The Gomti, Gumti or Gomati River is a tributary of the Ganges. According to beliefs, the river is the son of RishiVashishtha and bathing in the Gomti on Ekadashi (the 11th day of the two lunar phases of the Hindu calendar month) can wash away sins.[1] According to the Bhagavata Purana, one of Hinduism's major religious works, Gomti is one of the five transcendental rivers of India.[2] The rare Gomti Chakra is found there.[3]
The Gomti, a monsoon- and groundwater-fed river, originates from Gomat Taal (formally known as Fulhaar jheel) in fulhar village of tehsil kalinagar, Pilibhit, India. It extends 960 kilometres (600 mi) through Uttar Pradesh and meets the Ganges near Saidpur (Ghazipur district), Kaithi, 27 kilometres (17 mi) from Varanasi district.
It meets a small river, the Gaihaaee, 20 kilometres (12 mi) from its origin. The Gomti is a narrow stream until it reaches Mohammadi Kheri, a tehsil of Lakhimpur Kheri district (about 68 kilometres (42 mi)from its origin), where it is joined by tributaries such as the Sukheta, Choha and Andhra Choha. The river is then well-defined, with the Kathina tributary joining it at Mailani and Sarayan joining it at a village in Sitapur district. A major tributary is the Sai River, which joins the Gomti near Jaunpur. The Markandey Mahadeo temple is at the confluence of the Gomti and the Ganges.
After 190 kilometres (120 mi) the Gomti enters Lucknow, meandering through the city for about 30 kilometres (19 mi) and supplying its water. In the Lucknow area, 25 city drains pour untreated sewage into the river. At the downstream end, the Gomti barrage converts the river into a lake.
The Gomti River is polluted at several points of its course through the 940-kilometre (580 mi) stretch of alluvial plains in Uttar Pradesh.[4] The major sources of pollution are industrial waste and effluent from sugar factories and distilleries and residential wastewater and sewage.
The river and its tributaries, such as Kukrail Drainage,[5] collect large amounts of human and industrial pollutants as they flow through an area of about 18 million people. High pollution levels threaten the Gomti's aquatic life. On 25 July 2008, the foundation stone of a 345-million-litre (91,000,000 US gal)-capacity sewage treatment plant was laid.[6]
The plant, promoted as Asia's largest, failed; in 2014 it was reportedly running at 10 percent of capacity,[7] and beyond the plant (near Bharwara) untreated sewage and solid waste entered the river. The plant was intended to intercept the 23 major natural drains entering the Gomti.
Riverfront development controversy
Temporary dam stopping the Gomti River for construction on the riverbed
Gomti riverfront, with heavy machinery over the riverbed and floodplain
Gomti riverfront reclaimed riverbed and floodplain
The Gomti has been stressed, particularly in and around Lucknow, for decades. There are three major issues:[8]
Embankments - High embankments were built around the river to protect the population of Lucknow after a major flood during 1970s, altering the Gomti's natural floodplain.
Pollution - The Gomti has 40 natural drains, of which 23 are major. The drains, which carried surplus water into the river during the monsoon and recharged the underground water table, were reduced to carry residential and industrial sewage into the river.
Development - The river's floodplains and fertile land were covered with residential areas, such as Gomti Nagar and Triveni Nagar. The Gomti began receding during the late 1970s, and was under major stress in 2016.[8]
Although government agencies planned major projects, such as the Bharwara sewage treatment plant and mechanical dredging, most were unsuccessful.[9] The Gomti rises by 10–12 meters during the monsoon, and in 2008 a major flood was reported.[10]
Around 2012, the newly-elected government and the Lucknow Development Authority began a feasibility study with the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee to build a river-front similar to Sabarmati Riverfront in Ahmedabad. The LDA submitted the report, warning about the negative consequences of reducing the Gomti to less than 250 meters wide. At 250 meters wide (with walls on both sides), the river's velocity would increase by 20 percent and its bed-shear stress by 30 percent. Current embankments would have to be raised by 1.5 meters, and the high flood level (HFL) would increase by 1.25 meters. Two bridges would be threatened with collapse under flood conditions.[8] The plan was given to the irrigation department, which signed a memorandum of understanding with IIT Roorkee in December 2015 to conduct a similar study on the project.[11]
The riverfront-development project is seen as a political showdown[8] between the state government and the ruling party, whose similar construction in Ahmedabad over the Sabarmati River has been projected as a showcase of development in the state of Gujarat. Many noted environmentalists and river-system experts vehemently opposed[12] that project as well. Both projects are seen as a template for similar interference with river systems across India, including the Yamuna, the Hindon and the Varuna.[8]
Flooding
Monsoon flooding leads to several problems when the water recedes, including the danger posed by drying potholes and pits (which host disease causing mosquitoes such as malaria and dengue).
