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The General Confederation of the Kingdom of Poland (28 June 1812 – 30 April 1813, PolishKonfederacja Generalna Królestwa Polskiego) was a governing body of the Duchy of Warsaw created by Napoleon Bonaparte and the Polish political elite on the onset of Napoleon's campaign against Russia, which was proclaimed as "the second Polish war". It took the form of a confederated sejm (parliament). Officially assembled on the 28th of June, 1812,[1] it oversaw the formal transformation of the Duchy of Warsaw into the "Kingdom of Poland".
The newly renamed state laid claim to the territory annexed by the Russian Empire during the partitions, the so called "seized lands" or "seized country" (PolishZiemie zabrane), which were formally retaken in July of 1812. After the defeat of Napoleon in 1813 and the Russian occupation of the Duchy, the Confederation's accomplishments were rendered null in practice.
Napoleon came forward with the plan to create the Confederation in Poznań, on the 31st of May of the same year. He had consulted the issue with Tadeusz Matuszewicz, the treasury minister. In bringing the plans to life, the king of Saxony and duke of Warsaw, Frederick August I, put out a decree on the 26th of May, in which he ceded his powers to the Council of Ministers (PolishRada Ministrów Księstwa Warszawskiego), retaining only the right to appointing and calling off ministers and influence over the law. Reinstating the Kingdom of Poland was intended to strengthen the alliance in the war against Russia. And by doing so, the Grande Armée figured as a liberating force, when entering the territories that had been lost to Russia.
Governmentedit
Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski, the Marshal of the General Confederation
Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski was appointed marshal of the Confederation. Executive power was granted to a body called "General Council of the Confederation" (PolishRada Generalna Konfederacji, Generalność).[2] Members included: Bishop Jan Klemens Gołaszewski, Kajetan Koźmian, Aleksander Linowski, Antoni Ostrowski, Bishop Karol Skórkowski, Fryderyk Skórzewski, Franciszek Wężyk, Stanisław Kostka Zamoyski, Marcin Badeni, Joachim Owidzki, Franciszek Łubieński.[2] The official act of formation of the council was added to "The Crown Metric" (LatinMetrica Regni Poloniae, PolishMetryka Koronna), the register of Polish state documents, acts and letters from as far back as the 1400s, thereby drawing continuity between the Confederation and the partitioned kingdom.
Tenureedit
The Confederation effectively sought to bring back the political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, including its coat of arms and colours, white-crimson. (The latter had been last used by the Bar Confederation.) Its formation was met with great enthusiasm throughout the nation and many hastily assembled local parliaments unanimously agreed to join the confederation.
On the 11th of July, Napoleon received a delegation from the General Council led by Józef Wybicki. The delegation implored the emperor to fully restore the Kingdom of Poland, but was unsuccessful. (Napoleon was allied with the Austrian Empire, one of Poland's partitioners, and thus could not commit to returning any of the annexed territory.)[3]
After the 14th of July, the Confederation formally took administrative control of the Russo-Lithuanian territories taken by the Napoleonic forces. A special commission was formed for the purpose.
In the face of the occupation of Poland by Russian forces, starting with the 30th of April 1813, the Confederation ceased its activities.
Referencesedit
^Jędruch, Jacek (1998). Constitutions, Elections, and Legislatures of Poland, 1493-1993: A Guide to Their History. EJJ Books. pp. 206–207. ISBN978-0-7818-0637-4.
^ ab""Królestwo Polskie Przywrócone", Gazeta Warszawska. 1812, nr 52" ['The Warsaw Gazette']. Gazeta Warszawska (in Polish). Vol. 52. Tadeusz Włodek. 1812.
^ ['Napoleon's Answer to the Deputies of the General Confederacy of the Kingdom of Poland'] (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2017-10-13.
