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Gene Caesar

January 01, 1970

Eugene "Gene" Lee Caesar (1927–1986) was an American writer of outdoor fiction, American history and natural history. His biography of Jim Bridger, King of the Mountain Men, won the Bronze Wrangler for Outstanding Western Juvenile Book in 1961. In 1970, Caesar left his freelance career to work in the Michigan House of Representatives as a legislative analyst and later an education specialist to the Speaker of the House.

Biography edit

Eugene Lee Caesar was born on December 10, 1927[1] in Saginaw, Michigan to Ernest Thor Caesar and Eunice Lee Caesar[2] (née Eunice Viola Lee), author of For This My Mother Wrapped Me Warm (D. Appleton-Century 1947) and many short stories for popular magazines such as Collier's and the Women's Home Companion.[3][4]

When the United States entered World War II, Caesar enlisted at the Office of Naval Officer Procurement. Under the V-5 program he attended Michigan Central College of Education, Case Institute of Technology and Illinois Institute of Technology. After his discharge in mid-1946, he spent a year at the University of Miami[5] before returning to Michigan to write.[6]

Gene Caesar's working history began, in his own words, 'as a pots-and-pans salesman for Macy's in late 1946.' He 'ran through everything from serving as a United Auto Workers committeeman in a General Motors plant to playing in small hillbilly or Western orchestras, and ended as a jet-aircraft mechanic for Republic Aviation in 1954–55.' Caesar worked a variety of jobs, including machine operator and aircraft mechanic, before the success of his first novel, Mark of the Hunter.[7]

In 1970, Gene left his freelance writing career to serve as a legislative analyst for the Michigan House of Representatives and, later, an education specialist for the Speaker of the House. He is honored for his public service in House Concurrent Resolution No. 653.[8] Gene Caesar died of a cerebral aneurysm on January 26, 1986 in Lansing, Michigan.[9]

Personal life edit

Caesar married Judith May Hall in Ann Arbor, Michigan on December 26, 1953.[10] Following the wedding, the couple moved to New York City where Judy studied dance at the Metropolitan Opera School of Ballet, and Gene worked on the jet-aircraft engines while writing fiction at night.[11] They later settled in Ann Arbor, where Judy opened a dance school and Gene wrote full-time.[12] The couple had three children: Cheryl, Craig and Jeffrey.[13]

Writings edit

Although Caesar published outdoor stories and articles in men's magazines like True and youth publications like Boys' Life throughout the 1950s and 1960s,[14] his first successful novel, Mark of the Hunter, dates from 1953. In Michigan in Literature, Clarence A. Andrews summarizes thus: "After he meets a young woman, Pat Brodie, [veteran Marty Jevons] is able to accept society and even conservative politics, and he achieves release from his compulsive wolf hunting." Andrews notes that "[r]eviewers were pleased with the hunting scenes, but unhappy with the novel's larger philosophical solutions,[15] citing the opinion of Nicholas Mongo in the Saturday Review of Literature: "'When [Caesar] ascribes the dynamics of social dissatisfaction and liberal strivings wholly to sexual motivation in disguise, he robs love and politics alike of their share of will and reason.'"[16] The Virginia Quarterly Review, on the other hand, praised the work as a "fresh and vigorous first novel, executed with commendable and comforting assurance, [in which] Mr. Caesar handles an old problem in a new way: the readjustment to civilian life of a soldier back from the war." Marty Jevons, this reviewer finds, is not seeking primitivism for its own sake, but the venerable American goal of self-reliance, exemplified by the hero's pioneer grandfather. This theme carries through in a "convincing and acceptable conclusion" rendered with "a determined and often exciting skill. [The author's] style is direct; his manner is wholly modern; his characters, even the minor figures who are often mere types, come alive under his fingers."[17]

