorham.[1] He entered Queens' College, Cambridge, in 1805, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree as third wrangler and Smith's prizeman in 1809.[2]

He was ordained as a deacon on 10 March 1811,[2] despite the misgivings of the Bishop of Ely, Thomas Dampier, who found Gorham's opinions at odds with Anglican doctrine.[3] Gorham's views on baptism had caused comment, particularly his contention that by baptism infants do not become members of Christ and the children of God.[4] After being ordained as a priest on 23 February 1812[2] and serving as a curate in several parishes, he was instituted as vicar of St Just in Penwith by Henry Phillpotts, Bishop of Exeter, in 1846.[5]

Controversy edit

In 1847 Gorham was presented by the Earl of Cottenham, the Lord Chancellor, to the vicarage of Brampford Speke, a parish in a small Devon village near Exeter,[6] which has a parish church dedicated to Saint Peter.[7] The bishop argued that Gorham's Calvinistic view of baptism made him unsuitable for the post.[8] Gorham appealed to the ecclesiastical Court of Arches to compel the bishop to institute him but the court confirmed the bishop's decision and awarded costs against Gorham.[9]

 
Plaque for George Cornelius Gorham in St Neots

Gorham then appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, which caused great controversy about whether a secular court should decide the doctrine of the Church of England.[10] The ecclesiastical lawyer Edward Lowth Badeley, a member of the Oxford Movement, appeared before the committee to argue the bishop's cause, but the committee (Knight Bruce, V-C dissenting)[11] [12] eventually reversed the bishop's and the Arches' decision on 9 March 1850 and granted Gorham his institution.[13]

Phillpotts repudiated the judgment and threatened to excommunicate the archbishop of Canterbury and anyone who dared to institute Gorham.[14] Fourteen prominent Anglicans, including Henry Edward Manning, requested that the Church of England repudiate the opinion that the Privy Council had expressed concerning baptism.[15] As there was not any response from the Church apart from Phillpotts' protestations, they quit the Church of England and joined the Catholic Church.

Subsequent life edit

Gorham himself spent the rest of his life at his post in Brampford Speke. As vicar, Gorham restored the church building, entirely rebuilding the tower, for which Phillpotts gave some money. He was an antiquary and botanist of some reputation, as well as the author of a number of pamphlets.[16] He died on 19 June 1857 in Brampford Speke.[17]

Publications edit

  • George Cornelius Gorham, The History and Antiquities of Eynesbury and St. Neot's, in Huntingdonshire, and of St. Neot's in the county of Cornwall, 1820.

See also edit

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ Boase 1890, p. 243; Burke 1835, p. 590.
  2. ^ a b c "Gorham, George Cornelius (GRN805GC)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  3. ^ Boase 1890, p. 243.
  4. ^ Gilman, Peck & Colby 1905.
  5. ^ Boase 1890, p. 244.
  6. ^ Boase 1890, p. 244; Eckel 1952, p. 276.
  7. ^ "St Peter Church Brampford Speke". www.achurchnearyou.com. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  8. ^ "Henry Phillpotts" 2016.
  9. ^ Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 1850, p. 2.
  10. ^ Erb 2013, p. lxxi.
  11. ^ [1850] Moore's Special Report, 462.
  12. ^ Brodrick, George C.; Fremantle, William H., eds. (1865). A Collection of the Judgments of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in Ecclesiastical Cases Relating to Doctrine and Discipline. p. 64, at p.105.
  13. ^ Eckel 1952, p. 276.
  14. ^ Jordan 1998.
  15. ^ Strachey 1918, pp. 56–58.
  16. ^ Beeson 2002, p. 212; Gilman, Peck & Colby 1905.
  17. ^ Boase 1890, p. 245.

