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Gavin Maxwell

March 13, 2024

For the canoer, see Gavin Maxwell (canoeist).

Gavin Maxwell FRSL FZS FRGS (15 July 1914 – 7 September 1969) was a British naturalist and author, best known for his non-fiction writing and his work with otters. He wrote the book Ring of Bright Water (1960) about how he brought an otter back from Iraq and raised it in Scotland. The otter was of a previously unknown sub-species which was subsequently named after Maxwell. Ring of Bright Water sold more than a million copies and was made into a film starring Bill Travers and Virginia McKenna in 1969.[2]

Gavin Maxwell
Born(1914-07-15)15 July 1914
House of Elrig, Wigtownshire, Scotland
Died7 September 1969(1969-09-07) (aged 55)
Inverness, Scotland[1]
OccupationAuthor
EducationStowe School
Alma materHertford College, Oxford
GenreNatural history, Travel literature
Notable worksRing of Bright Water

Biography edit

 
The "House of Elrig" – Gavin Maxwell's childhood home. Arylick farm to right and Elrig Loch in the background.

Gavin Maxwell was the youngest son of Lieutenant-Colonel Aymer Maxwell and Lady Mary Percy, fifth daughter of the seventh Duke of Northumberland.[3] His paternal grandfather, Sir Herbert Maxwell, 7th Baronet, was an archaeologist, politician and natural historian.[3]

Maxwell was born at The House of Elrig near the small village of Elrig, near Port William, in Wigtownshire, south-western Scotland. Maxwell's relatives still live in the area and the family's ancient estate and grounds are in nearby Monreith.

Maxwell's education took place at a succession of preparatory and public schools, including the sporty Heddon Court School[4] at East Barnet, St Cyprian's School, where he found encouragement for his interest in natural history, and Stowe School. In The Rocks Remain, he relates how family pressure led him to take a degree in Estate Management at Hertford College, Oxford, where he spent his time pursuing sporting and leisure activities instead of studying. He cheated his way through the intermediate exams but passed the final examinations honestly, having crammed the entire three-year course in six weeks.[3]

 
Former HQ of The Island of Soay Shark Fisheries Ltd, started by Maxwell
 
A blue plaque commemorating Maxwell as a writer and naturalist at the house where he lived in Paultons Square in Chelsea, London

During World War II, Maxwell served as an instructor with the Special Operations Executive. He was invalided out with the rank of Major in 1944. After the war, he purchased the Isle of Soay off Skye in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. According to his book Harpoon at a Venture (1952), bad planning and a lack of finance meant his attempt to establish a basking shark fishery there between 1945 and 1948 proved unsuccessful and the island was sold on to his business partner, Tex Geddes. He became a close friend of Elias Canetti.

In 1956, Maxwell toured the reed marshes of southern Iraq with explorer Wilfred Thesiger, Maxwell's wife's first cousin once removed. Maxwell's account of their trip appears in A Reed Shaken By The Wind, later published under the title People of the Reeds. It was hailed by The New York Times as "near perfect".[5]

Maxwell next moved to Sandaig[6] (which he called Camusfeàrna in his books), a small community opposite Isleornsay on a remote part of the Scottish mainland. This is where his "otter books" are set. After Ring of Bright Water (1960), his newfound fame did not sit well with him:

He couldn't cope with it. He wasn't a strong man that way, so he couldn't deal with it. But he didn't want anyone to know that, so he started drinking more; he started smoking more. And the pressures became more because we started spending more money. Next thing, agent was on the phone: 'We're broke; we need a sequel.' So, he wrote The Rocks Remain, the sequel to Ring of Bright Water, which was a disaster because it was written in a hurry. It didn't have the same beauty, it didn't have the same anything as Ring of Bright Water. That was the beginning of the end really. — Terry Nutkins, 2010[7]

In The Rocks Remain (1963), the otters Edal, Teko, Mossy and Monday show great differences in personality. The book demonstrates the difficulty Maxwell was having, possibly as a result of his mental state, in remaining focused on one project and the impact that had on his otters, Sandaig and his own life.

In 1966, he travelled to Morocco, tracing the dramatic lives of the last rulers of Marrakech under the French. His account of the trip was published as Lords of the Atlas: The Rise and Fall of the House of Glaoua 1893–1956. During the Moroccan Years of Lead, the regime there considered his book subversive and banned its importation.