In The Wild Hunters: The Wolves, the Bears and the Big Cats (1957), Caesar turns his focus to animals as hunters, rather than hunted. This popular work of natural history was billed by the Reading Eagle as an "exciting and suspenseful account of the wild predators of North America – the wolves, the bears, and the big cats,"[18] The Science News Letter, published by the Society for Science and the Public, concurred, stating that the book aims "to interest the public in the fate of these wild creatures who face extinction because they are so ruthlessly being killed in the belief that they are evil."[19] The Journal of Wildlife Management praised the work and its aims, agreeing with Caesar's recommendations that, to save the wild predators from extinction, the U.S. government should stop spending money on bounties and poisoning, reapportioning a part of that expense to research into wildlife. Reviewer Olaus J. Murray concludes: "Perhaps our hope lies in the fact that people are beginning to say things like that."[20]

King of the Mountain Men: The Life of Jim Bridger was published in 1961. Kirkus wrote that this retelling of the story of Jim Bridger: "is a worthy and highly readable one."[21] The New York Times described the biography as "A stirring portrait of an important character is our history," while also noting that "[a]mong the most valuable parts of Mr. Caesar's are those in which he reminds us that the life of the Mountain Man could be dirty and dull as well as dangerous and daring."[22] Roderick Frazier Nash cites King of the Mountain Men in support of his argument that Jim Bridger "was in the West to harvest the remaining beaver and profit from an expanding civilization"[23] And William Eastlake, in The New Mexico Quarterly, urged: "Read King of the Mountain Men. It will tell you exactly the heroic way it all was before the tract houses came" (p. 186).[24] King of the Mountain Men is cited as a prize-winning work for juveniles in A Western Legacy: The National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum by The National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum (2005).[25] It is used for historical background by Win Blevins in his novel Give Your Heart to the Hawks: A Tribute to the Mountain Men.[26] Frederick E. Von Burg credits King of the Mountain Men with inspiring his juvenile science fiction novel Keep My White Sneakers, Kit Carson: An Adventure with the Blackfeet, writing: "I picked that book up from a library table of worn out books, and I didn't put it down until I'd finished it."[27]

Continuing his pursuit of "colorful and exciting [...] fast-paced chronicle[s]," Caesar composed Incredible Detective: The Biography of William J. Burns (1968). Kirkus wrote that this biography of William J. Burns "has been recorded with a sense of newspaper sensationalism but armchair detectives should snap it up."[28] Despite the description of "sensationalism", the work has been widely cited. Howard Blum, in American Lightning: Terror, Mystery, and the Birth of Hollywood, recommends that "[t]hose wanting more of a feel for Burns's career should consult Gene Caesar's Incredible Detective."[29] Incredible Detective is cited as a historical reference for the life of William Burns in The Development of the U.S. Security Industry by R. D. McCrie (1988),[30] by Ardis Cameron in Looking for America: The Visual Production of Nation and People[31] by Charles K. Hyde in The Business History Review (1986).,[32] by William R. Hunt, in American's Sherlock Holmes[33] and by Gregory Wood in the Journal of Social History (2011).[34] It is cited as "a biography sanctioned by the Burns firm" in The Day Wall Street Exploded: A Story of America in Its First Age of Terror by Beverly Gage.[35]

Pulp fiction edit

Under the pseudonym of Johnny Laredo, Caesar wrote potboilers like Come And Get Me, blurbed as "Love And Violence In A City Jungle", while as Anthony Sterling, he exposed the seamy (and steamy) underside of Ben Purnell, King of the Israelite House of David, and his "Virgin Love Cult" in Michigan's Benton Harbor (King of the Harem Heaven; Harem Island).[36][37]

Cultural significance edit

Gene Caesar was listed in Who's Who in America in 1953,[38] in Michigan Poets with Supplement to Michigan Authors 1960, in Who's Who in the Midwest (10th edition, 1967–8),[39] in the Dictionary of International Biography in 1967-8,[40] in Contemporary Authors from 1974–1998, in Michigan in Fiction in 1976, in Michigan Authors, 2nd ed. in 1980 and in Literary Michigan by the Michigan Council for the Humanities in 1988.[41]