^"Gomati River Expedition 2011". Retrieved 18 January 2013.
^. 4 January 2010. Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
^"Magic SEA Underground: Magical Uses Of Gomti Chakra (Cat's Eye Shell)". liewsp1-magicsea.blogspot.in. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
^. The Times of India. 28 January 2010. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
^"Kukrail Nala Lucknow a Major tributary of river Gomti - Research and analysis". Kukrail Nala Lucknow a Major tributary of river Gomti - Research and analysis. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
^"Foundation laid for country's largest STP to clean Gomti in UP". 25 July 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2008.
^"Asia's biggest sewage treatment plant running at 10 pc capacity". The Indian Express. 3 December 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
^ abcde"Gomti River and Riverfront Lucknow - Analysis on Restoration and Development". Gomti River and Riverfront Lucknow - Analysis on Restoration and Development. 10 February 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
^"River linking urgent as Gomti gasps for water - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
^"Flood waters enter parts of Lucknow | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dna. 26 August 2008. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
^"Contacting IIT Roorkee for relevant information". Contacting IIT Roorkee for relevant information. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
^Sandrp (17 September 2014). "Riverfront Development in India: Cosmetic make up on deep wounds". SANDRP. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gomti River.
gomti, river, gomati, river, redirects, here, river, north, west, india, gomati, river, rajasthan, river, north, east, india, bangladesh, gumti, river, tripura, gomti, gumti, gomati, river, tributary, ganges, according, beliefs, river, rishi, vashishtha, bathi. Gomati River redirects here For the river in north west India see Gomati River Rajasthan For the river in north east India and Bangladesh see Gumti River Tripura The Gomti Gumti or Gomati River is a tributary of the Ganges According to beliefs the river is the son of Rishi Vashishtha and bathing in the Gomti on Ekadashi the 11th day of the two lunar phases of the Hindu calendar month can wash away sins 1 According to the Bhagavata Purana one of Hinduism s major religious works Gomti is one of the five transcendental rivers of India 2 The rare Gomti Chakra is found there 3 Gomti RiverGumti RiverGomti River at LucknowLocationCountryIndiaPhysical characteristicsSourceGomat Taal Madho Tanda Pilibhit Uttar Pradesh locationMiddle Ganga Plain coordinates25 30 29 N 83 10 11 E 25 50806 N 83 16972 E 25 50806 83 16972 elevation200 m 660 ft Length475 km 295 mi Discharge locationSaidpur Uttar Pradesh average234 m3 s 8 300 cu ft s Basin featuresTributaries rightSai Contents 1 Course 2 Pollution 3 Riverfront development controversy 4 Flooding 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksCourse Edit The banks of the Gomti in Jaunpur The Gomti a monsoon and groundwater fed river originates from Gomat Taal formally known as Fulhaar jheel in fulhar village of tehsil kalinagar Pilibhit India It extends 960 kilometres 600 mi through Uttar Pradesh and meets the Ganges near Saidpur Ghazipur district Kaithi 27 kilometres 17 mi from Varanasi district It meets a small river the Gaihaaee 20 kilometres 12 mi from its origin The Gomti is a narrow stream until it reaches Mohammadi Kheri a tehsil of Lakhimpur Kheri district about 68 kilometres 42 mi from its origin where it is joined by tributaries such as the Sukheta Choha and Andhra Choha The river is then well defined with the Kathina tributary joining it at Mailani and Sarayan joining it at a village in Sitapur district A major tributary is the Sai River which joins the Gomti near Jaunpur The Markandey Mahadeo temple is at the confluence of the Gomti and the Ganges After 190 kilometres 120 mi the Gomti enters Lucknow meandering through the city for about 30 kilometres 19 mi and supplying its water In the Lucknow area 25 city drains pour untreated sewage into the river At the downstream end the Gomti barrage converts the river into a lake In addition to Lucknow Gola Gokaran Nath Misrikh Neemsar Lakhimpur Kheri Sultanpur Kerakat and Jaunpur Zafarabad are the most prominent of the 20 towns in the river s catchment basin The river cuts the Sultanpur district and Jaunpur in half becoming wider in the city Pollution Edit The Gomti in Sitapur district The Gomti River is polluted at several points of its course through the 940 kilometre 580 mi stretch of alluvial plains in Uttar Pradesh 4 The major sources of pollution are industrial waste and effluent from sugar factories and distilleries and residential wastewater and sewage The river and its tributaries such as Kukrail Drainage 5 collect large amounts of human and industrial pollutants as they flow through an area of about 18 million people High pollution levels threaten the Gomti s aquatic life On 25 July 2008 the foundation stone of a 345 million