In The House of Elrig (1965), Maxwell describes his family history and his passion for the calf-country, Galloway, where he was born. It was during this period that he met ornithologist Peter Scott and the young Terry Nutkins, who later became a children's television presenter. Privately homosexual,[8] Maxwell married Lavinia Renton (daughter of The Right Honourable Sir Alan Lascelles and granddaughter of Viscount Chelmsford, Wilfred Thesiger's uncle) on 1 February 1962. The marriage lasted little more than a year and they divorced in 1964.[9] Maxwell also lived in Paultons Square in London.

In 1968, Maxwell's Sandaig home was destroyed by fire, in which Edal perished,[7] and he moved to the lighthouse keepers' cottages on Eilean Bàn (White Island), an island between the Isle of Skye and the Scottish mainland by Kyleakin. He invited John Lister-Kaye to join him on Eilean Bàn and help him build a zoo on the island and work on a book about British wild mammals. Lister-Kaye accepted the invitation, but both projects were abandoned when Maxwell died from lung cancer[10] in a hospital in Inverness[10] the following year.[11]

Eilean Bàn now supports a pier of the Skye Bridge, built during the 1990s. Despite modern traffic a hundred feet or so above it, the island is a commemorative otter sanctuary and houses a museum dedicated to Maxwell. Another memorial is a bronze otter erected at Monreith near to St Medan's Golf Club.

According to Douglas Botting, Maxwell suffered from bipolar disorder throughout his life.[12] Maxwell's literary agent was Peter Janson-Smith,[13] who was also agent for James Bond author Ian Fleming.

Gavin Maxwell's otter edit

 
Statue of Maxwell's otter at Monreith by Penny Wheatley, 1978.

Maxwell's book Ring of Bright Water describes how, in 1956, he brought a smooth-coated otter back from Iraq and raised it in "Camusfearna" at Sandaig Bay on the west coast of Scotland.[14] He took the otter, called mijbil, to the London Zoological Society, where it was decided that this was a previously unknown subspecies of smooth-coated otter. It was therefore named Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli (or, colloquially, "Maxwell's otter") after him. While it was thought to have become extinct in the alluvial salt marshes of Iraq as a result of the large-scale drainage of the area that started in the 1960s, newer surveys suggest large populations remain throughout its range.[15][16]

 
Maxwell's memorial boulder on the former site of his Camusfeàrna home

In his book The Marsh Arabs, Wilfred Thesiger wrote:

[I]n 1956, Gavin Maxwell, who wished to write a book about the Marshes, came with me to Iraq, and I took him round in my tarada for seven weeks. He had always wanted an otter as a pet, and at last, I found him a baby European otter which unfortunately died after a week, towards the end of his visit. He was in Basra preparing to go home when I managed to obtain an otter, which I sent to him. This, very dark in colour and about six weeks old, proved to be a new species. Gavin took it to England, and the species was named after him.

The otter became woven into the fabric of Maxwell's life. The title of his book Ring of Bright Water was taken from the poem "The Marriage of Psyche" by Kathleen Raine, who said in her autobiography that Maxwell had been the love of her life. Raine's relationship with Maxwell deteriorated after 1956 when she indirectly caused the death of Mijbil. Raine held herself responsible not only for losing Mijbil but for a curse she had uttered shortly beforehand, frustrated by Maxwell's homosexuality: "Let Gavin suffer in this place as I am suffering now." Raine blamed herself thereafter for all Maxwell's misfortunes, beginning with Mijbil's death and ending with the cancer that took his 55-year-old life on 7 September 1969.[17][18][2]

Maxwell's ashes were placed beneath a boulder at the former site of his house Camusfeàrna. The boulder marks the position of his writing desk.[7]

Bibliography edit

  • Harpoon at a Venture Rupert Hart-Davis (1952)
    • Paperback reissue (1984): ISBN 0-14-006987-9
    • Paperback reissue (1998): ISBN 978-1899863464
    • Paperback reissue (2013): ISBN 978-1780271804
  • God Protect Me from My Friends Longmans (1956)
  • A Reed Shaken By The Wind - a Journey Through the Unexplored Marshlands of Iraq Longmans (1959)
  • The Ten Pains of Death (1959)
  • Ring of Bright Water (illustrated by Peter Scott) Longmans (1960)
    • Paperback reissue: ISBN 0-14-003923-6
      • Ein Ring aus hellem Wasser - Meine Jahre an Schottlands wilder Westküste, ins Deutsche übersetzt von Iris Hansen, München : Blessing, 2021, ISBN 978-3-89667-665-8
  • The Otters' Tale Longmans (1962; a children's version of Ring of Bright Water)
  • The Rocks Remain Longmans (1963)
  • The House of Elrig Longmans (1965)
  • Lords of the Atlas: Morocco, the rise and fall of the House of Glaoua Longmans (1966)
  • Seals of the World (1967)
  • Raven Seek Thy Brother Longmans (1969)
  • The Ring of Bright Water Trilogy Penguin (2001; abridged)