Further resources edit

Mark of the Hunter, King of Harem Heaven and Harem Island are listed in Michigan in the Novel, 1816–1996: An Annotated Bibliography by Robert Beasecker (1998).[42] Incredible Detective is listed in Bookman's Guide to Americana, 9th edition.[43]

References edit

  1. ^ "Gene Caesar". Bluebook of Magazine Writers. September 1951.
  2. ^ Who's Who in the Midwest (10th ed.). Chicago IL: Marquis-Who's Who. 1968. p. 158.
  3. ^ "Author Steps Aside, Lets Son Shine". Saginaw News. December 1, 1950.
  4. ^ "Author Uses Saginaw As Background For Her First Popular Novel". The Arthur Hill News. Vol. 41, no. 7. December 11, 1947.
  5. ^ Who's Who in the Midwest. Chicago IL: Marquis-Who's Who. 1968. p. 158.
  6. ^ "Author notes, 'The Kid Who Had Been on Tarawa'". The Virginia Quarterly Review. Spring 1952.
  7. ^ "Gene Caesar". Bluebook of Magazine Writers. September 1951.
  8. ^ "House Concurrent Resolution No. 653". Michigan Legislature. February 1986.
  9. ^ "Gene Caesar, author, history buff [obituary]". Lansing State Journal. January 31, 1986.
  10. ^ Who's Who in the Midwest. Chicago IL: Marquis-Who's Who. 1968. p. 158.
  11. ^ "Saginawian Takes Bride At Ann Arbor". Saginaw Valley News. December 1953.
  12. ^ "How to be Compatible". Saturday Evening Post. May 5, 1956.
  13. ^ "Gene Caesar". Authors and Illustrators Database. Library of Michigan. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  14. ^ Small, E. D. (February 1971). Boys' Life. Boy Scouts of America, Inc. p. 45.
  15. ^ Andrews, Clarence A. (1992). Michigan in Literature. Detroit MI: Wayne State University Press. p. 221. ISBN 0814323685.
  16. ^ Mongo, Nicholas. "Wolf Killer: Review of Mark of the Hunter by Eugene Lee Caesar. Saturday Review of Literature 36, no. 40 (October 3, 1953), 29, quoted in Clarence A. Andrews, Michigan in Literature (Wayne State Press, 1992), p. 221.
  17. ^ "Notes on Current Books". The Virginia Quarterly Review. 30 (1): viii–xxii. 1954. ISSN 0042-675X. JSTOR 26439611.
  18. ^ "Your Library in Action: New Nonfiction in Circulation". Reading Eagle (Reading, Berks County, Penn.). April 6, 1958.
  19. ^ "Books of the Week". The Science News-Letter. 72 (21): 332. 1957. ISSN 0096-4018. JSTOR 3938850.
  20. ^ Murie, Olaus J. (1958). "Review of The Wild Hunters". The Journal of Wildlife Management. 22 (2): 218–219. doi:10.2307/3797343. ISSN 0022-541X. JSTOR 3797343.
  21. ^ "King of the Mountain Men (review)". Kirkus. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  22. ^ Poore, Charles (June 17, 1961). "Books of the Times". The New York Times.
  23. ^ Nash, Roderick Frazier. Wilderness and the American Mind (5th ed.). Yale University Press. p. 349. ISBN 978-0-300-19038-0.
  24. ^ University of New Mexico Press (2017-05-10). "Books". New Mexico Quarterly. 31 (2).