litre 91 000 000 US gal capacity sewage treatment plant was laid 6 The plant promoted as Asia s largest failed in 2014 it was reportedly running at 10 percent of capacity 7 and beyond the plant near Bharwara untreated sewage and solid waste entered the river The plant was intended to intercept the 23 major natural drains entering the Gomti Riverfront development controversy Edit Temporary dam stopping the Gomti River for construction on the riverbed Gomti riverfront with heavy machinery over the riverbed and floodplain Gomti riverfront reclaimed riverbed and floodplain The Gomti has been stressed particularly in and around Lucknow for decades There are three major issues 8 Embankments High embankments were built around the river to protect the population of Lucknow after a major flood during 1970s altering the Gomti s natural floodplain Pollution The Gomti has 40 natural drains of which 23 are major The drains which carried surplus water into the river during the monsoon and recharged the underground water table were reduced to carry residential and industrial sewage into the river Development The river s floodplains and fertile land were covered with residential areas such as Gomti Nagar and Triveni Nagar The Gomti began receding during the late 1970s and was under major stress in 2016 8 Although government agencies planned major projects such as the Bharwara sewage treatment plant and mechanical dredging most were unsuccessful 9 The Gomti rises by 10 12 meters during the monsoon and in 2008 a major flood was reported 10 Around 2012 the newly elected government and the Lucknow Development Authority began a feasibility study with the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee to build a river front similar to Sabarmati Riverfront in Ahmedabad The LDA submitted the report warning about the negative consequences of reducing the Gomti to less than 250 meters wide At 250 meters wide with walls on both sides the river s velocity would increase by 20 percent and its bed shear stress by 30 percent Current embankments would have to be raised by 1 5 meters and the high flood level HFL would increase by 1 25 meters Two bridges would be threatened with collapse under flood conditions 8 The plan was given to the irrigation department which signed a memorandum of understanding with IIT Roorkee in December 2015 to conduct a similar study on the project 11 The riverfront development project is seen as a political showdown 8 between the state government and the ruling party whose similar construction in Ahmedabad over the Sabarmati River has been projected as a showcase of development in the state of Gujarat Many noted environmentalists and river system experts vehemently opposed 12 that project as well Both projects are seen as a template for similar interference with river systems across India including the Yamuna the Hindon and the Varuna 8 Flooding EditMonsoon flooding leads to several problems when the water recedes including the danger posed by drying potholes and pits which host disease causing mosquitoes such as malaria and dengue See also EditList of rivers of IndiaReferences Edit Gomati River Expedition 2011 Retrieved 18 January 2013 Bhaktivedanta VedaBase Srimad Bhagavatam 5 19 17 18 4 January 2010 Archived from the original on 29 February 2012 Retrieved 4 January 2010 Magic SEA Underground Magical Uses Of Gomti Chakra Cat s Eye Shell liewsp1 magicsea blogspot in Retrieved 7 November 2015 Aiming for a scrubbed clean look The Times of India 28 January 2010 Archived from the original on 4 November 2012 Retrieved 28 January 2010 Kukrail Nala Lucknow a Major tributary of river Gomti Research and analysis Kukrail Nala Lucknow a Major tributary of river Gomti Research and analysis 12 July 2016 Retrieved 6 January 2017 Foundation laid for country s largest STP to clean Gomti in UP 25 July 2008 Retrieved 21 December 2008 Asia s biggest sewage treatment plant running at 10 pc capacity The Indian Express 3 December 2014 Retrieved 5 January 2017 a b c d e Gomti River and Riverfront Lucknow Analysis on Restoration and Development Gomti River and Riverfront Lucknow Analysis on Restoration and Development 10 February 2016 Retrieved 5 January 2017 River linking urgent as Gomti gasps for water Times of India The Times of India Retrieved 5 January 2017 Flood waters enter parts of Lucknow Latest News amp Updates at Daily News amp Analysis dna 26 August 2008 Retrieved 5 January 2017 Contacting IIT Roorkee for relevant information Contacting IIT Roorkee for relevant information Retrieved 5 January 2017 Sandrp 17 September 2014 Riverfront Development in India Cosmetic make up on deep wounds SANDRP Retrieved 6 January 2017 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gomti River Sacred Rivers Sewage kills thousands of fish in north Indian river Babu Lal Sharma Associated Press 22 August 2003 Markandey Mahadeo on Wikimapia Reference to Gomti River System Coordinates 25 30 29 N 83 10 11 E 25 50806 N 83 16972 E 25 50806 83 16972 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gomti River amp oldid 1142652104, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
