The placement of this species and genus within the passerines is uncertain.[3] It has been suggested that it belongs with the whistlers, in the family Pachycephalidae, based on its bright yellow plumage and voice, and the species is sometimes known as the dwarf whistler. Others have suggested placing it with the Australasian robins in the family Petroicidae, but the nest architecture is unlike that of the robin family; in fact, its nests more closely resemble those of the thornbills in the family Acanthizidae, another family to which it has sometimes been aligned. This relationship was supported by a 2009 molecular study, which placed the species in that family.[4] There are four subspecies: Pachycare flavogriseum flavogriseum, P. f. subaurantium, P. f. subpallidum and P. f. lecroyae.[5]
Range and distributionedit
The species is endemic to the island of New Guinea, where it occurs in both Papua and Papua New Guinea.[3] The preferred habitat of the goldenface is hill and montane forest, between 400 and 1800 m; it is usually commoner in dense forest between 1600 and 1800 m.
The goldenface is a small whistler, around 13 cm in length and weighing 14–19 g.[3] The plumage of the species is striking; the nominate subspecies (Pachycare flavogriseum flavogriseum) has a slate-grey back, tail, wing, cap and back of the neck and bright yellow face, throat, breast and belly. From the crown to the shoulder, the face is bordered with a black line and the tertial feathers of the wing are tipped with black and white. The eye and bill are black and the legs are pink. There is a small amount of sexual dimorphism, with the female differing from the male in having a dusky patch on the face. Immature birds of either sexes resemble the female. The three other subspecies resemble the nominate subspecies with minor differences. The subspecies P. f. subaurantium has darker upperparts and a slight orange tint, and P. f. subpallidum has much paler upperparts and the most yellow undersides. The identification of goldenface study skins held in museum collections is complicated by the tendency of the plumage colours used to identify the subspecies fading after death.[3]
Behaviouredit
Insects and spiders form the majority of the diet of this species. These prey items are gleaned from the outer foliage of trees, usually in the midstory, sometimes entering the upper stories of the forest. Goldenfaces will sometimes join mixed-species feeding flocks when foraging.[3]
Little is known about the breeding biology of the goldenface. It may be slightly seasonal; birds in breeding condition have been found in August and October, and eggs and nestlings have been found from June to November. The nest, which is built by both parents, is globular in shape and has a downward pointing side entrance.
Referencesedit
^BirdLife International (2016). "Pachycare flavogriseum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22705414A94017602. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22705414A94017602.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.10.2.
^Norman, Janette; Walter E. Boles; Les Christidis (2009). "Relationships of the New Guinean songbird genera Amalocichla and Pachycare based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences". Journal of Avian Biology. 40 (6): 640–645. doi:10.1111/j.1600-048X.2009.04722.x.
^Gill, F. and D. Donsker, eds. (2020). IOC World Bird List (v 10.1). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.10.1. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
January 15, 2024
goldenface, confused, with, goldface, comics, fictional, character, goldenface, pachycare, flavogriseum, species, passerine, bird, endemic, guinea, only, species, monotypic, within, genus, pachycare, illustration, john, gould, hartconservation, statusleast, co. Not to be confused with Goldface a DC Comics fictional character The goldenface Pachycare flavogriseum is a species of passerine bird endemic to New Guinea It is the only species monotypic within the genus Pachycare 3 GoldenfaceIllustration by John Gould and W HartConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PasseriformesFamily AcanthizidaeGenus PachycareGould 1876Species P flavogriseumBinomial namePachycare flavogriseum Meyer 1874 Subspecies 2 P f lecroyae Beehler amp Prawiradilaga 2010 P f flavogriseum Meyer AB 1874 P f subaurantium Rothschild amp Hartert 1911 P f subpallidum Hartert 1930 Contents 1 Taxonomy and systematics 2 Range and distribution 3 Description 4 Behaviour 5 ReferencesTaxonomy and systematics editThe placement of this species and genus within the passerines is uncertain 3 It has been suggested that it belongs with the whistlers in the family Pachycephalidae based on its bright yellow plumage and voice and the species is sometimes known as the dwarf whistler Others have suggested placing it with the Australasian robins in the family Petroicidae but the nest architecture is unlike that of the robin family in fact its nests more closely resemble those of the thornbills in the family Acanthizidae another family to which it has sometimes been aligned This relationship was supported by a 2009 molecular study which placed the species in that family 4 There are four subspecies Pachycare flavogriseum flavogriseum P f subaurantium P f subpallidum and P f lecroyae 5 Range and distribution editThe species is endemic to the island of New Guinea where it occurs in both Papua and Papua New Guinea 3 The preferred habitat of the goldenface is hill and montane forest between 400 and 1800 m it is usually commoner in dense forest between 1600 and 1800 m Description edit nbsp Bird skin specimen at Naturalis Biodiversity CenterThe goldenface is a small whistler around 13 cm in length and weighing 14 19 g 3 The plumage of the species is striking the nominate subspecies Pachycare flavogriseum flavogriseum has a slate grey back tail wing cap and back of the neck and bright yellow face throat breast and belly From the crown to the shoulder the face is bordered with a black line and the tertial feathers of the wing are tipped with black and white The eye and bill are black and the legs are pink There is a small amount of sexual dimorphism with the female differing from the male in having a dusky patch on the face Immature birds of either sexes resemble the female The three other subspecies resemble the nominate subspecies with minor differences The subspecies P f subaurantium has darker upperparts and a slight orange tint and P f subpallidum has much paler upperparts and the most yellow undersides The identification of goldenface study skins held in museum collections is complicated by the tendency of the plumage colours used to identify the subspecies fading after death 3 Behaviour editInsects and spiders form the majority of the diet of this species These prey items are gleaned from the outer foliage of trees usually in the midstory sometimes entering the upper stories of the forest Goldenfaces will sometimes join mixed species feeding flocks when foraging 3 Little is known about the breeding biology of the goldenface It may be slightly seasonal birds in breeding condition have been found in August and October and eggs and nestlings have been found from June to November The nest which is built by both parents is globular in shape and has a downward pointing side entrance References edit BirdLife International 2016 Pachycare flavogriseum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22705414A94017602 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22705414A94017602 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Gill F D Donsker amp P Rasmussen Eds 2020 IOC World Bird List v10 2 doi 10 14344 IOC ML 10 2 a b c d e f Del Hoyo J Elliot A amp Christie D editors 2007 Handbook of the Birds of the World Volume 12 Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees Lynx Edicions ISBN 978 84 96553 42 2 Norman Janette Walter E Boles Les Christidis 2009 Relationships of the New Guinean songbird genera Amalocichla and Pachycare based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences Journal of Avian Biology 40 6 640 645 doi 10 1111 j 1600 048X 2009 04722 x Gill F and D Donsker eds 2020 IOC World Bird List v 10 1 Doi 10 14344 IOC ML 10 1 http www worldbirdnames org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Goldenface amp oldid 1193472286, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