  25. ^ National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum (2006). A Western Legacy: The National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum. Norman OK: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 5.
  26. ^ Blevins, Win (1973). Give Your Heart to the Hawks: A Tribute to the Mountain Men. New York: Tom Doherty Associates. p. 323. ISBN 0-765-31435-5.
  27. ^ Von Burg, Frederick E. (2002). Keep My White Sneakers, Kit Carson: An Adventure with the Blackfeet. Writers Club Press. p. vii. ISBN 0-595-24264-2.
  28. ^ ""Incredible Detective (review)"". Kirkus. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  29. ^ Blum, Howard (2008). American Lightning: Terror, Mystery, and the Birth of Hollywood. New York: Random House. p. 328. ISBN 978-0-307-34695-7.
  30. ^ McCrie, Robert D. (1988). "The Development of the U. S. Security Industry". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 498: 23–33. ISSN 0002-7162. JSTOR 1045377.
  31. ^ Cameron, Ardis (2005). Looking for America: The Visual Production of Nation and People. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell Publishing. p. 138. ISBN 1-4051-1465-7.
  32. ^ Hyde, Charles K. (1986). "Undercover and Underground: Labor Spies and Mine Management in the Early Twentieth Century". Business History Review. 60 (1): 1–27. doi:10.2307/3115921. ISSN 2044-768X. JSTOR 3115921.
  33. ^ Hunt, William R. (2019). America's Sherlock Holmes: The Legacy of William Burns. Lanham MD: The Rowman and Littlefield Publishing Group. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-4930-4031-5.
  34. ^ Wood, G. (2011). “Habits of Employees”: Smoking, Spies, and Shopfloor Culture at Hammermill Paper Company. Journal of Social History, 45(1), 84–107. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41678818
  35. ^ Gage, Beverly (2009). The Day Wall Street Exploded: A Story of America in Its First Age of Terror. Oxford University Press. p. 356. ISBN 978-0-19-514824-4.
  36. ^ Domingo, Teresita. "Invitation Declined". Pulp International. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  37. ^ Andrews, Clarence A. (1992). Michigan in Literature. Detroit MI: Wayne State University Press. p. 221. ISBN 0814323685.
  38. ^ "Union Member In Who's Who". Saginaw Valley News. December 25, 1953.
  39. ^ Who's Who in the Midwest (10th ed.). Chicago IL: Marquis-Who's Who. 1968. p. 158.
  40. ^ Kay, Ernest (1967). Dictionary of International Biography (4th ed.). London: Dictionary of International Biography Company. p. 69.
  41. ^ "Gene Caesar". Authors and Illustrators Database. Library of Michigan. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  42. ^ Beasecker, Robert (1998). Michigan in the Novel, 1816–1996: An Annotated Bibliography. Great Lakes Books. pp. 70–71. ISBN 0-8143-2712-5.
  43. ^ Heard, J. Norman and Charles F. Hamsa. Bookman's Guide to Americana, 9th edition. The Scarecrow Press, 1986, p. 70.