Biography edit

References edit

  1. ^ Botting, Douglas (1993). Gavin Maxwell, A Life. HarperCollins. p. 576. ISBN 0-246-13046-6.
  2. ^ a b "The dark love behind A Ring of Bright Water". www.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  3. ^ a b c The Rocks Remain, Gavin Maxwell, Longmans, 1963, ASIN: B0000CLY9N
  4. ^ Brendon, Vyvyen (2009). Prep School Children: A Class Apart Over Two Centuries. A&C Black. p. 93. ISBN 978-1-84706-287-1.
  5. ^ quoted in Stott, Louis (2004). "Maxwell, Gavin". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34959. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  6. ^ At 57°10′06″N 5°41′06″W / 57.16833°N 5.68500°W / 57.16833; -5.68500, to a house which had been a croft and home to the local lighthouse keeper of the Sandaig Light southwest of Glenelg.
  7. ^ a b c Britain By Bike, episode 6 - The Scottish Highlands, BBC, 2010
  8. ^ Frere, Richard (1976). Maxwell's Ghost. Victor Gollancz. pp. 65–66. ISBN 0-575-02044-X.
  9. ^ "thePeerage.com". Retrieved 6 October 2013.
  10. ^ a b "BBC Scotland - BBC Scotland - How Scotland's otters became famous: the inspirational story of Gavin Maxwell". BBC. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  11. ^ Lister-Kaye, John (1972). The White Island. Longman. ISBN 0-582-10903-5.
  12. ^ Douglas Botting, Gavin Maxwell, A Life, HarperCollins 1993 (ISBN 0-246-13046-6).
  13. ^ Frere, Richard (1976). Maxwell's Ghost. Victor Gollancz. p. 71. ISBN 0-575-02044-X.
  14. ^ "Mijbil the Otter" (PDF). First Flight: Textbook in English for Class X. New Delhi: NCERT. 2019. pp. 102–109. ISBN 978-81-7450-658-0. OCLC 1144708197.
  15. ^ Omer, Sawsan A.; et al. (2012). "Evidence for persistence and a major range extension of the smooth-coated otter ( Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli; Mustelidae, Carnivora) in Iraq" (PDF). Folia Zool. 61 (2): 172–176. doi:10.25225/fozo.v61.i2.a10.2012. S2CID 89831141.
  16. ^ Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.; Nader, Iyad A. (2013). "The Status of Iraq Smooth - Coated Otter Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli Hayman 195 6 and Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra Linnaeus 1758 in Iraq" (PDF). IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 30 (1): 18–30.
  17. ^ Janet Watts (8 July 2003). ""Kathleen Raine: Obituary", The Guardian, London, 8/7/2003". Guardian. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
  18. ^ Dani Garavelli. ""Gavin Maxwell's Love of Nature", Edinburgh, 22/6/2014". Scotland on Sunday. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  19. ^ . Neil Wilson Publishing. Archived from the original on 21 May 2006.

External links edit

  • Biography by Maxwell's nephew
  • Eilean Bàn
  • Maxwell's Otter
  • IUCN listing for Maxwell's Otter
  • Visit Camusfearna (Sandaig)

Further reading edit

Maxwell, Gavin, (1914–7 Sept. 1969), Sponsor of the Dolci Cttee; Hon. Life Member: Wildfowl Trust; Cttee, Wildlife Youth Service; Fauna Preservation Soc.; Internat. Cttee, Centro Studi e Scambi Internazionali; Cttee of Honour Nat. Campaign for the Abolition of Capital Punishment; Pres., British Junior Exploration Soc.; writer since 1952; portrait painter, 1949–52, doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U57666 Who's Who (published online: 1 December 2007)