Works cited edit

  • Beeson, Trevor (2002). The Bishops. London: SCM Press (published 2003). ISBN 978-0-334-02916-8.
  • Boase, George Clement (1890). "Gorham, George Cornelius". In Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sidney (eds.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 22. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 243–245.
  • Burke, John (1835). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours. Vol. 2. London: Henry Colburn. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  • Eckel, E. H. (1952). "Review of Gorham and the Bishop of Exeter by J. C. S. Nias". Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church. 21 (2): 276–277. ISSN 0018-2486. JSTOR 42972116.
  • Erb, Peter C. (2013). Introduction. The Correspondence of Henry Edward Manning and William Ewart Gladstone. By Manning, Henry Edward; Gladstone, William Ewart. Erb, Peter C. (ed.). Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. xiii–cxx. doi:10.1093/actrade/9780199577323.book.1. ISBN 978-0-19-957732-3.
  • Gilman, Daniel Coit; Peck, Harry Thurston; Colby, Frank Moore, eds. (1905). "Gorham, George Cornelius" . New International Encyclopedia. Vol. 9 (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. p. 50.
  • "Henry Phillpotts". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  • Jordan, Andrew (1998). "George Cornelius Gorham, Clerk v Henry Phillpotts, Bishop of Exeter: A Case of Anglican Anxieties". Ecclesiastical Law Journal. 5 (23): 104–111. doi:10.1017/S0956618X00000065. ISSN 0956-618X. S2CID 144324453.
  • Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (1850). Gorham v. Bishop of Exeter: The Judgment of the Judicial Committee of Privy Council, Delivered March 8, 1850, Reversing the Decision of Sir H. J. Fust. London: Seeleys. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  • Strachey, Lytton (1918). Eminent Victorians. Garden City, New York: Garden City Publishing Co. Retrieved 14 December 2017.