External links edit

  • Gene Caesar papers at the University of Wyoming

January 01, 1970
gene, caesar, eugene, gene, caesar, 1927, 1986, american, writer, outdoor, fiction, american, history, natural, history, biography, bridger, king, mountain, bronze, wrangler, outstanding, western, juvenile, book, 1961, 1970, caesar, left, freelance, career, wo. Eugene Gene Lee Caesar 1927 1986 was an American writer of outdoor fiction American history and natural history His biography of Jim Bridger King of the Mountain Men won the Bronze Wrangler for Outstanding Western Juvenile Book in 1961 In 1970 Caesar left his freelance career to work in the Michigan House of Representatives as a legislative analyst and later an education specialist to the Speaker of the House Contents 1 Biography 2 Personal life 3 Writings 3 1 Pulp fiction 3 2 Cultural significance 3 3 Further resources 4 References 5 External linksBiography editEugene Lee Caesar was born on December 10 1927 1 in Saginaw Michigan to Ernest Thor Caesar and Eunice Lee Caesar 2 nee Eunice Viola Lee author of For This My Mother Wrapped Me Warm D Appleton Century 1947 and many short stories for popular magazines such as Collier s and the Women s Home Companion 3 4 When the United States entered World War II Caesar enlisted at the Office of Naval Officer Procurement Under the V 5 program he attended Michigan Central College of Education Case Institute of Technology and Illinois Institute of Technology After his discharge in mid 1946 he spent a year at the University of Miami 5 before returning to Michigan to write 6 Gene Caesar s working history began in his own words as a pots and pans salesman for Macy s in late 1946 He ran through everything from serving as a United Auto Workers committeeman in a General Motors plant to playing in small hillbilly or Western orchestras and ended as a jet aircraft mechanic for Republic Aviation in 1954 55 Caesar worked a variety of jobs including machine operator and aircraft mechanic before the success of his first novel Mark of the Hunter 7 In 1970 Gene left his freelance writing career to serve as a legislative analyst for the Michigan House of Representatives and later an education specialist for the Speaker of the House He is honored for his public service in House Concurrent Resolution No 653 8 Gene Caesar died of a cerebral aneurysm on January 26 1986 in Lansing Michigan 9 Personal life editCaesar married Judith May Hall in Ann Arbor Michigan on December 26 1953 10 Following the wedding the couple moved to New York City where Judy studied dance at the Metropolitan Opera School of Ballet and Gene worked on the jet aircraft engines while writing fiction at night 11 They later settled in Ann Arbor where Judy opened a dance school and Gene wrote full time 12 The couple had three children Cheryl Craig and Jeffrey 13 Writings editAlthough Caesar published outdoor stories and articles in men s magazines like True and youth publications like Boys Life throughout the 1950s and 1960s 14 his first successful novel Mark of the Hunter dates from 1953 In Michigan in Literature Clarence A Andrews summarizes thus After he meets a young woman Pat Brodie veteran Marty Jevons is able to accept society and even conservative politics and he achieves release from his compulsive wolf hunting Andrews notes that r eviewers were pleased with the hunting scenes but unhappy with the novel s larger philosophical solutions 15 citing the opinion of Nicholas Mongo in the Saturday Review of Literature When Caesar ascribes the dynamics of social dissatisfaction and liberal strivings wholly to sexual motivation in disguise he robs love and politics alike of their share of will and reason 16 The Virginia Quarterly Review on the other hand praised the work as a fresh and vigorous first novel executed with commendable and comforting assurance in which Mr Caesar handles an old problem in a new way the readjustment to civilian life of a soldier back from the war Marty Jevons this reviewer finds is not seeking primitivism for its own sake but the venerable American goal of self reliance exemplified by the hero s pioneer grandfather This theme carries through in a convincing and acceptable conclusion rendered with a determined and often exciting skill The author s style is direct his manner is wholly modern his characters even the minor figures who are often mere types come alive under his fingers 17 In The Wild Hunters The Wolves the Bears and the Big Cats 1957 Caesar turns his focus to animals as hunters rather than hunted This popular work of natural history was billed by