March 13, 2024
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For the canoer see Gavin Maxwell canoeist Gavin Maxwell FRSL FZS FRGS 15 July 1914 7 September 1969 was a British naturalist and author best known for his non fiction writing and his work with otters He wrote the book Ring of Bright Water 1960 about how he brought an otter back from Iraq and raised it in Scotland The otter was of a previously unknown sub species which was subsequently named after Maxwell Ring of Bright Water sold more than a million copies and was made into a film starring Bill Travers and Virginia McKenna in 1969 2 Gavin MaxwellBorn 1914 07 15 15 July 1914House of Elrig Wigtownshire ScotlandDied7 September 1969 1969 09 07 aged 55 Inverness Scotland 1 OccupationAuthorEducationStowe SchoolAlma materHertford College OxfordGenreNatural history Travel literatureNotable worksRing of Bright Water Contents 1 Biography 2 Gavin Maxwell s otter 3 Bibliography 3 1 Biography 4 References 5 External links 6 Further readingBiography edit nbsp The House of Elrig Gavin Maxwell s childhood home Arylick farm to right and Elrig Loch in the background Gavin Maxwell was the youngest son of Lieutenant Colonel Aymer Maxwell and Lady Mary Percy fifth daughter of the seventh Duke of Northumberland 3 His paternal grandfather Sir Herbert Maxwell 7th Baronet was an archaeologist politician and natural historian 3 Maxwell was born at The House of Elrig near the small village of Elrig near Port William in Wigtownshire south western Scotland Maxwell s relatives still live in the area and the family s ancient estate and grounds are in nearby Monreith Maxwell s education took place at a succession of preparatory and public schools including the sporty Heddon Court School 4 at East Barnet St Cyprian s School where he found encouragement for his interest in natural history and Stowe School In The Rocks Remain he relates how family pressure led him to take a degree in Estate Management at Hertford College Oxford where he spent his time pursuing sporting and leisure activities instead of studying He cheated his way through the intermediate exams but passed the final examinations honestly having crammed the entire three year course in six weeks 3 nbsp Former HQ of The Island of Soay Shark Fisheries Ltd started by Maxwell nbsp A blue plaque commemorating Maxwell as a writer and naturalist at the house where he lived in Paultons Square in Chelsea LondonDuring World War II Maxwell served as an instructor with the Special Operations Executive He was invalided out with the rank of Major in 1944 After the war he purchased the Isle of Soay off Skye in the Inner Hebrides Scotland According to his book Harpoon at a Venture 1952 bad planning and a lack of finance meant his attempt to establish a basking shark fishery there between 1945 and 1948 proved unsuccessful and the island was sold on to his business partner Tex Geddes He became a close friend of Elias Canetti In 1956 Maxwell toured the reed marshes of southern Iraq with explorer Wilfred Thesiger Maxwell s wife s first cousin once removed Maxwell s account of their trip appears in A Reed Shaken By The Wind later published under the title People of the Reeds It was hailed by The New York Times as near perfect 5 Maxwell next moved to Sandaig 6 which he called Camusfearna in his books a small community opposite Isleornsay on a remote part of the Scottish mainland This is where his otter books are set After Ring of Bright Water 1960 his newfound fame did not sit well with him He couldn t cope with it He wasn t a strong man that way so he couldn t deal with it But he didn t want anyone to know that so he started drinking more he started smoking more And the pressures became more because we started spending more money Next thing agent was on the phone We re broke we need a sequel So he wrote The Rocks Remain the sequel to Ring of Bright Water which was a disaster because it was written in a hurry It didn t have the same beauty it didn t have the same anything as Ring of Bright Water That was the beginning of the end really Terry Nutkins 2010 7 In The Rocks Remain 1963 the otters Edal Teko Mossy and Monday show great differences in personality The book demonstrates the difficulty Maxwell was having possibly as a result of his mental state in remaining focused on one project and the impact that had on his otters Sandaig and his own life In 1966 he travelled to Morocco tracing the dramatic lives of the last rulers of Marrakech under the French His