Bibliographyedit
Diariusz Sejmowy z roku 1812, "Teki Archiwalne", t. 21, 1989, pp. 146–152
A. Rembowski, Konfederacja Generalna i pospolite ruszenie w roku 1812, "Biblioteka Warszawska", t. 1, 1896, z. 3, pp. 478–514, t. 2, 1896, z. 1, pp. 67–86
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Polish February 2022 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 1 382 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Polish Wikipedia article at pl Konfederacja Generalna Krolestwa Polskiego see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated pl Konfederacja Generalna Krolestwa Polskiego to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The General Confederation of the Kingdom of Poland 28 June 1812 30 April 1813 Polish Konfederacja Generalna Krolestwa Polskiego was a governing body of the Duchy of Warsaw created by Napoleon Bonaparte and the Polish political elite on the onset of Napoleon s campaign against Russia which was proclaimed as the second Polish war It took the form of a confederated sejm parliament Officially assembled on the 28th of June 1812 1 it oversaw the formal transformation of the Duchy of Warsaw into the Kingdom of Poland General Confederation of the Kingdom of Poland1812 1813Coat of armsSeal The territories of the General Confederation of the Kingdom of Poland including the Duchy of Warsaw and the Lithuanian Provisional Governing Commission at their territorial peak in 1812 CapitalWarsawCommon languagesPolish French German Lithuanian BelarusianDemonym s PolishGovernmentConstitutional monarchKing 1812 1813Frederick Augustus IMarshal of the General Council 1812 1813Adam Kazimierz CzartoryskiHistory Declared28 June 1812 Dissolved30 April 1813CurrencyZlotyPreceded by Succeeded byDuchy of WarsawLithuanian Provisional Governing Commission Duchy of WarsawRussian EmpireToday part ofLithuania Belarus PolandThe newly renamed state laid claim to the territory annexed by the Russian Empire during the partitions the so called seized lands or seized country Polish Ziemie zabrane which were formally retaken in July of 1812 After the defeat of Napoleon in 1813 and the Russian occupation of the Duchy the Confederation s accomplishments were rendered null in practice Contents 1 Origin 2 Government 3 Tenure 4 References 5 BibliographyOrigin editNapoleon came forward with the plan to create the Confederation in Poznan on the 31st of May of the same year He had consulted the issue with Tadeusz Matuszewicz the treasury minister In bringing the plans to life the king of Saxony and duke of Warsaw Frederick August I put out a decree on the 26th of May in which he ceded his powers to the Council of Ministers Polish Rada Ministrow Ksiestwa Warszawskiego retaining only the right to appointing and calling off ministers and influence over the law Reinstating the Kingdom of Poland was intended to strengthen the alliance in the war against Russia And by doing so the Grande Armee figured as a liberating force when entering the territories that had been lost to Russia Government edit nbsp Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski the Marshal of the General ConfederationAdam Kazimierz Czartoryski was appointed marshal of the Confederation Executive power was granted to a body called General Council of the Confederation Polish Rada Generalna Konfederacji Generalnosc 2 Members included Bishop Jan Klemens Golaszewski Kajetan Kozmian Aleksander Linowski Antoni Ostrowski Bishop Karol Skorkowski Fryderyk Skorzewski Franciszek Wezyk Stanislaw Kostka Zamoyski Marcin Badeni Joachim Owidzki Franciszek Lubienski 2 The official act of formation of the council was added to The Crown Metric Latin Metrica Regni Poloniae Polish Metryka Koronna the register of Polish state documents acts and letters from as far back as the 1400s thereby drawing continuity between the Confederation and the partitioned kingdom Tenure editThe Confederation effectively sought to bring back the political system of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth including its coat of arms and colours white crimson The latter had been last used by the Bar Confederation Its formation was met with great enthusiasm throughout the nation and many hastily assembled local parliaments unanimously agreed to join the confederation On the 11th of July Napoleon received a delegation from the General Council led by Jozef Wybicki The delegation implored the emperor to fully restore the Kingdom of Poland but was unsuccessful Napoleon was allied with the Austrian Empire one of Poland s partitioners and thus could not commit to returning any of the annexed territory 3 After the 14th of July the Confederation formally took administrative control of the Russo Lithuanian territories taken by the Napoleonic forces A special commission was formed for the purpose In the face of the occupation of Poland by Russian forces starting with the 30th of April 1813 the Confederation ceased its activities References edit Jedruch Jacek 1998 Constitutions Elections and Legislatures of Poland 1493 1993 A Guide to Their History EJJ Books pp 206 207 ISBN 978 0 7818 0637 4 a b Krolestwo Polskie Przywrocone Gazeta Warszawska 1812 nr 52 The Warsaw Gazette Gazeta Warszawska in Polish Vol 52 Tadeusz Wlodek 1812 Odpowiedz Napoleona deputowanym Konfederacji Generalnej Krolestwa Polskiego z 11 VII 1812 r Napoleon s Answer to the Deputies of the General Confederacy of the Kingdom of Poland in Polish Archived from the original on 2017 10 13 Bibliography editDiariusz Sejmowy z roku 1812 Teki Archiwalne t 21 1989 pp 146 152 A Rembowski Konfederacja Generalna i pospolite ruszenie w roku 1812 Biblioteka Warszawska t 1 1896 z 3 pp 478 514 t 2 1896 z 1 pp 67 86 Marian Kukiel Wojna 1812 roku Krakow 1937 nbsp nbsp This Polish history related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title General Confederation of the Kingdom of Poland amp oldid 1188120647, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