the Reading Eagle as an exciting and suspenseful account of the wild predators of North America the wolves the bears and the big cats 18 The Science News Letter published by the Society for Science and the Public concurred stating that the book aims to interest the public in the fate of these wild creatures who face extinction because they are so ruthlessly being killed in the belief that they are evil 19 The Journal of Wildlife Management praised the work and its aims agreeing with Caesar s recommendations that to save the wild predators from extinction the U S government should stop spending money on bounties and poisoning reapportioning a part of that expense to research into wildlife Reviewer Olaus J Murray concludes Perhaps our hope lies in the fact that people are beginning to say things like that 20 King of the Mountain Men The Life of Jim Bridger was published in 1961 Kirkus wrote that this retelling of the story of Jim Bridger is a worthy and highly readable one 21 The New York Times described the biography as A stirring portrait of an important character is our history while also noting that a mong the most valuable parts of Mr Caesar s are those in which he reminds us that the life of the Mountain Man could be dirty and dull as well as dangerous and daring 22 Roderick Frazier Nash cites King of the Mountain Men in support of his argument that Jim Bridger was in the West to harvest the remaining beaver and profit from an expanding civilization 23 And William Eastlake in The New Mexico Quarterly urged Read King of the Mountain Men It will tell you exactly the heroic way it all was before the tract houses came p 186 24 King of the Mountain Men is cited as a prize winning work for juveniles in A Western Legacy The National Cowboy amp Western Heritage Museum by The National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum 2005 25 It is used for historical background by Win Blevins in his novel Give Your Heart to the Hawks A Tribute to the Mountain Men 26 Frederick E Von Burg credits King of the Mountain Men with inspiring his juvenile science fiction novel Keep My White Sneakers Kit Carson An Adventure with the Blackfeet writing I picked that book up from a library table of worn out books and I didn t put it down until I d finished it 27 Continuing his pursuit of colorful and exciting fast paced chronicle s Caesar composed Incredible Detective The Biography of William J Burns 1968 Kirkus wrote that this biography of William J Burns has been recorded with a sense of newspaper sensationalism but armchair detectives should snap it up 28 Despite the description of sensationalism the work has been widely cited Howard Blum in American Lightning Terror Mystery and the Birth of Hollywood recommends that t hose wanting more of a feel for Burns s career should consult Gene Caesar s Incredible Detective 29 Incredible Detective is cited as a historical reference for the life of William Burns in The Development of the U S Security Industry by R D McCrie 1988 30 by Ardis Cameron in Looking for America The Visual Production of Nation and People 31 by Charles K Hyde in The Business History Review 1986 32 by William R Hunt in American s Sherlock Holmes 33 and by Gregory Wood in the Journal of Social History 2011 34 It is cited as a biography sanctioned by the Burns firm in The Day Wall Street Exploded A Story of America in Its First Age of Terror by Beverly Gage 35 Pulp fiction edit Under the pseudonym of Johnny Laredo Caesar wrote potboilers like Come And Get Me blurbed as Love And Violence In A City Jungle while as Anthony Sterling he exposed the seamy and steamy underside of Ben Purnell King of the Israelite House of David and his Virgin Love Cult in Michigan s Benton Harbor King of the Harem Heaven Harem Island 36 37 Cultural significance edit Gene Caesar was listed in Who s Who in America in 1953 38 in Michigan Poets with Supplement to Michigan Authors 1960 in Who s Who in the Midwest 10th edition 1967 8 39 in the Dictionary of International Biography in 1967 8 40 in Contemporary Authors from 1974 1998 in Michigan in Fiction in 1976 in Michigan Authors 2nd ed in 1980 and in Literary Michigan by the Michigan Council for the Humanities in 1988 41 Further resources edit Mark of the Hunter King of Harem Heaven and Harem Island are listed in Michigan in the Novel 1816 1996 An Annotated Bibliography by Robert Beasecker 1998 42 Incredible Detective is listed in Bookman s Guide to Americana 9th edition 43 References edit Gene Caesar Bluebook of Magazine Writers September 1951 Who s Who in the Midwest 10th ed Chicago IL Marquis