account of the trip was published as Lords of the Atlas The Rise and Fall of the House of Glaoua 1893 1956 During the Moroccan Years of Lead the regime there considered his book subversive and banned its importation In The House of Elrig 1965 Maxwell describes his family history and his passion for the calf country Galloway where he was born It was during this period that he met ornithologist Peter Scott and the young Terry Nutkins who later became a children s television presenter Privately homosexual 8 Maxwell married Lavinia Renton daughter of The Right Honourable Sir Alan Lascelles and granddaughter of Viscount Chelmsford Wilfred Thesiger s uncle on 1 February 1962 The marriage lasted little more than a year and they divorced in 1964 9 Maxwell also lived in Paultons Square in London In 1968 Maxwell s Sandaig home was destroyed by fire in which Edal perished 7 and he moved to the lighthouse keepers cottages on Eilean Ban White Island an island between the Isle of Skye and the Scottish mainland by Kyleakin He invited John Lister Kaye to join him on Eilean Ban and help him build a zoo on the island and work on a book about British wild mammals Lister Kaye accepted the invitation but both projects were abandoned when Maxwell died from lung cancer 10 in a hospital in Inverness 10 the following year 11 Eilean Ban now supports a pier of the Skye Bridge built during the 1990s Despite modern traffic a hundred feet or so above it the island is a commemorative otter sanctuary and houses a museum dedicated to Maxwell Another memorial is a bronze otter erected at Monreith near to St Medan s Golf Club According to Douglas Botting Maxwell suffered from bipolar disorder throughout his life 12 Maxwell s literary agent was Peter Janson Smith 13 who was also agent for James Bond author Ian Fleming Gavin Maxwell s otter edit nbsp Statue of Maxwell s otter at Monreith by Penny Wheatley 1978 Maxwell s book Ring of Bright Water describes how in 1956 he brought a smooth coated otter back from Iraq and raised it in Camusfearna at Sandaig Bay on the west coast of Scotland 14 He took the otter called mijbil to the London Zoological Society where it was decided that this was a previously unknown subspecies of smooth coated otter It was therefore named Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli or colloquially Maxwell s otter after him While it was thought to have become extinct in the alluvial salt marshes of Iraq as a result of the large scale drainage of the area that started in the 1960s newer surveys suggest large populations remain throughout its range 15 16 nbsp Maxwell s memorial boulder on the former site of his Camusfearna homeIn his book The Marsh Arabs Wilfred Thesiger wrote I n 1956 Gavin Maxwell who wished to write a book about the Marshes came with me to Iraq and I took him round in my tarada for seven weeks He had always wanted an otter as a pet and at last I found him a baby European otter which unfortunately died after a week towards the end of his visit He was in Basra preparing to go home when I managed to obtain an otter which I sent to him This very dark in colour and about six weeks old proved to be a new species Gavin took it to England and the species was named after him The otter became woven into the fabric of Maxwell s life The title of his book Ring of Bright Water was taken from the poem The Marriage of Psyche by Kathleen Raine who said in her autobiography that Maxwell had been the love of her life Raine s relationship with Maxwell deteriorated after 1956 when she indirectly caused the death of Mijbil Raine held herself responsible not only for losing Mijbil but for a curse she had uttered shortly beforehand frustrated by Maxwell s homosexuality Let Gavin suffer in this place as I am suffering now Raine blamed herself thereafter for all Maxwell s misfortunes beginning with Mijbil s death and ending with the cancer that took his 55 year old life on 7 September 1969 17 18 2 Maxwell s ashes were placed beneath a boulder at the former site of his house Camusfearna The boulder marks the position of his writing desk 7 Bibliography editHarpoon at a Venture Rupert Hart Davis 1952 Paperback reissue 1984 ISBN 0 14 006987 9 Paperback reissue 1998 ISBN 978 1899863464 Paperback reissue 2013 ISBN 978 1780271804 God Protect Me from My Friends Longmans 1956 Paperback reissue 1972 ISBN 0 330 02787 5 A Reed Shaken By The Wind a Journey Through the Unexplored Marshlands of Iraq Longmans 1959 Paperback reissue 1983 ISBN 978 0140095104 