Further reading edit

External links edit

April 15, 2024
george, cornelius, gorham, 1787, 1857, priest, church, england, legal, recourse, being, denied, certain, post, decided, subsequently, secular, court, caused, great, controversy, reverendgorham, 1850born, 1787, august, 1787st, neots, englanddied19, june, 1857, . George Cornelius Gorham 1787 1857 was a priest in the Church of England His legal recourse to being denied a certain post decided subsequently by a secular court caused great controversy The ReverendGeorge Cornelius GorhamGorham in 1850Born 1787 08 21 21 August 1787St Neots EnglandDied19 June 1857 1857 06 19 aged 69 Brampford Speke EnglandAlma materQueens College CambridgeKnown forBeing denied an ecclesiastical preferment due to his opinions concerning baptismal regenerationReligionChristianity Anglican ChurchChurch of EnglandOrdained1811 deacon 1812 priest Offices heldVicar of St Just in Penwith 1846 c 1847 Vicar of Brampford Speke 1847 1857 Contents 1 Early life 2 Controversy 3 Subsequent life 4 Publications 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Citations 6 2 Works cited 7 Further reading 8 External linksEarly life editGeorge Cornelius Gorham was born on 21 August 1787 in St Neots Huntingdonshire to Mary nee Greame and George James Gorham 1 He entered Queens College Cambridge in 1805 graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree as third wrangler and Smith s prizeman in 1809 2 He was ordained as a deacon on 10 March 1811 2 despite the misgivings of the Bishop of Ely Thomas Dampier who found Gorham s opinions at odds with Anglican doctrine 3 Gorham s views on baptism had caused comment particularly his contention that by baptism infants do not become members of Christ and the children of God 4 After being ordained as a priest on 23 February 1812 2 and serving as a curate in several parishes he was instituted as vicar of St Just in Penwith by Henry Phillpotts Bishop of Exeter in 1846 5 Controversy editIn 1847 Gorham was presented by the Earl of Cottenham the Lord Chancellor to the vicarage of Brampford Speke a parish in a small Devon village near Exeter 6 which has a parish church dedicated to Saint Peter 7 The bishop argued that Gorham s Calvinistic view of baptism made him unsuitable for the post 8 Gorham appealed to the ecclesiastical Court of Arches to compel the bishop to institute him but the court confirmed the bishop s decision and awarded costs against Gorham 9 nbsp Plaque for George Cornelius Gorham in St NeotsGorham then appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council which caused great controversy about whether a secular court should decide the doctrine of the Church of England 10 The ecclesiastical lawyer Edward Lowth Badeley a member of the Oxford Movement appeared before the committee to argue the bishop s cause but the committee Knight Bruce V C dissenting 11 12 eventually reversed the bishop s and the Arches decision on 9 March 1850 and granted Gorham his institution 13 Phillpotts repudiated the judgment and threatened to excommunicate the archbishop of Canterbury and anyone who dared to institute Gorham 14 Fourteen prominent Anglicans including Henry Edward Manning requested that the Church of England repudiate the opinion that the Privy Council had expressed concerning baptism 15 As there was not any response from the Church apart from Phillpotts protestations they quit the Church of England and joined the Catholic Church Subsequent life editGorham himself spent the rest of his life at his post in Brampford Speke As vicar Gorham restored the church building entirely rebuilding the tower for which Phillpotts gave some money He was an antiquary and botanist of some reputation as well as the author of a number of pamphlets 16 He died on 19 June 1857 in Brampford Speke 17 Publications editGeorge Cornelius Gorham The History and Antiquities of Eynesbury and St Neot s in Huntingdonshire and of St Neot s in the county of Cornwall 1820 See also edit nbsp Christianity portal nbsp Biography portalCanon law of the Church of England Diocese of ExeterReferences editCitations edit Boase 1890 p 243 Burke 1835 p 590 a b c Gorham George Cornelius GRN805GC A Cambridge Alumni Database University of Cambridge Boase 1890 p 243 Gilman Peck amp Colby 1905 Boase 1890 p 244 Boase 1890 p 244 Eckel 1952 p 276 St Peter Church Brampford Speke www achurchnearyou com Retrieved 28 May 2022 Henry Phillpotts 2016 Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 1850 p 2 Erb 2013 p lxxi 1850 Moore s Special Report 462 Brodrick George C Fremantle William H eds 1865 A Collection of the Judgments of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in Ecclesiastical Cases Relating to Doctrine and Discipline p 64 at p 105 Eckel 1952 p 276 Jordan 1998 Strachey 1918 pp 56 58 Beeson 2002 p 212 Gilman Peck amp Colby 1905 Boase 1890 p 245 Works cited edit Beeson Trevor 2002 The Bishops London SCM Press published 2003 ISBN 978 0 334 02916 8 Boase George Clement 1890 Gorham George Cornelius In Stephen Leslie Lee Sidney eds Dictionary of National Biography Vol 22 London Smith Elder amp Co pp 243 245 Burke John 1835 A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours Vol 2 London Henry Colburn Retrieved 14 December 2017 Eckel E H 1952 Review of Gorham and the Bishop of Exeter by J C S Nias Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church 21 2 276 277 ISSN 0018 2486 JSTOR 42972116 Erb Peter C 2013 Introduction The Correspondence of Henry Edward Manning and William Ewart Gladstone By Manning Henry Edward Gladstone William Ewart Erb Peter C ed Vol 1 Oxford Oxford University Press pp xiii cxx doi 10 1093 actrade 9780199577323 book 1 ISBN 978 0 19 957732 3 Gilman Daniel Coit Peck Harry Thurston Colby Frank Moore eds 1905 Gorham George Cornelius New International Encyclopedia Vol 9 1st ed New York Dodd Mead and Company p 50 Henry Phillpotts Encyclopaedia Britannica 2016 Retrieved 14 December 2017 Jordan Andrew 1998 George Cornelius Gorham Clerk v Henry Phillpotts Bishop of Exeter A Case of Anglican Anxieties Ecclesiastical Law Journal 5 23 104 111 doi 10 1017 S0956618X00000065 ISSN 0956 618X S2CID 144324453 Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 1850 Gorham v Bishop of Exeter The Judgment of the Judicial Committee of Privy Council Delivered March 8 1850 Reversing the Decision of Sir H J Fust London Seeleys Retrieved 14 December 2017 Strachey Lytton 1918 Eminent Victorians Garden City New York Garden City Publishing Co Retrieved 14 December 2017 Further reading editGilman Daniel Coit Peck Harry Thurston Colby Frank Moore eds 1905 Gorham Controversy New International Encyclopedia Vol 9 1st ed New York Dodd Mead and Company pp 50 51 Keble John 2003 1868 Village Sermons on the Baptismal Service Project Canterbury Retrieved 26 January 2018 Liddon Henry Parry 1898 Life of Edward Bouverie Pusey Vol 3 4th ed London Longmans Green and Co Retrieved 26 January 2018 Nias J C S 1951 Gorham and the Bishop of Exeter London SPCK Phillpotts Henry 1850 A Letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury from the Bishop of Exeter New York Pudney amp Russell Retrieved 26 January 2018 Wolffe John 2004 Gorham George Cornelius 1787 1857 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 11099 Wood James ed 1907 Gorham George Cornelius The Nuttall Encyclopaedia London Frederick Warne External links editDocuments connected with the Gorham Controversy from Project Canterbury George C Gorham letter 1856 at Pitts Theology Library Candler School of Theology Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title George Cornelius Gorham amp oldid 1197982522, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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