Who s Who 1968 p 158 Author Steps Aside Lets Son Shine Saginaw News December 1 1950 Author Uses Saginaw As Background For Her First Popular Novel The Arthur Hill News Vol 41 no 7 December 11 1947 Who s Who in the Midwest Chicago IL Marquis Who s Who 1968 p 158 Author notes The Kid Who Had Been on Tarawa The Virginia Quarterly Review Spring 1952 Gene Caesar Bluebook of Magazine Writers September 1951 House Concurrent Resolution No 653 Michigan Legislature February 1986 Gene Caesar author history buff obituary Lansing State Journal January 31 1986 Who s Who in the Midwest Chicago IL Marquis Who s Who 1968 p 158 Saginawian Takes Bride At Ann Arbor Saginaw Valley News December 1953 How to be Compatible Saturday Evening Post May 5 1956 Gene Caesar Authors and Illustrators Database Library of Michigan Retrieved 16 August 2023 Small E D February 1971 Boys Life Boy Scouts of America Inc p 45 Andrews Clarence A 1992 Michigan in Literature Detroit MI Wayne State University Press p 221 ISBN 0814323685 Mongo Nicholas Wolf Killer Review of Mark of the Hunter by Eugene Lee Caesar Saturday Review of Literature 36 no 40 October 3 1953 29 quoted in Clarence A Andrews Michigan in Literature Wayne State Press 1992 p 221 Notes on Current Books The Virginia Quarterly Review 30 1 viii xxii 1954 ISSN 0042 675X JSTOR 26439611 Your Library in Action New Nonfiction in Circulation Reading Eagle Reading Berks County Penn April 6 1958 Books of the Week The Science News Letter 72 21 332 1957 ISSN 0096 4018 JSTOR 3938850 Murie Olaus J 1958 Review of The Wild Hunters The Journal of Wildlife Management 22 2 218 219 doi 10 2307 3797343 ISSN 0022 541X JSTOR 3797343 King of the Mountain Men review Kirkus Retrieved 11 August 2023 Poore Charles June 17 1961 Books of the Times The New York Times Nash Roderick Frazier Wilderness and the American Mind 5th ed Yale University Press p 349 ISBN 978 0 300 19038 0 University of New Mexico Press 2017 05 10 Books New Mexico Quarterly 31 2 National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum 2006 A Western Legacy The National Cowboy amp Western Heritage Museum Norman OK University of Oklahoma Press p 5 Blevins Win 1973 Give Your Heart to the Hawks A Tribute to the Mountain Men New York Tom Doherty Associates p 323 ISBN 0 765 31435 5 Von Burg Frederick E 2002 Keep My White Sneakers Kit Carson An Adventure with the Blackfeet Writers Club Press p vii ISBN 0 595 24264 2 Incredible Detective review Kirkus Retrieved 11 August 2023 Blum Howard 2008 American Lightning Terror Mystery and the Birth of Hollywood New York Random House p 328 ISBN 978 0 307 34695 7 McCrie Robert D 1988 The Development of the U S Security Industry The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 498 23 33 ISSN 0002 7162 JSTOR 1045377 Cameron Ardis 2005 Looking for America The Visual Production of Nation and People Oxford U K Blackwell Publishing p 138 ISBN 1 4051 1465 7 Hyde Charles K 1986 Undercover and Underground Labor Spies and Mine Management in the Early Twentieth Century Business History Review 60 1 1 27 doi 10 2307 3115921 ISSN 2044 768X JSTOR 3115921 Hunt William R 2019 America s Sherlock Holmes The Legacy of William Burns Lanham MD The Rowman and Littlefield Publishing Group p 56 ISBN 978 1 4930 4031 5 Wood G 2011 Habits of Employees Smoking Spies and Shopfloor Culture at Hammermill Paper Company Journal of Social History 45 1 84 107 http www jstor org stable 41678818 Gage Beverly 2009 The Day Wall Street Exploded A Story of America in Its First Age of Terror Oxford University Press p 356 ISBN 978 0 19 514824 4 Domingo Teresita Invitation Declined Pulp International Retrieved 11 August 2023 Andrews Clarence A 1992 Michigan in Literature Detroit MI Wayne State University Press p 221 ISBN 0814323685 Union Member In Who s Who Saginaw Valley News December 25 1953 Who s Who in the Midwest 10th ed Chicago IL Marquis Who s Who 1968 p 158 Kay Ernest 1967 Dictionary of International Biography 4th ed London Dictionary of International Biography Company p 69 Gene Caesar Authors and Illustrators Database Library of Michigan Retrieved 16 August 2023 Beasecker Robert 1998 Michigan in the Novel 1816 1996 An Annotated Bibliography Great Lakes Books pp 70 71 ISBN 0 8143 2712 5 Heard J Norman and Charles F Hamsa Bookman s Guide to Americana 9th edition The Scarecrow Press 1986 p 70 External links editGene Caesar papers at the University of Wyoming Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gene Caesar amp oldid 1216486187, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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