Paperback reissue Eland Books 2003 ISBN 0 907871 93 3 The Ten Pains of Death 1959 Paperback reissue 1986 ISBN 978 0862992897 Ring of Bright Water illustrated by Peter Scott Longmans 1960 Paperback reissue ISBN 0 14 003923 6 Ein Ring aus hellem Wasser Meine Jahre an Schottlands wilder Westkuste ins Deutsche ubersetzt von Iris Hansen Munchen Blessing 2021 ISBN 978 3 89667 665 8 The Otters Tale Longmans 1962 a children s version of Ring of Bright Water The Rocks Remain Longmans 1963 The House of Elrig Longmans 1965 Lords of the Atlas Morocco the rise and fall of the House of Glaoua Longmans 1966 Reissue Eland Books 2000 ISBN 0 304 35419 8 Seals of the World 1967 Raven Seek Thy Brother Longmans 1969 The Ring of Bright Water Trilogy Penguin 2001 abridged Biography edit Island of Dreams Stalking Gavin Maxwell s Ghost by Dan Boothby Cork Street Books 2014 republished as Island of Dreams A Personal History of a Remarkable Place Picador 2015 ISBN 978 1509800759 The White Island by John Lister Kaye about the author s time working with Maxwell Longman 1972 ISBN 0 582 10903 5 Maxwell s Ghost An Epilogue to Gavin Maxwell s Camusfearna by Richard Frere Victor Gollancz 1976 ISBN 0 575 02044 X reissued 1999 ISBN 1 84158 003 1 reissued 2011 ISBN 978 1780270111 Gavin Maxwell A Life by Douglas Botting HarperCollins 1993 ISBN 0 246 13046 6 authorized biography republished as The Saga of Ring of Bright Water The Enigma of Gavin Maxwell Neil Wilson Publishing 2000 ISBN 1 897784 85 6 19 References edit Botting Douglas 1993 Gavin Maxwell A Life HarperCollins p 576 ISBN 0 246 13046 6 a b The dark love behind A Ring of Bright Water www telegraph co uk Retrieved 14 November 2021 a b c The Rocks Remain Gavin Maxwell Longmans 1963 ASIN B0000CLY9N Brendon Vyvyen 2009 Prep School Children A Class Apart Over Two Centuries A amp C Black p 93 ISBN 978 1 84706 287 1 quoted in Stott Louis 2004 Maxwell Gavin Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 34959 Subscription or UK public library membership required At 57 10 06 N 5 41 06 W 57 16833 N 5 68500 W 57 16833 5 68500 to a house which had been a croft and home to the local lighthouse keeper of the Sandaig Light southwest of Glenelg a b c Britain By Bike episode 6 The Scottish Highlands BBC 2010 Frere Richard 1976 Maxwell s Ghost Victor Gollancz pp 65 66 ISBN 0 575 02044 X thePeerage com Retrieved 6 October 2013 a b BBC Scotland BBC Scotland How Scotland s otters became famous the inspirational story of Gavin Maxwell BBC Retrieved 14 November 2021 Lister Kaye John 1972 The White Island Longman ISBN 0 582 10903 5 Douglas Botting Gavin Maxwell A Life HarperCollins 1993 ISBN 0 246 13046 6 Frere Richard 1976 Maxwell s Ghost Victor Gollancz p 71 ISBN 0 575 02044 X Mijbil the Otter PDF First Flight Textbook in English for Class X New Delhi NCERT 2019 pp 102 109 ISBN 978 81 7450 658 0 OCLC 1144708197 Omer Sawsan A et al 2012 Evidence for persistence and a major range extension of the smooth coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli Mustelidae Carnivora in Iraq PDF Folia Zool 61 2 172 176 doi 10 25225 fozo v61 i2 a10 2012 S2CID 89831141 Al Sheikhly Omar F Nader Iyad A 2013 The Status of Iraq Smooth Coated Otter Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli Hayman 195 6 and Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra Linnaeus 1758 in Iraq PDF IUCN Otter Spec Group Bull 30 1 18 30 Janet Watts 8 July 2003 Kathleen Raine Obituary The Guardian London 8 7 2003 Guardian Retrieved 18 June 2014 Dani Garavelli Gavin Maxwell s Love of Nature Edinburgh 22 6 2014 Scotland on Sunday Retrieved 27 June 2014 The Saga of Ring of Bright Water The Enigma of Gavin Maxwell Neil Wilson Publishing Archived from the original on 21 May 2006 External links editBiography by Maxwell s nephew Eilean Ban Maxwell s Otter IUCN listing for Maxwell s Otter Visit Camusfearna Sandaig Further reading editMaxwell Gavin 1914 7 Sept 1969 Sponsor of the Dolci Cttee Hon Life Member Wildfowl Trust Cttee Wildlife Youth Service Fauna Preservation Soc Internat Cttee Centro Studi e Scambi Internazionali Cttee of Honour Nat Campaign for the Abolition of Capital Punishment Pres British Junior Exploration Soc writer since 1952 portrait painter 1949 52 doi org 10 1093 ww 9780199540884 013 U57666 Who s Who published online 1 December 2007 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gavin Maxwell amp oldid 1209804695, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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